languages/Language.php

   1 <?php
   2 /**
   3  * Internationalisation code.
   4  * See https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation for more information.
   5  *
   6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   9  * (at your option) any later version.
  10  *
  11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
  14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  17  * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
  18  * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
  19  * http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
  20  *
  21  * @file
  22  * @ingroup Language
  23  */
  24
  25 /**
  26  * @defgroup Language Language
  27  */
  28
  29 use CLDRPluralRuleParser\Evaluator;
  30 use Wikimedia\Assert\Assert;
  31
  32 /**
  33  * Internationalisation code
  34  * @ingroup Language
  35  */
  36 class Language {
  37         /**
  38          * Return autonyms in fetchLanguageName(s).
  39          * @since 1.32
  40          */
  41         const AS_AUTONYMS = null;
  42
  43         /**
  44          * Return all known languages in fetchLanguageName(s).
  45          * @since 1.32
  46          */
  47         const ALL = 'all';
  48
  49         /**
  50          * Return in fetchLanguageName(s) only the languages for which we have at
  51          * least some localisation.
  52          * @since 1.32
  53          */
  54         const SUPPORTED = 'mwfile';
  55
  56         /**
  57          * @var LanguageConverter
  58          */
  59         public $mConverter;
  60
  61         public $mVariants, $mCode, $mLoaded = false;
  62         public $mMagicExtensions = [];
  63         private $mHtmlCode = null, $mParentLanguage = false;
  64
  65         public $dateFormatStrings = [];
  66         public $mExtendedSpecialPageAliases;
  67
  68         /** @var array|null */
  69         protected $namespaceNames;
  70         protected $mNamespaceIds, $namespaceAliases;
  71
  72         /**
  73          * ReplacementArray object caches
  74          */
  75         public $transformData = [];
  76
  77         /**
  78          * @var LocalisationCache
  79          */
  80         public static $dataCache;
  81
  82         public static $mLangObjCache = [];
  83
  84         /**
  85          * Return a fallback chain for messages in getFallbacksFor
  86          * @since 1.32
  87          */
  88         const MESSAGES_FALLBACKS = 0;
  89
  90         /**
  91          * Return a strict fallback chain in getFallbacksFor
  92          * @since 1.32
  93          */
  94         const STRICT_FALLBACKS = 1;
  95
  96         public static $mWeekdayMsgs = [
  97                 'sunday', 'monday', 'tuesday', 'wednesday', 'thursday',
  98                 'friday', 'saturday'
  99         ];
 100
 101         public static $mWeekdayAbbrevMsgs = [
 102                 'sun', 'mon', 'tue', 'wed', 'thu', 'fri', 'sat'
 103         ];
 104
 105         public static $mMonthMsgs = [
 106                 'january', 'february', 'march', 'april', 'may_long', 'june',
 107                 'july', 'august', 'september', 'october', 'november',
 108                 'december'
 109         ];
 110         public static $mMonthGenMsgs = [
 111                 'january-gen', 'february-gen', 'march-gen', 'april-gen', 'may-gen', 'june-gen',
 112                 'july-gen', 'august-gen', 'september-gen', 'october-gen', 'november-gen',
 113                 'december-gen'
 114         ];
 115         public static $mMonthAbbrevMsgs = [
 116                 'jan', 'feb', 'mar', 'apr', 'may', 'jun', 'jul', 'aug',
 117                 'sep', 'oct', 'nov', 'dec'
 118         ];
 119
 120         public static $mIranianCalendarMonthMsgs = [
 121                 'iranian-calendar-m1', 'iranian-calendar-m2', 'iranian-calendar-m3',
 122                 'iranian-calendar-m4', 'iranian-calendar-m5', 'iranian-calendar-m6',
 123                 'iranian-calendar-m7', 'iranian-calendar-m8', 'iranian-calendar-m9',
 124                 'iranian-calendar-m10', 'iranian-calendar-m11', 'iranian-calendar-m12'
 125         ];
 126
 127         public static $mHebrewCalendarMonthMsgs = [
 128                 'hebrew-calendar-m1', 'hebrew-calendar-m2', 'hebrew-calendar-m3',
 129                 'hebrew-calendar-m4', 'hebrew-calendar-m5', 'hebrew-calendar-m6',
 130                 'hebrew-calendar-m7', 'hebrew-calendar-m8', 'hebrew-calendar-m9',
 131                 'hebrew-calendar-m10', 'hebrew-calendar-m11', 'hebrew-calendar-m12',
 132                 'hebrew-calendar-m6a', 'hebrew-calendar-m6b'
 133         ];
 134
 135         public static $mHebrewCalendarMonthGenMsgs = [
 136                 'hebrew-calendar-m1-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m2-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m3-gen',
 137                 'hebrew-calendar-m4-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m5-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m6-gen',
 138                 'hebrew-calendar-m7-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m8-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m9-gen',
 139                 'hebrew-calendar-m10-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m11-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m12-gen',
 140                 'hebrew-calendar-m6a-gen', 'hebrew-calendar-m6b-gen'
 141         ];
 142
 143         public static $mHijriCalendarMonthMsgs = [
 144                 'hijri-calendar-m1', 'hijri-calendar-m2', 'hijri-calendar-m3',
 145                 'hijri-calendar-m4', 'hijri-calendar-m5', 'hijri-calendar-m6',
 146                 'hijri-calendar-m7', 'hijri-calendar-m8', 'hijri-calendar-m9',
 147                 'hijri-calendar-m10', 'hijri-calendar-m11', 'hijri-calendar-m12'
 148         ];
 149
 150         /**
 151          * @since 1.20
 152          * @var array
 153          */
 154         public static $durationIntervals = [
 155                 'millennia' => 31556952000,
 156                 'centuries' => 3155695200,
 157                 'decades' => 315569520,
 158                 'years' => 31556952, // 86400 * ( 365 + ( 24 * 3 + 25 ) / 400 )
 159                 'weeks' => 604800,
 160                 'days' => 86400,
 161                 'hours' => 3600,
 162                 'minutes' => 60,
 163                 'seconds' => 1,
 164         ];
 165
 166         /**
 167          * Cache for language fallbacks.
 168          * @see Language::getFallbacksIncludingSiteLanguage
 169          * @since 1.21
 170          * @var array
 171          */
 172         private static $fallbackLanguageCache = [];
 173
 174         /**
 175          * Cache for grammar rules data
 176          * @var MapCacheLRU|null
 177          */
 178         private static $grammarTransformations;
 179
 180         /**
 181          * Cache for language names
 182          * @var HashBagOStuff|null
 183          */
 184         private static $languageNameCache;
 185
 186         /**
 187          * Unicode directional formatting characters, for embedBidi()
 188          */
 189         private static $lre = "\u{202A}"; // U+202A LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING
 190         private static $rle = "\u{202B}"; // U+202B RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING
 191         private static $pdf = "\u{202C}"; // U+202C POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
 192
 193         /**
 194          * Directionality test regex for embedBidi(). Matches the first strong directionality codepoint:
 195          * - in group 1 if it is LTR
 196          * - in group 2 if it is RTL
 197          * Does not match if there is no strong directionality codepoint.
 198          *
 199          * The form is '/(?:([strong ltr codepoint])|([strong rtl codepoint]))/u' .
 200          *
 201          * Generated by UnicodeJS (see tools/strongDir) from the UCD; see
 202          * https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/diffusion/GUJS/ .
 203          */
 204         // @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
 205         // phpcs:ignore Generic.Files.LineLength
 206         private static $strongDirRegex = 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 207         // @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
 208
 209         /**
 210          * Get a cached or new language object for a given language code
 211          * @param string $code
 212          * @throws MWException
 213          * @return Language
 214          */
 215         static function factory( $code ) {
 216                 global $wgDummyLanguageCodes, $wgLangObjCacheSize;
 217
 218                 if ( isset( $wgDummyLanguageCodes[$code] ) ) {
 219                         $code = $wgDummyLanguageCodes[$code];
 220                 }
 221
 222                 // get the language object to process
 223                 $langObj = self::$mLangObjCache[$code] ?? self::newFromCode( $code );
 224
 225                 // merge the language object in to get it up front in the cache
 226                 self::$mLangObjCache = array_merge( [ $code => $langObj ], self::$mLangObjCache );
 227                 // get rid of the oldest ones in case we have an overflow
 228                 self::$mLangObjCache = array_slice( self::$mLangObjCache, 0, $wgLangObjCacheSize, true );
 229
 230                 return $langObj;
 231         }
 232
 233         /**
 234          * Create a language object for a given language code
 235          * @param string $code
 236          * @param bool $fallback Whether we're going through language fallback chain
 237          * @throws MWException
 238          * @return Language
 239          */
 240         protected static function newFromCode( $code, $fallback = false ) {
 241                 if ( !self::isValidCode( $code ) ) {
 242                         throw new MWException( "Invalid language code \"$code\"" );
 243                 }
 244
 245                 if ( !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $code ) ) {
 246                         // It's not possible to customise this code with class files, so
 247                         // just return a Language object. This is to support uselang= hacks.
 248                         $lang = new Language;
 249                         $lang->mCode = $code;
 250                         return $lang;
 251                 }
 252
 253                 // Check if there is a language class for the code
 254                 $class = self::classFromCode( $code, $fallback );
 255                 // LanguageCode does not inherit Language
 256                 if ( class_exists( $class ) && is_a( $class, 'Language', true ) ) {
 257                         $lang = new $class;
 258                         return $lang;
 259                 }
 260
 261                 // Keep trying the fallback list until we find an existing class
 262                 $fallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $code );
 263                 foreach ( $fallbacks as $fallbackCode ) {
 264                         if ( !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $fallbackCode ) ) {
 265                                 throw new MWException( "Invalid fallback '$fallbackCode' in fallback sequence for '$code'" );
 266                         }
 267
 268                         $class = self::classFromCode( $fallbackCode );
 269                         if ( class_exists( $class ) ) {
 270                                 $lang = new $class;
 271                                 $lang->mCode = $code;
 272                                 return $lang;
 273                         }
 274                 }
 275
 276                 throw new MWException( "Invalid fallback sequence for language '$code'" );
 277         }
 278
 279         /**
 280          * Intended for tests that may change configuration in a way that invalidates caches.
 281          *
 282          * @since 1.32
 283          */
 284         public static function clearCaches() {
 285                 if ( !defined( 'MW_PHPUNIT_TEST' ) ) {
 286                         throw new MWException( __METHOD__ . ' must not be used outside tests' );
 287                 }
 288                 self::$dataCache = null;
 289                 // Reinitialize $dataCache, since it's expected to always be available
 290                 self::getLocalisationCache();
 291                 self::$mLangObjCache = [];
 292                 self::$fallbackLanguageCache = [];
 293                 self::$grammarTransformations = null;
 294                 self::$languageNameCache = null;
 295         }
 296
 297         /**
 298          * Checks whether any localisation is available for that language tag
 299          * in MediaWiki (MessagesXx.php exists).
 300          *
 301          * @param string $code Language tag (in lower case)
 302          * @return bool Whether language is supported
 303          * @since 1.21
 304          */
 305         public static function isSupportedLanguage( $code ) {
 306                 if ( !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $code ) ) {
 307                         return false;
 308                 }
 309
 310                 if ( $code === 'qqq' ) {
 311                         return false;
 312                 }
 313
 314                 return is_readable( self::getMessagesFileName( $code ) ) ||
 315                         is_readable( self::getJsonMessagesFileName( $code ) );
 316         }
 317
 318         /**
 319          * Returns true if a language code string is a well-formed language tag
 320          * according to RFC 5646.
 321          * This function only checks well-formedness; it doesn't check that
 322          * language, script or variant codes actually exist in the repositories.
 323          *
 324          * Based on regexes by Mark Davis of the Unicode Consortium:
 325          * https://www.unicode.org/repos/cldr/trunk/tools/java/org/unicode/cldr/util/data/langtagRegex.txt
 326          *
 327          * @param string $code
 328          * @param bool $lenient Whether to allow '_' as separator. The default is only '-'.
 329          *
 330          * @return bool
 331          * @since 1.21
 332          */
 333         public static function isWellFormedLanguageTag( $code, $lenient = false ) {
 334                 $alpha = '[a-z]';
 335                 $digit = '[0-9]';
 336                 $alphanum = '[a-z0-9]';
 337                 $x = 'x'; # private use singleton
 338                 $singleton = '[a-wy-z]'; # other singleton
 339                 $s = $lenient ? '[-_]' : '-';
 340
 341                 $language = "$alpha{2,8}|$alpha{2,3}$s$alpha{3}";
 342                 $script = "$alpha{4}"; # ISO 15924
 343                 $region = "(?:$alpha{2}|$digit{3})"; # ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 or UN M.49
 344                 $variant = "(?:$alphanum{5,8}|$digit$alphanum{3})";
 345                 $extension = "$singleton(?:$s$alphanum{2,8})+";
 346                 $privateUse = "$x(?:$s$alphanum{1,8})+";
 347
 348                 # Define certain grandfathered codes, since otherwise the regex is pretty useless.
 349                 # Since these are limited, this is safe even later changes to the registry --
 350                 # the only oddity is that it might change the type of the tag, and thus
 351                 # the results from the capturing groups.
 352                 # https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
 353
 354                 $grandfathered = "en{$s}GB{$s}oed"
 355                         . "|i{$s}(?:ami|bnn|default|enochian|hak|klingon|lux|mingo|navajo|pwn|tao|tay|tsu)"
 356                         . "|no{$s}(?:bok|nyn)"
 357                         . "|sgn{$s}(?:BE{$s}(?:fr|nl)|CH{$s}de)"
 358                         . "|zh{$s}min{$s}nan";
 359
 360                 $variantList = "$variant(?:$s$variant)*";
 361                 $extensionList = "$extension(?:$s$extension)*";
 362
 363                 $langtag = "(?:($language)"
 364                         . "(?:$s$script)?"
 365                         . "(?:$s$region)?"
 366                         . "(?:$s$variantList)?"
 367                         . "(?:$s$extensionList)?"
 368                         . "(?:$s$privateUse)?)";
 369
 370                 # The final breakdown, with capturing groups for each of these components
 371                 # The variants, extensions, grandfathered, and private-use may have interior '-'
 372
 373                 $root = "^(?:$langtag|$privateUse|$grandfathered)$";
 374
 375                 return (bool)preg_match( "/$root/", strtolower( $code ) );
 376         }
 377
 378         /**
 379          * Returns true if a language code string is of a valid form, whether or
 380          * not it exists. This includes codes which are used solely for
 381          * customisation via the MediaWiki namespace.
 382          *
 383          * @param string $code
 384          *
 385          * @return bool
 386          */
 387         public static function isValidCode( $code ) {
 388                 static $cache = [];
 389                 Assert::parameterType( 'string', $code, '$code' );
 390                 if ( !isset( $cache[$code] ) ) {
 391                         // People think language codes are html safe, so enforce it.
 392                         // Ideally we should only allow a-zA-Z0-9-
 393                         // but, .+ and other chars are often used for {{int:}} hacks
 394                         // see bugs T39564, T39587, T38938
 395                         $cache[$code] =
 396                                 // Protect against path traversal
 397                                 strcspn( $code, ":/\\\000&<>'\"" ) === strlen( $code )
 398                                 && !preg_match( MediaWikiTitleCodec::getTitleInvalidRegex(), $code );
 399                 }
 400                 return $cache[$code];
 401         }
 402
 403         /**
 404          * Returns true if a language code is of a valid form for the purposes of
 405          * internal customisation of MediaWiki, via Messages*.php or *.json.
 406          *
 407          * @param string $code
 408          *
 409          * @since 1.18
 410          * @return bool
 411          */
 412         public static function isValidBuiltInCode( $code ) {
 413                 Assert::parameterType( 'string', $code, '$code' );
 414
 415                 return (bool)preg_match( '/^[a-z0-9-]{2,}$/', $code );
 416         }
 417
 418         /**
 419          * Returns true if a language code is an IETF tag known to MediaWiki.
 420          *
 421          * @param string $tag
 422          *
 423          * @since 1.21
 424          * @return bool
 425          */
 426         public static function isKnownLanguageTag( $tag ) {
 427                 // Quick escape for invalid input to avoid exceptions down the line
 428                 // when code tries to process tags which are not valid at all.
 429                 if ( !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $tag ) ) {
 430                         return false;
 431                 }
 432
 433                 if ( isset( MediaWiki\Languages\Data\Names::$names[$tag] )
 434                         || self::fetchLanguageName( $tag, $tag ) !== ''
 435                 ) {
 436                         return true;
 437                 }
 438
 439                 return false;
 440         }
 441
 442         /**
 443          * Get the LocalisationCache instance
 444          *
 445          * @return LocalisationCache
 446          */
 447         public static function getLocalisationCache() {
 448                 if ( is_null( self::$dataCache ) ) {
 449                         global $wgLocalisationCacheConf;
 450                         $class = $wgLocalisationCacheConf['class'];
 451                         self::$dataCache = new $class( $wgLocalisationCacheConf );
 452                 }
 453                 return self::$dataCache;
 454         }
 455
 456         function __construct() {
 457                 $this->mConverter = new FakeConverter( $this );
 458                 // Set the code to the name of the descendant
 459                 if ( static::class === 'Language' ) {
 460                         $this->mCode = 'en';
 461                 } else {
 462                         $this->mCode = str_replace( '_', '-', strtolower( substr( static::class, 8 ) ) );
 463                 }
 464                 self::getLocalisationCache();
 465         }
 466
 467         /**
 468          * Reduce memory usage
 469          */
 470         function __destruct() {
 471                 foreach ( $this as $name => $value ) {
 472                         unset( $this->$name );
 473                 }
 474         }
 475
 476         /**
 477          * Hook which will be called if this is the content language.
 478          * Descendants can use this to register hook functions or modify globals
 479          */
 480         function initContLang() {
 481         }
 482
 483         /**
 484          * @return array
 485          * @since 1.19
 486          */
 487         public function getFallbackLanguages() {
 488                 return self::getFallbacksFor( $this->mCode );
 489         }
 490
 491         /**
 492          * Exports $wgBookstoreListEn
 493          * @return array
 494          */
 495         public function getBookstoreList() {
 496                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'bookstoreList' );
 497         }
 498
 499         /**
 500          * Returns an array of localised namespaces indexed by their numbers. If the namespace is not
 501          * available in localised form, it will be included in English.
 502          *
 503          * @return string[] List of localized namespace names, indexed by numeric namespace ID.
 504          */
 505         public function getNamespaces() {
 506                 if ( is_null( $this->namespaceNames ) ) {
 507                         global $wgMetaNamespace, $wgMetaNamespaceTalk, $wgExtraNamespaces;
 508
 509                         $validNamespaces = MWNamespace::getCanonicalNamespaces();
 510
 511                         $this->namespaceNames = $wgExtraNamespaces +
 512                                 self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'namespaceNames' );
 513                         $this->namespaceNames += $validNamespaces;
 514
 515                         $this->namespaceNames[NS_PROJECT] = $wgMetaNamespace;
 516                         if ( $wgMetaNamespaceTalk ) {
 517                                 $this->namespaceNames[NS_PROJECT_TALK] = $wgMetaNamespaceTalk;
 518                         } else {
 519                                 $talk = $this->namespaceNames[NS_PROJECT_TALK];
 520                                 $this->namespaceNames[NS_PROJECT_TALK] =
 521                                         $this->fixVariableInNamespace( $talk );
 522                         }
 523
 524                         # Sometimes a language will be localised but not actually exist on this wiki.
 525                         foreach ( $this->namespaceNames as $key => $text ) {
 526                                 if ( !isset( $validNamespaces[$key] ) ) {
 527                                         unset( $this->namespaceNames[$key] );
 528                                 }
 529                         }
 530
 531                         # The above mixing may leave namespaces out of canonical order.
 532                         # Re-order by namespace ID number...
 533                         ksort( $this->namespaceNames );
 534
 535                         Hooks::run( 'LanguageGetNamespaces', [ &$this->namespaceNames ] );
 536                 }
 537
 538                 return $this->namespaceNames;
 539         }
 540
 541         /**
 542          * Arbitrarily set all of the namespace names at once. Mainly used for testing
 543          * @param array $namespaces Array of namespaces (id => name)
 544          */
 545         public function setNamespaces( array $namespaces ) {
 546                 $this->namespaceNames = $namespaces;
 547                 $this->mNamespaceIds = null;
 548         }
 549
 550         /**
 551          * Resets all of the namespace caches. Mainly used for testing
 552          */
 553         public function resetNamespaces() {
 554                 $this->namespaceNames = null;
 555                 $this->mNamespaceIds = null;
 556                 $this->namespaceAliases = null;
 557         }
 558
 559         /**
 560          * A convenience function that returns getNamespaces() with spaces instead of underscores
 561          * in values. Useful for producing output to be displayed e.g. in `<select>` forms.
 562          *
 563          * @return array
 564          */
 565         public function getFormattedNamespaces() {
 566                 $ns = $this->getNamespaces();
 567                 foreach ( $ns as $k => $v ) {
 568                         $ns[$k] = strtr( $v, '_', ' ' );
 569                 }
 570                 return $ns;
 571         }
 572
 573         /**
 574          * Get a namespace value by key
 575          *
 576          * <code>
 577          * $mw_ns = $lang->getNsText( NS_MEDIAWIKI );
 578          * echo $mw_ns; // prints 'MediaWiki'
 579          * </code>
 580          *
 581          * @param int $index The array key of the namespace to return
 582          * @return string|bool String if the namespace value exists, otherwise false
 583          */
 584         public function getNsText( $index ) {
 585                 $ns = $this->getNamespaces();
 586                 return $ns[$index] ?? false;
 587         }
 588
 589         /**
 590          * A convenience function that returns the same thing as
 591          * getNsText() except with '_' changed to ' ', useful for
 592          * producing output.
 593          *
 594          * <code>
 595          * $mw_ns = $lang->getFormattedNsText( NS_MEDIAWIKI_TALK );
 596          * echo $mw_ns; // prints 'MediaWiki talk'
 597          * </code>
 598          *
 599          * @param int $index The array key of the namespace to return
 600          * @return string Namespace name without underscores (empty string if namespace does not exist)
 601          */
 602         public function getFormattedNsText( $index ) {
 603                 $ns = $this->getNsText( $index );
 604                 return strtr( $ns, '_', ' ' );
 605         }
 606
 607         /**
 608          * Returns gender-dependent namespace alias if available.
 609          * See https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:$wgExtraGenderNamespaces
 610          * @param int $index Namespace index
 611          * @param string $gender Gender key (male, female... )
 612          * @return string
 613          * @since 1.18
 614          */
 615         public function getGenderNsText( $index, $gender ) {
 616                 global $wgExtraGenderNamespaces;
 617
 618                 $ns = $wgExtraGenderNamespaces +
 619                         (array)self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'namespaceGenderAliases' );
 620
 621                 return $ns[$index][$gender] ?? $this->getNsText( $index );
 622         }
 623
 624         /**
 625          * Whether this language uses gender-dependent namespace aliases.
 626          * See https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:$wgExtraGenderNamespaces
 627          * @return bool
 628          * @since 1.18
 629          */
 630         public function needsGenderDistinction() {
 631                 global $wgExtraGenderNamespaces, $wgExtraNamespaces;
 632                 if ( count( $wgExtraGenderNamespaces ) > 0 ) {
 633                         // $wgExtraGenderNamespaces overrides everything
 634                         return true;
 635                 } elseif ( isset( $wgExtraNamespaces[NS_USER] ) && isset( $wgExtraNamespaces[NS_USER_TALK] ) ) {
 636                         /// @todo There may be other gender namespace than NS_USER & NS_USER_TALK in the future
 637                         // $wgExtraNamespaces overrides any gender aliases specified in i18n files
 638                         return false;
 639                 } else {
 640                         // Check what is in i18n files
 641                         $aliases = self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'namespaceGenderAliases' );
 642                         return count( $aliases ) > 0;
 643                 }
 644         }
 645
 646         /**
 647          * Get a namespace key by value, case insensitive.
 648          * Only matches namespace names for the current language, not the
 649          * canonical ones defined in Namespace.php.
 650          *
 651          * @param string $text
 652          * @return int|bool An integer if $text is a valid value otherwise false
 653          */
 654         function getLocalNsIndex( $text ) {
 655                 $lctext = $this->lc( $text );
 656                 $ids = $this->getNamespaceIds();
 657                 return $ids[$lctext] ?? false;
 658         }
 659
 660         /**
 661          * @return array
 662          */
 663         public function getNamespaceAliases() {
 664                 if ( is_null( $this->namespaceAliases ) ) {
 665                         $aliases = self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'namespaceAliases' );
 666                         if ( !$aliases ) {
 667                                 $aliases = [];
 668                         } else {
 669                                 foreach ( $aliases as $name => $index ) {
 670                                         if ( $index === NS_PROJECT_TALK ) {
 671                                                 unset( $aliases[$name] );
 672                                                 $name = $this->fixVariableInNamespace( $name );
 673                                                 $aliases[$name] = $index;
 674                                         }
 675                                 }
 676                         }
 677
 678                         global $wgExtraGenderNamespaces;
 679                         $genders = $wgExtraGenderNamespaces +
 680                                 (array)self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'namespaceGenderAliases' );
 681                         foreach ( $genders as $index => $forms ) {
 682                                 foreach ( $forms as $alias ) {
 683                                         $aliases[$alias] = $index;
 684                                 }
 685                         }
 686
 687                         # Also add converted namespace names as aliases, to avoid confusion.
 688                         $convertedNames = [];
 689                         foreach ( $this->getVariants() as $variant ) {
 690                                 if ( $variant === $this->mCode ) {
 691                                         continue;
 692                                 }
 693                                 foreach ( $this->getNamespaces() as $ns => $_ ) {
 694                                         $convertedNames[$this->getConverter()->convertNamespace( $ns, $variant )] = $ns;
 695                                 }
 696                         }
 697
 698                         $this->namespaceAliases = $aliases + $convertedNames;
 699
 700                         # Filter out aliases to namespaces that don't exist, e.g. from extensions
 701                         # that aren't loaded here but are included in the l10n cache.
 702                         # (array_intersect preserves keys from its first argument)
 703                         $this->namespaceAliases = array_intersect(
 704                                 $this->namespaceAliases,
 705                                 array_keys( $this->getNamespaces() )
 706                         );
 707                 }
 708
 709                 return $this->namespaceAliases;
 710         }
 711
 712         /**
 713          * @return array
 714          */
 715         public function getNamespaceIds() {
 716                 if ( is_null( $this->mNamespaceIds ) ) {
 717                         global $wgNamespaceAliases;
 718                         # Put namespace names and aliases into a hashtable.
 719                         # If this is too slow, then we should arrange it so that it is done
 720                         # before caching. The catch is that at pre-cache time, the above
 721                         # class-specific fixup hasn't been done.
 722                         $this->mNamespaceIds = [];
 723                         foreach ( $this->getNamespaces() as $index => $name ) {
 724                                 $this->mNamespaceIds[$this->lc( $name )] = $index;
 725                         }
 726                         foreach ( $this->getNamespaceAliases() as $name => $index ) {
 727                                 $this->mNamespaceIds[$this->lc( $name )] = $index;
 728                         }
 729                         if ( $wgNamespaceAliases ) {
 730                                 foreach ( $wgNamespaceAliases as $name => $index ) {
 731                                         $this->mNamespaceIds[$this->lc( $name )] = $index;
 732                                 }
 733                         }
 734                 }
 735                 return $this->mNamespaceIds;
 736         }
 737
 738         /**
 739          * Get a namespace key by value, case insensitive.  Canonical namespace
 740          * names override custom ones defined for the current language.
 741          *
 742          * @param string $text
 743          * @return int|bool An integer if $text is a valid value otherwise false
 744          */
 745         public function getNsIndex( $text ) {
 746                 $lctext = $this->lc( $text );
 747                 $ns = MWNamespace::getCanonicalIndex( $lctext );
 748                 if ( $ns !== null ) {
 749                         return $ns;
 750                 }
 751                 $ids = $this->getNamespaceIds();
 752                 return $ids[$lctext] ?? false;
 753         }
 754
 755         /**
 756          * short names for language variants used for language conversion links.
 757          *
 758          * @param string $code
 759          * @param bool $usemsg Use the "variantname-xyz" message if it exists
 760          * @return string
 761          */
 762         public function getVariantname( $code, $usemsg = true ) {
 763                 $msg = "variantname-$code";
 764                 if ( $usemsg && wfMessage( $msg )->exists() ) {
 765                         return $this->getMessageFromDB( $msg );
 766                 }
 767                 $name = self::fetchLanguageName( $code );
 768                 if ( $name ) {
 769                         return $name; # if it's defined as a language name, show that
 770                 } else {
 771                         # otherwise, output the language code
 772                         return $code;
 773                 }
 774         }
 775
 776         /**
 777          * @return string[]|bool List of date format preference keys, or false if disabled.
 778          */
 779         public function getDatePreferences() {
 780                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'datePreferences' );
 781         }
 782
 783         /**
 784          * @return array
 785          */
 786         function getDateFormats() {
 787                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'dateFormats' );
 788         }
 789
 790         /**
 791          * @return array|string
 792          */
 793         public function getDefaultDateFormat() {
 794                 $df = self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'defaultDateFormat' );
 795                 if ( $df === 'dmy or mdy' ) {
 796                         global $wgAmericanDates;
 797                         return $wgAmericanDates ? 'mdy' : 'dmy';
 798                 } else {
 799                         return $df;
 800                 }
 801         }
 802
 803         /**
 804          * @return array
 805          */
 806         public function getDatePreferenceMigrationMap() {
 807                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'datePreferenceMigrationMap' );
 808         }
 809
 810         /**
 811          * @return array
 812          */
 813         public function getExtraUserToggles() {
 814                 return (array)self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'extraUserToggles' );
 815         }
 816
 817         /**
 818          * @param string $tog
 819          * @return string
 820          */
 821         function getUserToggle( $tog ) {
 822                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( "tog-$tog" );
 823         }
 824
 825         /**
 826          * Get an array of language names, indexed by code.
 827          * @param null|string $inLanguage Code of language in which to return the names
 828          *              Use self::AS_AUTONYMS for autonyms (native names)
 829          * @param string $include One of:
 830          *              self::ALL all available languages
 831          *              'mw' only if the language is defined in MediaWiki or wgExtraLanguageNames (default)
 832          *              self::SUPPORTED only if the language is in 'mw' *and* has a message file
 833          * @return array Language code => language name (sorted by key)
 834          * @since 1.20
 835          */
 836         public static function fetchLanguageNames( $inLanguage = self::AS_AUTONYMS, $include = 'mw' ) {
 837                 $cacheKey = $inLanguage === self::AS_AUTONYMS ? 'null' : $inLanguage;
 838                 $cacheKey .= ":$include";
 839                 if ( self::$languageNameCache === null ) {
 840                         self::$languageNameCache = new HashBagOStuff( [ 'maxKeys' => 20 ] );
 841                 }
 842
 843                 $ret = self::$languageNameCache->get( $cacheKey );
 844                 if ( !$ret ) {
 845                         $ret = self::fetchLanguageNamesUncached( $inLanguage, $include );
 846                         self::$languageNameCache->set( $cacheKey, $ret );
 847                 }
 848                 return $ret;
 849         }
 850
 851         /**
 852          * Uncached helper for fetchLanguageNames
 853          * @param null|string $inLanguage Code of language in which to return the names
 854          *              Use self::AS_AUTONYMS for autonyms (native names)
 855          * @param string $include One of:
 856          *              self::ALL all available languages
 857          *              'mw' only if the language is defined in MediaWiki or wgExtraLanguageNames (default)
 858          *              self::SUPPORTED only if the language is in 'mw' *and* has a message file
 859          * @return array Language code => language name (sorted by key)
 860          */
 861         private static function fetchLanguageNamesUncached(
 862                 $inLanguage = self::AS_AUTONYMS,
 863                 $include = 'mw'
 864         ) {
 865                 global $wgExtraLanguageNames, $wgUsePigLatinVariant;
 866
 867                 // If passed an invalid language code to use, fallback to en
 868                 if ( $inLanguage !== self::AS_AUTONYMS && !self::isValidCode( $inLanguage ) ) {
 869                         $inLanguage = 'en';
 870                 }
 871
 872                 $names = [];
 873
 874                 if ( $inLanguage ) {
 875                         # TODO: also include when $inLanguage is null, when this code is more efficient
 876                         Hooks::run( 'LanguageGetTranslatedLanguageNames', [ &$names, $inLanguage ] );
 877                 }
 878
 879                 $mwNames = $wgExtraLanguageNames + MediaWiki\Languages\Data\Names::$names;
 880                 if ( $wgUsePigLatinVariant ) {
 881                         // Pig Latin (for variant development)
 882                         $mwNames['en-x-piglatin'] = 'Igpay Atinlay';
 883                 }
 884
 885                 foreach ( $mwNames as $mwCode => $mwName ) {
 886                         # - Prefer own MediaWiki native name when not using the hook
 887                         # - For other names just add if not added through the hook
 888                         if ( $mwCode === $inLanguage || !isset( $names[$mwCode] ) ) {
 889                                 $names[$mwCode] = $mwName;
 890                         }
 891                 }
 892
 893                 if ( $include === self::ALL ) {
 894                         ksort( $names );
 895                         return $names;
 896                 }
 897
 898                 $returnMw = [];
 899                 $coreCodes = array_keys( $mwNames );
 900                 foreach ( $coreCodes as $coreCode ) {
 901                         $returnMw[$coreCode] = $names[$coreCode];
 902                 }
 903
 904                 if ( $include === self::SUPPORTED ) {
 905                         $namesMwFile = [];
 906                         # We do this using a foreach over the codes instead of a directory
 907                         # loop so that messages files in extensions will work correctly.
 908                         foreach ( $returnMw as $code => $value ) {
 909                                 if ( is_readable( self::getMessagesFileName( $code ) )
 910                                         || is_readable( self::getJsonMessagesFileName( $code ) )
 911                                 ) {
 912                                         $namesMwFile[$code] = $names[$code];
 913                                 }
 914                         }
 915
 916                         ksort( $namesMwFile );
 917                         return $namesMwFile;
 918                 }
 919
 920                 ksort( $returnMw );
 921                 # 'mw' option; default if it's not one of the other two options (all/mwfile)
 922                 return $returnMw;
 923         }
 924
 925         /**
 926          * @param string $code The code of the language for which to get the name
 927          * @param null|string $inLanguage Code of language in which to return the name
 928          *   (SELF::AS_AUTONYMS for autonyms)
 929          * @param string $include See fetchLanguageNames()
 930          * @return string Language name or empty
 931          * @since 1.20
 932          */
 933         public static function fetchLanguageName(
 934                 $code,
 935                 $inLanguage = self::AS_AUTONYMS,
 936                 $include = self::ALL
 937         ) {
 938                 $code = strtolower( $code );
 939                 $array = self::fetchLanguageNames( $inLanguage, $include );
 940                 return !array_key_exists( $code, $array ) ? '' : $array[$code];
 941         }
 942
 943         /**
 944          * Get a message from the MediaWiki namespace.
 945          *
 946          * @param string $msg Message name
 947          * @return string
 948          */
 949         public function getMessageFromDB( $msg ) {
 950                 return $this->msg( $msg )->text();
 951         }
 952
 953         /**
 954          * Get message object in this language. Only for use inside this class.
 955          *
 956          * @param string $msg Message name
 957          * @return Message
 958          */
 959         protected function msg( $msg ) {
 960                 return wfMessage( $msg )->inLanguage( $this );
 961         }
 962
 963         /**
 964          * @param string $key
 965          * @return string
 966          */
 967         public function getMonthName( $key ) {
 968                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mMonthMsgs[$key - 1] );
 969         }
 970
 971         /**
 972          * @return array
 973          */
 974         public function getMonthNamesArray() {
 975                 $monthNames = [ '' ];
 976                 for ( $i = 1; $i < 13; $i++ ) {
 977                         $monthNames[] = $this->getMonthName( $i );
 978                 }
 979                 return $monthNames;
 980         }
 981
 982         /**
 983          * @param string $key
 984          * @return string
 985          */
 986         public function getMonthNameGen( $key ) {
 987                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mMonthGenMsgs[$key - 1] );
 988         }
 989
 990         /**
 991          * @param string $key
 992          * @return string
 993          */
 994         public function getMonthAbbreviation( $key ) {
 995                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mMonthAbbrevMsgs[$key - 1] );
 996         }
 997
 998         /**
 999          * @return array
1000          */
1001         public function getMonthAbbreviationsArray() {
1002                 $monthNames = [ '' ];
1003                 for ( $i = 1; $i < 13; $i++ ) {
1004                         $monthNames[] = $this->getMonthAbbreviation( $i );
1005                 }
1006                 return $monthNames;
1007         }
1008
1009         /**
1010          * @param string $key
1011          * @return string
1012          */
1013         public function getWeekdayName( $key ) {
1014                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mWeekdayMsgs[$key - 1] );
1015         }
1016
1017         /**
1018          * @param string $key
1019          * @return string
1020          */
1021         function getWeekdayAbbreviation( $key ) {
1022                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mWeekdayAbbrevMsgs[$key - 1] );
1023         }
1024
1025         /**
1026          * @param string $key
1027          * @return string
1028          */
1029         function getIranianCalendarMonthName( $key ) {
1030                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mIranianCalendarMonthMsgs[$key - 1] );
1031         }
1032
1033         /**
1034          * @param string $key
1035          * @return string
1036          */
1037         function getHebrewCalendarMonthName( $key ) {
1038                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mHebrewCalendarMonthMsgs[$key - 1] );
1039         }
1040
1041         /**
1042          * @param string $key
1043          * @return string
1044          */
1045         function getHebrewCalendarMonthNameGen( $key ) {
1046                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mHebrewCalendarMonthGenMsgs[$key - 1] );
1047         }
1048
1049         /**
1050          * @param string $key
1051          * @return string
1052          */
1053         function getHijriCalendarMonthName( $key ) {
1054                 return $this->getMessageFromDB( self::$mHijriCalendarMonthMsgs[$key - 1] );
1055         }
1056
1057         /**
1058          * Pass through result from $dateTimeObj->format()
1059          * @param DateTime|bool|null &$dateTimeObj
1060          * @param string $ts
1061          * @param DateTimeZone|bool|null $zone
1062          * @param string $code
1063          * @return string
1064          */
1065         private static function dateTimeObjFormat( &$dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code ) {
1066                 if ( !$dateTimeObj ) {
1067                         $dateTimeObj = DateTime::createFromFormat(
1068                                 'YmdHis', $ts, $zone ?: new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' )
1069                         );
1070                 }
1071                 return $dateTimeObj->format( $code );
1072         }
1073
1074         /**
1075          * This is a workalike of PHP's date() function, but with better
1076          * internationalisation, a reduced set of format characters, and a better
1077          * escaping format.
1078          *
1079          * Supported format characters are dDjlNwzWFmMntLoYyaAgGhHiscrUeIOPTZ. See
1080          * the PHP manual for definitions. There are a number of extensions, which
1081          * start with "x":
1082          *
1083          *    xn   Do not translate digits of the next numeric format character
1084          *    xN   Toggle raw digit (xn) flag, stays set until explicitly unset
1085          *    xr   Use roman numerals for the next numeric format character
1086          *    xh   Use hebrew numerals for the next numeric format character
1087          *    xx   Literal x
1088          *    xg   Genitive month name
1089          *
1090          *    xij  j (day number) in Iranian calendar
1091          *    xiF  F (month name) in Iranian calendar
1092          *    xin  n (month number) in Iranian calendar
1093          *    xiy  y (two digit year) in Iranian calendar
1094          *    xiY  Y (full year) in Iranian calendar
1095          *    xit  t (days in month) in Iranian calendar
1096          *    xiz  z (day of the year) in Iranian calendar
1097          *
1098          *    xjj  j (day number) in Hebrew calendar
1099          *    xjF  F (month name) in Hebrew calendar
1100          *    xjt  t (days in month) in Hebrew calendar
1101          *    xjx  xg (genitive month name) in Hebrew calendar
1102          *    xjn  n (month number) in Hebrew calendar
1103          *    xjY  Y (full year) in Hebrew calendar
1104          *
1105          *    xmj  j (day number) in Hijri calendar
1106          *    xmF  F (month name) in Hijri calendar
1107          *    xmn  n (month number) in Hijri calendar
1108          *    xmY  Y (full year) in Hijri calendar
1109          *
1110          *    xkY  Y (full year) in Thai solar calendar. Months and days are
1111          *                       identical to the Gregorian calendar
1112          *    xoY  Y (full year) in Minguo calendar or Juche year.
1113          *                       Months and days are identical to the
1114          *                       Gregorian calendar
1115          *    xtY  Y (full year) in Japanese nengo. Months and days are
1116          *                       identical to the Gregorian calendar
1117          *
1118          * Characters enclosed in double quotes will be considered literal (with
1119          * the quotes themselves removed). Unmatched quotes will be considered
1120          * literal quotes. Example:
1121          *
1122          * "The month is" F       => The month is January
1123          * i's"                   => 20'11"
1124          *
1125          * Backslash escaping is also supported.
1126          *
1127          * Input timestamp is assumed to be pre-normalized to the desired local
1128          * time zone, if any. Note that the format characters crUeIOPTZ will assume
1129          * $ts is UTC if $zone is not given.
1130          *
1131          * @param string $format
1132          * @param string $ts 14-character timestamp
1133          *      YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1134          *      01234567890123
1135          * @param DateTimeZone|null $zone Timezone of $ts
1136          * @param int &$ttl The amount of time (in seconds) the output may be cached for.
1137          * Only makes sense if $ts is the current time.
1138          * @todo handling of "o" format character for Iranian, Hebrew, Hijri & Thai?
1139          *
1140          * @throws MWException
1141          * @return string
1142          */
1143         public function sprintfDate( $format, $ts, DateTimeZone $zone = null, &$ttl = 'unused' ) {
1144                 $s = '';
1145                 $raw = false;
1146                 $roman = false;
1147                 $hebrewNum = false;
1148                 $dateTimeObj = false;
1149                 $rawToggle = false;
1150                 $iranian = false;
1151                 $hebrew = false;
1152                 $hijri = false;
1153                 $thai = false;
1154                 $minguo = false;
1155                 $tenno = false;
1156
1157                 $usedSecond = false;
1158                 $usedMinute = false;
1159                 $usedHour = false;
1160                 $usedAMPM = false;
1161                 $usedDay = false;
1162                 $usedWeek = false;
1163                 $usedMonth = false;
1164                 $usedYear = false;
1165                 $usedISOYear = false;
1166                 $usedIsLeapYear = false;
1167
1168                 $usedHebrewMonth = false;
1169                 $usedIranianMonth = false;
1170                 $usedHijriMonth = false;
1171                 $usedHebrewYear = false;
1172                 $usedIranianYear = false;
1173                 $usedHijriYear = false;
1174                 $usedTennoYear = false;
1175
1176                 if ( strlen( $ts ) !== 14 ) {
1177                         throw new MWException( __METHOD__ . ": The timestamp $ts should have 14 characters" );
1178                 }
1179
1180                 if ( !ctype_digit( $ts ) ) {
1181                         throw new MWException( __METHOD__ . ": The timestamp $ts should be a number" );
1182                 }
1183
1184                 $formatLength = strlen( $format );
1185                 for ( $p = 0; $p < $formatLength; $p++ ) {
1186                         $num = false;
1187                         $code = $format[$p];
1188                         if ( $code == 'x' && $p < $formatLength - 1 ) {
1189                                 $code .= $format[++$p];
1190                         }
1191
1192                         if ( ( $code === 'xi'
1193                                         || $code === 'xj'
1194                                         || $code === 'xk'
1195                                         || $code === 'xm'
1196                                         || $code === 'xo'
1197                                         || $code === 'xt' )
1198                                 && $p < $formatLength - 1 ) {
1199                                 $code .= $format[++$p];
1200                         }
1201
1202                         switch ( $code ) {
1203                                 case 'xx':
1204                                         $s .= 'x';
1205                                         break;
1206                                 case 'xn':
1207                                         $raw = true;
1208                                         break;
1209                                 case 'xN':
1210                                         $rawToggle = !$rawToggle;
1211                                         break;
1212                                 case 'xr':
1213                                         $roman = true;
1214                                         break;
1215                                 case 'xh':
1216                                         $hebrewNum = true;
1217                                         break;
1218                                 case 'xg':
1219                                         $usedMonth = true;
1220                                         $s .= $this->getMonthNameGen( substr( $ts, 4, 2 ) );
1221                                         break;
1222                                 case 'xjx':
1223                                         $usedHebrewMonth = true;
1224                                         if ( !$hebrew ) {
1225                                                 $hebrew = self::tsToHebrew( $ts );
1226                                         }
1227                                         $s .= $this->getHebrewCalendarMonthNameGen( $hebrew[1] );
1228                                         break;
1229                                 case 'd':
1230                                         $usedDay = true;
1231                                         $num = substr( $ts, 6, 2 );
1232                                         break;
1233                                 case 'D':
1234                                         $usedDay = true;
1235                                         $s .= $this->getWeekdayAbbreviation(
1236                                                 self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'w' ) + 1
1237                                         );
1238                                         break;
1239                                 case 'j':
1240                                         $usedDay = true;
1241                                         $num = intval( substr( $ts, 6, 2 ) );
1242                                         break;
1243                                 case 'xij':
1244                                         $usedDay = true;
1245                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1246                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1247                                         }
1248                                         $num = $iranian[2];
1249                                         break;
1250                                 case 'xmj':
1251                                         $usedDay = true;
1252                                         if ( !$hijri ) {
1253                                                 $hijri = self::tsToHijri( $ts );
1254                                         }
1255                                         $num = $hijri[2];
1256                                         break;
1257                                 case 'xjj':
1258                                         $usedDay = true;
1259                                         if ( !$hebrew ) {
1260                                                 $hebrew = self::tsToHebrew( $ts );
1261                                         }
1262                                         $num = $hebrew[2];
1263                                         break;
1264                                 case 'l':
1265                                         $usedDay = true;
1266                                         $s .= $this->getWeekdayName(
1267                                                 self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'w' ) + 1
1268                                         );
1269                                         break;
1270                                 case 'F':
1271                                         $usedMonth = true;
1272                                         $s .= $this->getMonthName( substr( $ts, 4, 2 ) );
1273                                         break;
1274                                 case 'xiF':
1275                                         $usedIranianMonth = true;
1276                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1277                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1278                                         }
1279                                         $s .= $this->getIranianCalendarMonthName( $iranian[1] );
1280                                         break;
1281                                 case 'xmF':
1282                                         $usedHijriMonth = true;
1283                                         if ( !$hijri ) {
1284                                                 $hijri = self::tsToHijri( $ts );
1285                                         }
1286                                         $s .= $this->getHijriCalendarMonthName( $hijri[1] );
1287                                         break;
1288                                 case 'xjF':
1289                                         $usedHebrewMonth = true;
1290                                         if ( !$hebrew ) {
1291                                                 $hebrew = self::tsToHebrew( $ts );
1292                                         }
1293                                         $s .= $this->getHebrewCalendarMonthName( $hebrew[1] );
1294                                         break;
1295                                 case 'm':
1296                                         $usedMonth = true;
1297                                         $num = substr( $ts, 4, 2 );
1298                                         break;
1299                                 case 'M':
1300                                         $usedMonth = true;
1301                                         $s .= $this->getMonthAbbreviation( substr( $ts, 4, 2 ) );
1302                                         break;
1303                                 case 'n':
1304                                         $usedMonth = true;
1305                                         $num = intval( substr( $ts, 4, 2 ) );
1306                                         break;
1307                                 case 'xin':
1308                                         $usedIranianMonth = true;
1309                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1310                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1311                                         }
1312                                         $num = $iranian[1];
1313                                         break;
1314                                 case 'xmn':
1315                                         $usedHijriMonth = true;
1316                                         if ( !$hijri ) {
1317                                                 $hijri = self::tsToHijri( $ts );
1318                                         }
1319                                         $num = $hijri[1];
1320                                         break;
1321                                 case 'xjn':
1322                                         $usedHebrewMonth = true;
1323                                         if ( !$hebrew ) {
1324                                                 $hebrew = self::tsToHebrew( $ts );
1325                                         }
1326                                         $num = $hebrew[1];
1327                                         break;
1328                                 case 'xjt':
1329                                         $usedHebrewMonth = true;
1330                                         if ( !$hebrew ) {
1331                                                 $hebrew = self::tsToHebrew( $ts );
1332                                         }
1333                                         $num = $hebrew[3];
1334                                         break;
1335                                 case 'Y':
1336                                         $usedYear = true;
1337                                         $num = substr( $ts, 0, 4 );
1338                                         break;
1339                                 case 'xiY':
1340                                         $usedIranianYear = true;
1341                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1342                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1343                                         }
1344                                         $num = $iranian[0];
1345                                         break;
1346                                 case 'xmY':
1347                                         $usedHijriYear = true;
1348                                         if ( !$hijri ) {
1349                                                 $hijri = self::tsToHijri( $ts );
1350                                         }
1351                                         $num = $hijri[0];
1352                                         break;
1353                                 case 'xjY':
1354                                         $usedHebrewYear = true;
1355                                         if ( !$hebrew ) {
1356                                                 $hebrew = self::tsToHebrew( $ts );
1357                                         }
1358                                         $num = $hebrew[0];
1359                                         break;
1360                                 case 'xkY':
1361                                         $usedYear = true;
1362                                         if ( !$thai ) {
1363                                                 $thai = self::tsToYear( $ts, 'thai' );
1364                                         }
1365                                         $num = $thai[0];
1366                                         break;
1367                                 case 'xoY':
1368                                         $usedYear = true;
1369                                         if ( !$minguo ) {
1370                                                 $minguo = self::tsToYear( $ts, 'minguo' );
1371                                         }
1372                                         $num = $minguo[0];
1373                                         break;
1374                                 case 'xtY':
1375                                         $usedTennoYear = true;
1376                                         if ( !$tenno ) {
1377                                                 $tenno = self::tsToYear( $ts, 'tenno' );
1378                                         }
1379                                         $num = $tenno[0];
1380                                         break;
1381                                 case 'y':
1382                                         $usedYear = true;
1383                                         $num = substr( $ts, 2, 2 );
1384                                         break;
1385                                 case 'xiy':
1386                                         $usedIranianYear = true;
1387                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1388                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1389                                         }
1390                                         $num = substr( $iranian[0], -2 );
1391                                         break;
1392                                 case 'xit':
1393                                         $usedIranianYear = true;
1394                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1395                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1396                                         }
1397                                         $num = self::$IRANIAN_DAYS[$iranian[1] - 1];
1398                                         break;
1399                                 case 'xiz':
1400                                         $usedIranianYear = true;
1401                                         if ( !$iranian ) {
1402                                                 $iranian = self::tsToIranian( $ts );
1403                                         }
1404                                         $num = $iranian[3];
1405                                         break;
1406                                 case 'a':
1407                                         $usedAMPM = true;
1408                                         $s .= intval( substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) ) < 12 ? 'am' : 'pm';
1409                                         break;
1410                                 case 'A':
1411                                         $usedAMPM = true;
1412                                         $s .= intval( substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) ) < 12 ? 'AM' : 'PM';
1413                                         break;
1414                                 case 'g':
1415                                         $usedHour = true;
1416                                         $h = substr( $ts, 8, 2 );
1417                                         $num = $h % 12 ?: 12;
1418                                         break;
1419                                 case 'G':
1420                                         $usedHour = true;
1421                                         $num = intval( substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) );
1422                                         break;
1423                                 case 'h':
1424                                         $usedHour = true;
1425                                         $h = substr( $ts, 8, 2 );
1426                                         $num = sprintf( '%02d', $h % 12 ?: 12 );
1427                                         break;
1428                                 case 'H':
1429                                         $usedHour = true;
1430                                         $num = substr( $ts, 8, 2 );
1431                                         break;
1432                                 case 'i':
1433                                         $usedMinute = true;
1434                                         $num = substr( $ts, 10, 2 );
1435                                         break;
1436                                 case 's':
1437                                         $usedSecond = true;
1438                                         $num = substr( $ts, 12, 2 );
1439                                         break;
1440                                 case 'c':
1441                                 case 'r':
1442                                         $usedSecond = true;
1443                                         // fall through
1444                                 case 'e':
1445                                 case 'O':
1446                                 case 'P':
1447                                 case 'T':
1448                                         $s .= self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1449                                         break;
1450                                 case 'w':
1451                                 case 'N':
1452                                 case 'z':
1453                                         $usedDay = true;
1454                                         $num = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1455                                         break;
1456                                 case 'W':
1457                                         $usedWeek = true;
1458                                         $num = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1459                                         break;
1460                                 case 't':
1461                                         $usedMonth = true;
1462                                         $num = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1463                                         break;
1464                                 case 'L':
1465                                         $usedIsLeapYear = true;
1466                                         $num = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1467                                         break;
1468                                 case 'o':
1469                                         $usedISOYear = true;
1470                                         $num = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1471                                         break;
1472                                 case 'U':
1473                                         $usedSecond = true;
1474                                         // fall through
1475                                 case 'I':
1476                                 case 'Z':
1477                                         $num = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, $code );
1478                                         break;
1479                                 case '\\':
1480                                         # Backslash escaping
1481                                         if ( $p < $formatLength - 1 ) {
1482                                                 $s .= $format[++$p];
1483                                         } else {
1484                                                 $s .= '\\';
1485                                         }
1486                                         break;
1487                                 case '"':
1488                                         # Quoted literal
1489                                         if ( $p < $formatLength - 1 ) {
1490                                                 $endQuote = strpos( $format, '"', $p + 1 );
1491                                                 if ( $endQuote === false ) {
1492                                                         # No terminating quote, assume literal "
1493                                                         $s .= '"';
1494                                                 } else {
1495                                                         $s .= substr( $format, $p + 1, $endQuote - $p - 1 );
1496                                                         $p = $endQuote;
1497                                                 }
1498                                         } else {
1499                                                 # Quote at end of string, assume literal "
1500                                                 $s .= '"';
1501                                         }
1502                                         break;
1503                                 default:
1504                                         $s .= $format[$p];
1505                         }
1506                         if ( $num !== false ) {
1507                                 if ( $rawToggle || $raw ) {
1508                                         $s .= $num;
1509                                         $raw = false;
1510                                 } elseif ( $roman ) {
1511                                         $s .= self::romanNumeral( $num );
1512                                         $roman = false;
1513                                 } elseif ( $hebrewNum ) {
1514                                         $s .= self::hebrewNumeral( $num );
1515                                         $hebrewNum = false;
1516                                 } else {
1517                                         $s .= $this->formatNum( $num, true );
1518                                 }
1519                         }
1520                 }
1521
1522                 if ( $ttl === 'unused' ) {
1523                         // No need to calculate the TTL, the caller wont use it anyway.
1524                 } elseif ( $usedSecond ) {
1525                         $ttl = 1;
1526                 } elseif ( $usedMinute ) {
1527                         $ttl = 60 - substr( $ts, 12, 2 );
1528                 } elseif ( $usedHour ) {
1529                         $ttl = 3600 - substr( $ts, 10, 2 ) * 60 - substr( $ts, 12, 2 );
1530                 } elseif ( $usedAMPM ) {
1531                         $ttl = 43200 - ( substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) % 12 ) * 3600 -
1532                                 substr( $ts, 10, 2 ) * 60 - substr( $ts, 12, 2 );
1533                 } elseif (
1534                         $usedDay ||
1535                         $usedHebrewMonth ||
1536                         $usedIranianMonth ||
1537                         $usedHijriMonth ||
1538                         $usedHebrewYear ||
1539                         $usedIranianYear ||
1540                         $usedHijriYear ||
1541                         $usedTennoYear
1542                 ) {
1543                         // @todo Someone who understands the non-Gregorian calendars
1544                         // should write proper logic for them so that they don't need purged every day.
1545                         $ttl = 86400 - substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) * 3600 -
1546                                 substr( $ts, 10, 2 ) * 60 - substr( $ts, 12, 2 );
1547                 } else {
1548                         $possibleTtls = [];
1549                         $timeRemainingInDay = 86400 - substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) * 3600 -
1550                                 substr( $ts, 10, 2 ) * 60 - substr( $ts, 12, 2 );
1551                         if ( $usedWeek ) {
1552                                 $possibleTtls[] =
1553                                         ( 7 - self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'N' ) ) * 86400 +
1554                                         $timeRemainingInDay;
1555                         } elseif ( $usedISOYear ) {
1556                                 // December 28th falls on the last ISO week of the year, every year.
1557                                 // The last ISO week of a year can be 52 or 53.
1558                                 $lastWeekOfISOYear = DateTime::createFromFormat(
1559                                         'Ymd',
1560                                         substr( $ts, 0, 4 ) . '1228',
1561                                         $zone ?: new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' )
1562                                 )->format( 'W' );
1563                                 $currentISOWeek = self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'W' );
1564                                 $weeksRemaining = $lastWeekOfISOYear - $currentISOWeek;
1565                                 $timeRemainingInWeek =
1566                                         ( 7 - self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'N' ) ) * 86400
1567                                         + $timeRemainingInDay;
1568                                 $possibleTtls[] = $weeksRemaining * 604800 + $timeRemainingInWeek;
1569                         }
1570
1571                         if ( $usedMonth ) {
1572                                 $possibleTtls[] =
1573                                         ( self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 't' ) -
1574                                                 substr( $ts, 6, 2 ) ) * 86400
1575                                         + $timeRemainingInDay;
1576                         } elseif ( $usedYear ) {
1577                                 $possibleTtls[] =
1578                                         ( self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'L' ) + 364 -
1579                                                 self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'z' ) ) * 86400
1580                                         + $timeRemainingInDay;
1581                         } elseif ( $usedIsLeapYear ) {
1582                                 $year = substr( $ts, 0, 4 );
1583                                 $timeRemainingInYear =
1584                                         ( self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'L' ) + 364 -
1585                                                 self::dateTimeObjFormat( $dateTimeObj, $ts, $zone, 'z' ) ) * 86400
1586                                         + $timeRemainingInDay;
1587                                 $mod = $year % 4;
1588                                 if ( $mod || ( !( $year % 100 ) && $year % 400 ) ) {
1589                                         // this isn't a leap year. see when the next one starts
1590                                         $nextCandidate = $year - $mod + 4;
1591                                         if ( $nextCandidate % 100 || !( $nextCandidate % 400 ) ) {
1592                                                 $possibleTtls[] = ( $nextCandidate - $year - 1 ) * 365 * 86400 +
1593                                                         $timeRemainingInYear;
1594                                         } else {
1595                                                 $possibleTtls[] = ( $nextCandidate - $year + 3 ) * 365 * 86400 +
1596                                                         $timeRemainingInYear;
1597                                         }
1598                                 } else {
1599                                         // this is a leap year, so the next year isn't
1600                                         $possibleTtls[] = $timeRemainingInYear;
1601                                 }
1602                         }
1603
1604                         if ( $possibleTtls ) {
1605                                 $ttl = min( $possibleTtls );
1606                         }
1607                 }
1608
1609                 return $s;
1610         }
1611
1612         private static $GREG_DAYS = [ 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 ];
1613         private static $IRANIAN_DAYS = [ 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 29 ];
1614
1615         /**
1616          * Algorithm by Roozbeh Pournader and Mohammad Toossi to convert
1617          * Gregorian dates to Iranian dates. Originally written in C, it
1618          * is released under the terms of GNU Lesser General Public
1619          * License. Conversion to PHP was performed by Niklas Laxström.
1620          *
1621          * Link: http://www.farsiweb.info/jalali/jalali.c
1622          *
1623          * @param string $ts
1624          *
1625          * @return int[]
1626          */
1627         private static function tsToIranian( $ts ) {
1628                 $gy = substr( $ts, 0, 4 ) - 1600;
1629                 $gm = substr( $ts, 4, 2 ) - 1;
1630                 $gd = substr( $ts, 6, 2 ) - 1;
1631
1632                 # Days passed from the beginning (including leap years)
1633                 $gDayNo = 365 * $gy
1634                         + floor( ( $gy + 3 ) / 4 )
1635                         - floor( ( $gy + 99 ) / 100 )
1636                         + floor( ( $gy + 399 ) / 400 );
1637
1638                 // Add days of the past months of this year
1639                 for ( $i = 0; $i < $gm; $i++ ) {
1640                         $gDayNo += self::$GREG_DAYS[$i];
1641                 }
1642
1643                 // Leap years
1644                 if ( $gm > 1 && ( ( $gy % 4 === 0 && $gy % 100 !== 0 || ( $gy % 400 == 0 ) ) ) ) {
1645                         $gDayNo++;
1646                 }
1647
1648                 // Days passed in current month
1649                 $gDayNo += (int)$gd;
1650
1651                 $jDayNo = $gDayNo - 79;
1652
1653                 $jNp = floor( $jDayNo / 12053 );
1654                 $jDayNo %= 12053;
1655
1656                 $jy = 979 + 33 * $jNp + 4 * floor( $jDayNo / 1461 );
1657                 $jDayNo %= 1461;
1658
1659                 if ( $jDayNo >= 366 ) {
1660                         $jy += floor( ( $jDayNo - 1 ) / 365 );
1661                         $jDayNo = floor( ( $jDayNo - 1 ) % 365 );
1662                 }
1663
1664                 $jz = $jDayNo;
1665
1666                 for ( $i = 0; $i < 11 && $jDayNo >= self::$IRANIAN_DAYS[$i]; $i++ ) {
1667                         $jDayNo -= self::$IRANIAN_DAYS[$i];
1668                 }
1669
1670                 $jm = $i + 1;
1671                 $jd = $jDayNo + 1;
1672
1673                 return [ $jy, $jm, $jd, $jz ];
1674         }
1675
1676         /**
1677          * Converting Gregorian dates to Hijri dates.
1678          *
1679          * Based on a PHP-Nuke block by Sharjeel which is released under GNU/GPL license
1680          *
1681          * @see https://phpnuke.org/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=8234&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0
1682          *
1683          * @param string $ts
1684          *
1685          * @return int[]
1686          */
1687         private static function tsToHijri( $ts ) {
1688                 $year = substr( $ts, 0, 4 );
1689                 $month = substr( $ts, 4, 2 );
1690                 $day = substr( $ts, 6, 2 );
1691
1692                 $zyr = $year;
1693                 $zd = $day;
1694                 $zm = $month;
1695                 $zy = $zyr;
1696
1697                 if (
1698                         ( $zy > 1582 ) || ( ( $zy == 1582 ) && ( $zm > 10 ) ) ||
1699                         ( ( $zy == 1582 ) && ( $zm == 10 ) && ( $zd > 14 ) )
1700                 ) {
1701                         $zjd = (int)( ( 1461 * ( $zy + 4800 + (int)( ( $zm - 14 ) / 12 ) ) ) / 4 ) +
1702                                         (int)( ( 367 * ( $zm - 2 - 12 * ( (int)( ( $zm - 14 ) / 12 ) ) ) ) / 12 ) -
1703                                         (int)( ( 3 * (int)( ( ( $zy + 4900 + (int)( ( $zm - 14 ) / 12 ) ) / 100 ) ) ) / 4 ) +
1704                                         $zd - 32075;
1705                 } else {
1706                         $zjd = 367 * $zy - (int)( ( 7 * ( $zy + 5001 + (int)( ( $zm - 9 ) / 7 ) ) ) / 4 ) +
1707                                                                 (int)( ( 275 * $zm ) / 9 ) + $zd + 1729777;
1708                 }
1709
1710                 $zl = $zjd - 1948440 + 10632;
1711                 $zn = (int)( ( $zl - 1 ) / 10631 );
1712                 $zl = $zl - 10631 * $zn + 354;
1713                 $zj = ( (int)( ( 10985 - $zl ) / 5316 ) ) * ( (int)( ( 50 * $zl ) / 17719 ) ) +
1714                         ( (int)( $zl / 5670 ) ) * ( (int)( ( 43 * $zl ) / 15238 ) );
1715                 $zl = $zl - ( (int)( ( 30 - $zj ) / 15 ) ) * ( (int)( ( 17719 * $zj ) / 50 ) ) -
1716                         ( (int)( $zj / 16 ) ) * ( (int)( ( 15238 * $zj ) / 43 ) ) + 29;
1717                 $zm = (int)( ( 24 * $zl ) / 709 );
1718                 $zd = $zl - (int)( ( 709 * $zm ) / 24 );
1719                 $zy = 30 * $zn + $zj - 30;
1720
1721                 return [ $zy, $zm, $zd ];
1722         }
1723
1724         /**
1725          * Converting Gregorian dates to Hebrew dates.
1726          *
1727          * Based on a JavaScript code by Abu Mami and Yisrael Hersch
1728          * (abu-mami@kaluach.net, http://www.kaluach.net), who permitted
1729          * to translate the relevant functions into PHP and release them under
1730          * GNU GPL.
1731          *
1732          * The months are counted from Tishrei = 1. In a leap year, Adar I is 13
1733          * and Adar II is 14. In a non-leap year, Adar is 6.
1734          *
1735          * @param string $ts
1736          *
1737          * @return int[]
1738          */
1739         private static function tsToHebrew( $ts ) {
1740                 # Parse date
1741                 $year = substr( $ts, 0, 4 );
1742                 $month = substr( $ts, 4, 2 );
1743                 $day = substr( $ts, 6, 2 );
1744
1745                 # Calculate Hebrew year
1746                 $hebrewYear = $year + 3760;
1747
1748                 # Month number when September = 1, August = 12
1749                 $month += 4;
1750                 if ( $month > 12 ) {
1751                         # Next year
1752                         $month -= 12;
1753                         $year++;
1754                         $hebrewYear++;
1755                 }
1756
1757                 # Calculate day of year from 1 September
1758                 $dayOfYear = $day;
1759                 for ( $i = 1; $i < $month; $i++ ) {
1760                         if ( $i == 6 ) {
1761                                 # February
1762                                 $dayOfYear += 28;
1763                                 # Check if the year is leap
1764                                 if ( $year % 400 == 0 || ( $year % 4 == 0 && $year % 100 > 0 ) ) {
1765                                         $dayOfYear++;
1766                                 }
1767                         } elseif ( $i == 8 || $i == 10 || $i == 1 || $i == 3 ) {
1768                                 $dayOfYear += 30;
1769                         } else {
1770                                 $dayOfYear += 31;
1771                         }
1772                 }
1773
1774                 # Calculate the start of the Hebrew year
1775                 $start = self::hebrewYearStart( $hebrewYear );
1776
1777                 # Calculate next year's start
1778                 if ( $dayOfYear <= $start ) {
1779                         # Day is before the start of the year - it is the previous year
1780                         # Next year's start
1781                         $nextStart = $start;
1782                         # Previous year
1783                         $year--;
1784                         $hebrewYear--;
1785                         # Add days since previous year's 1 September
1786                         $dayOfYear += 365;
1787                         if ( ( $year % 400 == 0 ) || ( $year % 100 != 0 && $year % 4 == 0 ) ) {
1788                                 # Leap year
1789                                 $dayOfYear++;
1790                         }
1791                         # Start of the new (previous) year
1792                         $start = self::hebrewYearStart( $hebrewYear );
1793                 } else {
1794                         # Next year's start
1795                         $nextStart = self::hebrewYearStart( $hebrewYear + 1 );
1796                 }
1797
1798                 # Calculate Hebrew day of year
1799                 $hebrewDayOfYear = $dayOfYear - $start;
1800
1801                 # Difference between year's days
1802                 $diff = $nextStart - $start;
1803                 # Add 12 (or 13 for leap years) days to ignore the difference between
1804                 # Hebrew and Gregorian year (353 at least vs. 365/6) - now the
1805                 # difference is only about the year type
1806                 if ( ( $year % 400 == 0 ) || ( $year % 100 != 0 && $year % 4 == 0 ) ) {
1807                         $diff += 13;
1808                 } else {
1809                         $diff += 12;
1810                 }
1811
1812                 # Check the year pattern, and is leap year
1813                 # 0 means an incomplete year, 1 means a regular year, 2 means a complete year
1814                 # This is mod 30, to work on both leap years (which add 30 days of Adar I)
1815                 # and non-leap years
1816                 $yearPattern = $diff % 30;
1817                 # Check if leap year
1818                 $isLeap = $diff >= 30;
1819
1820                 # Calculate day in the month from number of day in the Hebrew year
1821                 # Don't check Adar - if the day is not in Adar, we will stop before;
1822                 # if it is in Adar, we will use it to check if it is Adar I or Adar II
1823                 $hebrewDay = $hebrewDayOfYear;
1824                 $hebrewMonth = 1;
1825                 $days = 0;
1826                 while ( $hebrewMonth <= 12 ) {
1827                         # Calculate days in this month
1828                         if ( $isLeap && $hebrewMonth == 6 ) {
1829                                 # Leap year - has Adar I, with 30 days, and Adar II, with 29 days
1830                                 $days = 30;
1831                                 if ( $hebrewDay <= $days ) {
1832                                         # Day in Adar I
1833                                         $hebrewMonth = 13;
1834                                 } else {
1835                                         # Subtract the days of Adar I
1836                                         $hebrewDay -= $days;
1837                                         # Try Adar II
1838                                         $days = 29;
1839                                         if ( $hebrewDay <= $days ) {
1840                                                 # Day in Adar II
1841                                                 $hebrewMonth = 14;
1842                                         }
1843                                 }
1844                         } elseif ( $hebrewMonth == 2 && $yearPattern == 2 ) {
1845                                 # Cheshvan in a complete year (otherwise as the rule below)
1846                                 $days = 30;
1847                         } elseif ( $hebrewMonth == 3 && $yearPattern == 0 ) {
1848                                 # Kislev in an incomplete year (otherwise as the rule below)
1849                                 $days = 29;
1850                         } else {
1851                                 # Odd months have 30 days, even have 29
1852                                 $days = 30 - ( $hebrewMonth - 1 ) % 2;
1853                         }
1854                         if ( $hebrewDay <= $days ) {
1855                                 # In the current month
1856                                 break;
1857                         } else {
1858                                 # Subtract the days of the current month
1859                                 $hebrewDay -= $days;
1860                                 # Try in the next month
1861                                 $hebrewMonth++;
1862                         }
1863                 }
1864
1865                 return [ $hebrewYear, $hebrewMonth, $hebrewDay, $days ];
1866         }
1867
1868         /**
1869          * This calculates the Hebrew year start, as days since 1 September.
1870          * Based on Carl Friedrich Gauss algorithm for finding Easter date.
1871          * Used for Hebrew date.
1872          *
1873          * @param int $year
1874          *
1875          * @return string
1876          */
1877         private static function hebrewYearStart( $year ) {
1878                 $a = intval( ( 12 * ( $year - 1 ) + 17 ) % 19 );
1879                 $b = intval( ( $year - 1 ) % 4 );
1880                 $m = 32.044093161144 + 1.5542417966212 * $a + $b / 4.0 - 0.0031777940220923 * ( $year - 1 );
1881                 if ( $m < 0 ) {
1882                         $m--;
1883                 }
1884                 $Mar = intval( $m );
1885                 if ( $m < 0 ) {
1886                         $m++;
1887                 }
1888                 $m -= $Mar;
1889
1890                 $c = intval( ( $Mar + 3 * ( $year - 1 ) + 5 * $b + 5 ) % 7 );
1891                 if ( $c == 0 && $a > 11 && $m >= 0.89772376543210 ) {
1892                         $Mar++;
1893                 } elseif ( $c == 1 && $a > 6 && $m >= 0.63287037037037 ) {
1894                         $Mar += 2;
1895                 } elseif ( $c == 2 || $c == 4 || $c == 6 ) {
1896                         $Mar++;
1897                 }
1898
1899                 $Mar += intval( ( $year - 3761 ) / 100 ) - intval( ( $year - 3761 ) / 400 ) - 24;
1900                 return $Mar;
1901         }
1902
1903         /**
1904          * Algorithm to convert Gregorian dates to Thai solar dates,
1905          * Minguo dates or Minguo dates.
1906          *
1907          * Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar
1908          *       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minguo_calendar
1909          *       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_era_name
1910          *
1911          * @param string $ts 14-character timestamp
1912          * @param string $cName Calender name
1913          * @return array Converted year, month, day
1914          */
1915         private static function tsToYear( $ts, $cName ) {
1916                 $gy = substr( $ts, 0, 4 );
1917                 $gm = substr( $ts, 4, 2 );
1918                 $gd = substr( $ts, 6, 2 );
1919
1920                 if ( !strcmp( $cName, 'thai' ) ) {
1921                         # Thai solar dates
1922                         # Add 543 years to the Gregorian calendar
1923                         # Months and days are identical
1924                         $gy_offset = $gy + 543;
1925                         # fix for dates between 1912 and 1941
1926                         # https://en.wikipedia.org/?oldid=836596673#New_year
1927                         if ( $gy >= 1912 && $gy <= 1940 ) {
1928                                 if ( $gm <= 3 ) {
1929                                         $gy_offset--;
1930                                 }
1931                                 $gm = ( $gm - 3 ) % 12;
1932                         }
1933                 } elseif ( ( !strcmp( $cName, 'minguo' ) ) || !strcmp( $cName, 'juche' ) ) {
1934                         # Minguo dates
1935                         # Deduct 1911 years from the Gregorian calendar
1936                         # Months and days are identical
1937                         $gy_offset = $gy - 1911;
1938                 } elseif ( !strcmp( $cName, 'tenno' ) ) {
1939                         # Nengō dates up to Meiji period
1940                         # Deduct years from the Gregorian calendar
1941                         # depending on the nengo periods
1942                         # Months and days are identical
1943                         if ( ( $gy < 1912 )
1944                                 || ( ( $gy == 1912 ) && ( $gm < 7 ) )
1945                                 || ( ( $gy == 1912 ) && ( $gm == 7 ) && ( $gd < 31 ) )
1946                         ) {
1947                                 # Meiji period
1948                                 $gy_gannen = $gy - 1868 + 1;
1949                                 $gy_offset = $gy_gannen;
1950                                 if ( $gy_gannen == 1 ) {
1951                                         $gy_offset = '元';
1952                                 }
1953                                 $gy_offset = '明治' . $gy_offset;
1954                         } elseif (
1955                                 ( ( $gy == 1912 ) && ( $gm == 7 ) && ( $gd == 31 ) ) ||
1956                                 ( ( $gy == 1912 ) && ( $gm >= 8 ) ) ||
1957                                 ( ( $gy > 1912 ) && ( $gy < 1926 ) ) ||
1958                                 ( ( $gy == 1926 ) && ( $gm < 12 ) ) ||
1959                                 ( ( $gy == 1926 ) && ( $gm == 12 ) && ( $gd < 26 ) )
1960                         ) {
1961                                 # Taishō period
1962                                 $gy_gannen = $gy - 1912 + 1;
1963                                 $gy_offset = $gy_gannen;
1964                                 if ( $gy_gannen == 1 ) {
1965                                         $gy_offset = '元';
1966                                 }
1967                                 $gy_offset = '大正' . $gy_offset;
1968                         } elseif (
1969                                 ( ( $gy == 1926 ) && ( $gm == 12 ) && ( $gd >= 26 ) ) ||
1970                                 ( ( $gy > 1926 ) && ( $gy < 1989 ) ) ||
1971                                 ( ( $gy == 1989 ) && ( $gm == 1 ) && ( $gd < 8 ) )
1972                         ) {
1973                                 # Shōwa period
1974                                 $gy_gannen = $gy - 1926 + 1;
1975                                 $gy_offset = $gy_gannen;
1976                                 if ( $gy_gannen == 1 ) {
1977                                         $gy_offset = '元';
1978                                 }
1979                                 $gy_offset = '昭和' . $gy_offset;
1980                         } else {
1981                                 # Heisei period
1982                                 $gy_gannen = $gy - 1989 + 1;
1983                                 $gy_offset = $gy_gannen;
1984                                 if ( $gy_gannen == 1 ) {
1985                                         $gy_offset = '元';
1986                                 }
1987                                 $gy_offset = '平成' . $gy_offset;
1988                         }
1989                 } else {
1990                         $gy_offset = $gy;
1991                 }
1992
1993                 return [ $gy_offset, $gm, $gd ];
1994         }
1995
1996         /**
1997          * Gets directionality of the first strongly directional codepoint, for embedBidi()
1998          *
1999          * This is the rule the BIDI algorithm uses to determine the directionality of
2000          * paragraphs ( https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/#The_Paragraph_Level ) and
2001          * FSI isolates ( https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr9/#Explicit_Directional_Isolates ).
2002          *
2003          * TODO: Does not handle BIDI control characters inside the text.
2004          * TODO: Does not handle unallocated characters.
2005          *
2006          * @param string $text Text to test
2007          * @return null|string Directionality ('ltr' or 'rtl') or null
2008          */
2009         private static function strongDirFromContent( $text = '' ) {
2010                 if ( !preg_match( self::$strongDirRegex, $text, $matches ) ) {
2011                         return null;
2012                 }
2013                 if ( $matches[1] === '' ) {
2014                         return 'rtl';
2015                 }
2016                 return 'ltr';
2017         }
2018
2019         /**
2020          * Roman number formatting up to 10000
2021          *
2022          * @param int $num
2023          *
2024          * @return string
2025          */
2026         static function romanNumeral( $num ) {
2027                 static $table = [
2028                         [ '', 'I', 'II', 'III', 'IV', 'V', 'VI', 'VII', 'VIII', 'IX', 'X' ],
2029                         [ '', 'X', 'XX', 'XXX', 'XL', 'L', 'LX', 'LXX', 'LXXX', 'XC', 'C' ],
2030                         [ '', 'C', 'CC', 'CCC', 'CD', 'D', 'DC', 'DCC', 'DCCC', 'CM', 'M' ],
2031                         [ '', 'M', 'MM', 'MMM', 'MMMM', 'MMMMM', 'MMMMMM', 'MMMMMMM',
2032                                 'MMMMMMMM', 'MMMMMMMMM', 'MMMMMMMMMM' ]
2033                 ];
2034
2035                 $num = intval( $num );
2036                 if ( $num > 10000 || $num <= 0 ) {
2037                         return $num;
2038                 }
2039
2040                 $s = '';
2041                 for ( $pow10 = 1000, $i = 3; $i >= 0; $pow10 /= 10, $i-- ) {
2042                         if ( $num >= $pow10 ) {
2043                                 $s .= $table[$i][(int)floor( $num / $pow10 )];
2044                         }
2045                         $num = $num % $pow10;
2046                 }
2047                 return $s;
2048         }
2049
2050         /**
2051          * Hebrew Gematria number formatting up to 9999
2052          *
2053          * @param int $num
2054          *
2055          * @return string
2056          */
2057         static function hebrewNumeral( $num ) {
2058                 static $table = [
2059                         [ '', 'א', 'ב', 'ג', 'ד', 'ה', 'ו', 'ז', 'ח', 'ט', 'י' ],
2060                         [ '', 'י', 'כ', 'ל', 'מ', 'נ', 'ס', 'ע', 'פ', 'צ', 'ק' ],
2061                         [ '',
2062                                 [ 'ק' ],
2063                                 [ 'ר' ],
2064                                 [ 'ש' ],
2065                                 [ 'ת' ],
2066                                 [ 'ת', 'ק' ],
2067                                 [ 'ת', 'ר' ],
2068                                 [ 'ת', 'ש' ],
2069                                 [ 'ת', 'ת' ],
2070                                 [ 'ת', 'ת', 'ק' ],
2071                                 [ 'ת', 'ת', 'ר' ],
2072                         ],
2073                         [ '', 'א', 'ב', 'ג', 'ד', 'ה', 'ו', 'ז', 'ח', 'ט', 'י' ]
2074                 ];
2075
2076                 $num = intval( $num );
2077                 if ( $num > 9999 || $num <= 0 ) {
2078                         return $num;
2079                 }
2080
2081                 // Round thousands have special notations
2082                 if ( $num === 1000 ) {
2083                         return "א' אלף";
2084                 } elseif ( $num % 1000 === 0 ) {
2085                         return $table[0][$num / 1000] . "' אלפים";
2086                 }
2087
2088                 $letters = [];
2089
2090                 for ( $pow10 = 1000, $i = 3; $i >= 0; $pow10 /= 10, $i-- ) {
2091                         if ( $num >= $pow10 ) {
2092                                 if ( $num === 15 || $num === 16 ) {
2093                                         $letters[] = $table[0][9];
2094                                         $letters[] = $table[0][$num - 9];
2095                                         $num = 0;
2096                                 } else {
2097                                         $letters = array_merge(
2098                                                 $letters,
2099                                                 (array)$table[$i][intval( $num / $pow10 )]
2100                                         );
2101
2102                                         if ( $pow10 === 1000 ) {
2103                                                 $letters[] = "'";
2104                                         }
2105                                 }
2106                         }
2107
2108                         $num = $num % $pow10;
2109                 }
2110
2111                 $preTransformLength = count( $letters );
2112                 if ( $preTransformLength === 1 ) {
2113                         // Add geresh (single quote) to one-letter numbers
2114                         $letters[] = "'";
2115                 } else {
2116                         $lastIndex = $preTransformLength - 1;
2117                         $letters[$lastIndex] = str_replace(
2118                                 [ 'כ', 'מ', 'נ', 'פ', 'צ' ],
2119                                 [ 'ך', 'ם', 'ן', 'ף', 'ץ' ],
2120                                 $letters[$lastIndex]
2121                         );
2122
2123                         // Add gershayim (double quote) to multiple-letter numbers,
2124                         // but exclude numbers with only one letter after the thousands
2125                         // (1001-1009, 1020, 1030, 2001-2009, etc.)
2126                         if ( $letters[1] === "'" && $preTransformLength === 3 ) {
2127                                 $letters[] = "'";
2128                         } else {
2129                                 array_splice( $letters, -1, 0, '"' );
2130                         }
2131                 }
2132
2133                 return implode( $letters );
2134         }
2135
2136         /**
2137          * Used by date() and time() to adjust the time output.
2138          *
2139          * @param string $ts The time in date('YmdHis') format
2140          * @param mixed $tz Adjust the time by this amount (default false, mean we
2141          *   get user timecorrection setting)
2142          * @return int
2143          */
2144         public function userAdjust( $ts, $tz = false ) {
2145                 global $wgUser, $wgLocalTZoffset;
2146
2147                 if ( $tz === false ) {
2148                         $tz = $wgUser->getOption( 'timecorrection' );
2149                 }
2150
2151                 $data = explode( '|', $tz, 3 );
2152
2153                 if ( $data[0] == 'ZoneInfo' ) {
2154                         try {
2155                                 $userTZ = new DateTimeZone( $data[2] );
2156                                 $date = new DateTime( $ts, new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' ) );
2157                                 $date->setTimezone( $userTZ );
2158                                 return $date->format( 'YmdHis' );
2159                         } catch ( Exception $e ) {
2160                                 // Unrecognized timezone, default to 'Offset' with the stored offset.
2161                                 $data[0] = 'Offset';
2162                         }
2163                 }
2164
2165                 if ( $data[0] == 'System' || $tz == '' ) {
2166                         # Global offset in minutes.
2167                         $minDiff = $wgLocalTZoffset;
2168                 } elseif ( $data[0] == 'Offset' ) {
2169                         $minDiff = intval( $data[1] );
2170                 } else {
2171                         $data = explode( ':', $tz );
2172                         if ( count( $data ) == 2 ) {
2173                                 $data[0] = intval( $data[0] );
2174                                 $data[1] = intval( $data[1] );
2175                                 $minDiff = abs( $data[0] ) * 60 + $data[1];
2176                                 if ( $data[0] < 0 ) {
2177                                         $minDiff = -$minDiff;
2178                                 }
2179                         } else {
2180                                 $minDiff = intval( $data[0] ) * 60;
2181                         }
2182                 }
2183
2184                 # No difference ? Return time unchanged
2185                 if ( $minDiff == 0 ) {
2186                         return $ts;
2187                 }
2188
2189                 Wikimedia\suppressWarnings(); // E_STRICT system time bitching
2190                 # Generate an adjusted date; take advantage of the fact that mktime
2191                 # will normalize out-of-range values so we don't have to split $minDiff
2192                 # into hours and minutes.
2193                 $t = mktime( (
2194                         (int)substr( $ts, 8, 2 ) ), # Hours
2195                         (int)substr( $ts, 10, 2 ) + $minDiff, # Minutes
2196                         (int)substr( $ts, 12, 2 ), # Seconds
2197                         (int)substr( $ts, 4, 2 ), # Month
2198                         (int)substr( $ts, 6, 2 ), # Day
2199                         (int)substr( $ts, 0, 4 ) ); # Year
2200
2201                 $date = date( 'YmdHis', $t );
2202                 Wikimedia\restoreWarnings();
2203
2204                 return $date;
2205         }
2206
2207         /**
2208          * This is meant to be used by time(), date(), and timeanddate() to get
2209          * the date preference they're supposed to use, it should be used in
2210          * all children.
2211          *
2212          *     function timeanddate([...], $format = true) {
2213          *       $datePreference = $this->dateFormat($format);
2214          *       [...]
2215          *     }
2216          *
2217          * @param int|string|bool $usePrefs If true, the user's preference is used
2218          *   if false, the site/language default is used
2219          *   if int/string, assumed to be a format.
2220          * @return string
2221          */
2222         function dateFormat( $usePrefs = true ) {
2223                 global $wgUser;
2224
2225                 if ( is_bool( $usePrefs ) ) {
2226                         if ( $usePrefs ) {
2227                                 $datePreference = $wgUser->getDatePreference();
2228                         } else {
2229                                 $datePreference = (string)User::getDefaultOption( 'date' );
2230                         }
2231                 } else {
2232                         $datePreference = (string)$usePrefs;
2233                 }
2234
2235                 // return int
2236                 if ( $datePreference == '' ) {
2237                         return 'default';
2238                 }
2239
2240                 return $datePreference;
2241         }
2242
2243         /**
2244          * Get a format string for a given type and preference
2245          * @param string $type May be 'date', 'time', 'both', or 'pretty'.
2246          * @param string $pref The format name as it appears in Messages*.php under
2247          *  $datePreferences.
2248          *
2249          * @since 1.22 New type 'pretty' that provides a more readable timestamp format
2250          *
2251          * @return string
2252          */
2253         function getDateFormatString( $type, $pref ) {
2254                 $wasDefault = false;
2255                 if ( $pref == 'default' ) {
2256                         $wasDefault = true;
2257                         $pref = $this->getDefaultDateFormat();
2258                 }
2259
2260                 if ( !isset( $this->dateFormatStrings[$type][$pref] ) ) {
2261                         $df = self::$dataCache->getSubitem( $this->mCode, 'dateFormats', "$pref $type" );
2262
2263                         if ( $type === 'pretty' && $df === null ) {
2264                                 $df = $this->getDateFormatString( 'date', $pref );
2265                         }
2266
2267                         if ( !$wasDefault && $df === null ) {
2268                                 $pref = $this->getDefaultDateFormat();
2269                                 $df = self::$dataCache->getSubitem( $this->mCode, 'dateFormats', "$pref $type" );
2270                         }
2271
2272                         $this->dateFormatStrings[$type][$pref] = $df;
2273                 }
2274                 return $this->dateFormatStrings[$type][$pref];
2275         }
2276
2277         /**
2278          * @param string $ts The time format which needs to be turned into a
2279          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2280          * @param bool $adj Whether to adjust the time output according to the
2281          *   user configured offset ($timecorrection)
2282          * @param mixed $format True to use user's date format preference
2283          * @param string|bool $timecorrection The time offset as returned by
2284          *   validateTimeZone() in Special:Preferences
2285          * @return string
2286          */
2287         public function date( $ts, $adj = false, $format = true, $timecorrection = false ) {
2288                 $ts = wfTimestamp( TS_MW, $ts );
2289                 if ( $adj ) {
2290                         $ts = $this->userAdjust( $ts, $timecorrection );
2291                 }
2292                 $df = $this->getDateFormatString( 'date', $this->dateFormat( $format ) );
2293                 return $this->sprintfDate( $df, $ts );
2294         }
2295
2296         /**
2297          * @param string $ts The time format which needs to be turned into a
2298          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2299          * @param bool $adj Whether to adjust the time output according to the
2300          *   user configured offset ($timecorrection)
2301          * @param mixed $format True to use user's date format preference
2302          * @param string|bool $timecorrection The time offset as returned by
2303          *   validateTimeZone() in Special:Preferences
2304          * @return string
2305          */
2306         public function time( $ts, $adj = false, $format = true, $timecorrection = false ) {
2307                 $ts = wfTimestamp( TS_MW, $ts );
2308                 if ( $adj ) {
2309                         $ts = $this->userAdjust( $ts, $timecorrection );
2310                 }
2311                 $df = $this->getDateFormatString( 'time', $this->dateFormat( $format ) );
2312                 return $this->sprintfDate( $df, $ts );
2313         }
2314
2315         /**
2316          * @param string $ts The time format which needs to be turned into a
2317          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2318          * @param bool $adj Whether to adjust the time output according to the
2319          *   user configured offset ($timecorrection)
2320          * @param mixed $format What format to return, if it's false output the
2321          *   default one (default true)
2322          * @param string|bool $timecorrection The time offset as returned by
2323          *   validateTimeZone() in Special:Preferences
2324          * @return string
2325          */
2326         public function timeanddate( $ts, $adj = false, $format = true, $timecorrection = false ) {
2327                 $ts = wfTimestamp( TS_MW, $ts );
2328                 if ( $adj ) {
2329                         $ts = $this->userAdjust( $ts, $timecorrection );
2330                 }
2331                 $df = $this->getDateFormatString( 'both', $this->dateFormat( $format ) );
2332                 return $this->sprintfDate( $df, $ts );
2333         }
2334
2335         /**
2336          * Takes a number of seconds and turns it into a text using values such as hours and minutes.
2337          *
2338          * @since 1.20
2339          *
2340          * @param int $seconds The amount of seconds.
2341          * @param array $chosenIntervals The intervals to enable.
2342          *
2343          * @return string
2344          */
2345         public function formatDuration( $seconds, array $chosenIntervals = [] ) {
2346                 $intervals = $this->getDurationIntervals( $seconds, $chosenIntervals );
2347
2348                 $segments = [];
2349
2350                 foreach ( $intervals as $intervalName => $intervalValue ) {
2351                         // Messages: duration-seconds, duration-minutes, duration-hours, duration-days, duration-weeks,
2352                         // duration-years, duration-decades, duration-centuries, duration-millennia
2353                         $message = wfMessage( 'duration-' . $intervalName )->numParams( $intervalValue );
2354                         $segments[] = $message->inLanguage( $this )->escaped();
2355                 }
2356
2357                 return $this->listToText( $segments );
2358         }
2359
2360         /**
2361          * Takes a number of seconds and returns an array with a set of corresponding intervals.
2362          * For example 65 will be turned into [ minutes => 1, seconds => 5 ].
2363          *
2364          * @since 1.20
2365          *
2366          * @param int $seconds The amount of seconds.
2367          * @param array $chosenIntervals The intervals to enable.
2368          *
2369          * @return array
2370          */
2371         public function getDurationIntervals( $seconds, array $chosenIntervals = [] ) {
2372                 if ( empty( $chosenIntervals ) ) {
2373                         $chosenIntervals = [
2374                                 'millennia',
2375                                 'centuries',
2376                                 'decades',
2377                                 'years',
2378                                 'days',
2379                                 'hours',
2380                                 'minutes',
2381                                 'seconds'
2382                         ];
2383                 }
2384
2385                 $intervals = array_intersect_key( self::$durationIntervals, array_flip( $chosenIntervals ) );
2386                 $sortedNames = array_keys( $intervals );
2387                 $smallestInterval = array_pop( $sortedNames );
2388
2389                 $segments = [];
2390
2391                 foreach ( $intervals as $name => $length ) {
2392                         $value = floor( $seconds / $length );
2393
2394                         if ( $value > 0 || ( $name == $smallestInterval && empty( $segments ) ) ) {
2395                                 $seconds -= $value * $length;
2396                                 $segments[$name] = $value;
2397                         }
2398                 }
2399
2400                 return $segments;
2401         }
2402
2403         /**
2404          * Internal helper function for userDate(), userTime() and userTimeAndDate()
2405          *
2406          * @param string $type Can be 'date', 'time' or 'both'
2407          * @param string $ts The time format which needs to be turned into a
2408          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2409          * @param User $user User object used to get preferences for timezone and format
2410          * @param array $options Array, can contain the following keys:
2411          *   - 'timecorrection': time correction, can have the following values:
2412          *     - true: use user's preference
2413          *     - false: don't use time correction
2414          *     - int: value of time correction in minutes
2415          *   - 'format': format to use, can have the following values:
2416          *     - true: use user's preference
2417          *     - false: use default preference
2418          *     - string: format to use
2419          * @since 1.19
2420          * @return string
2421          */
2422         private function internalUserTimeAndDate( $type, $ts, User $user, array $options ) {
2423                 $ts = wfTimestamp( TS_MW, $ts );
2424                 $options += [ 'timecorrection' => true, 'format' => true ];
2425                 if ( $options['timecorrection'] !== false ) {
2426                         if ( $options['timecorrection'] === true ) {
2427                                 $offset = $user->getOption( 'timecorrection' );
2428                         } else {
2429                                 $offset = $options['timecorrection'];
2430                         }
2431                         $ts = $this->userAdjust( $ts, $offset );
2432                 }
2433                 if ( $options['format'] === true ) {
2434                         $format = $user->getDatePreference();
2435                 } else {
2436                         $format = $options['format'];
2437                 }
2438                 $df = $this->getDateFormatString( $type, $this->dateFormat( $format ) );
2439                 return $this->sprintfDate( $df, $ts );
2440         }
2441
2442         /**
2443          * Get the formatted date for the given timestamp and formatted for
2444          * the given user.
2445          *
2446          * @param mixed $ts Mixed: the time format which needs to be turned into a
2447          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2448          * @param User $user User object used to get preferences for timezone and format
2449          * @param array $options Array, can contain the following keys:
2450          *   - 'timecorrection': time correction, can have the following values:
2451          *     - true: use user's preference
2452          *     - false: don't use time correction
2453          *     - int: value of time correction in minutes
2454          *   - 'format': format to use, can have the following values:
2455          *     - true: use user's preference
2456          *     - false: use default preference
2457          *     - string: format to use
2458          * @since 1.19
2459          * @return string
2460          */
2461         public function userDate( $ts, User $user, array $options = [] ) {
2462                 return $this->internalUserTimeAndDate( 'date', $ts, $user, $options );
2463         }
2464
2465         /**
2466          * Get the formatted time for the given timestamp and formatted for
2467          * the given user.
2468          *
2469          * @param mixed $ts The time format which needs to be turned into a
2470          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2471          * @param User $user User object used to get preferences for timezone and format
2472          * @param array $options Array, can contain the following keys:
2473          *   - 'timecorrection': time correction, can have the following values:
2474          *     - true: use user's preference
2475          *     - false: don't use time correction
2476          *     - int: value of time correction in minutes
2477          *   - 'format': format to use, can have the following values:
2478          *     - true: use user's preference
2479          *     - false: use default preference
2480          *     - string: format to use
2481          * @since 1.19
2482          * @return string
2483          */
2484         public function userTime( $ts, User $user, array $options = [] ) {
2485                 return $this->internalUserTimeAndDate( 'time', $ts, $user, $options );
2486         }
2487
2488         /**
2489          * Get the formatted date and time for the given timestamp and formatted for
2490          * the given user.
2491          *
2492          * @param mixed $ts The time format which needs to be turned into a
2493          *   date('YmdHis') format with wfTimestamp(TS_MW,$ts)
2494          * @param User $user User object used to get preferences for timezone and format
2495          * @param array $options Array, can contain the following keys:
2496          *   - 'timecorrection': time correction, can have the following values:
2497          *     - true: use user's preference
2498          *     - false: don't use time correction
2499          *     - int: value of time correction in minutes
2500          *   - 'format': format to use, can have the following values:
2501          *     - true: use user's preference
2502          *     - false: use default preference
2503          *     - string: format to use
2504          * @since 1.19
2505          * @return string
2506          */
2507         public function userTimeAndDate( $ts, User $user, array $options = [] ) {
2508                 return $this->internalUserTimeAndDate( 'both', $ts, $user, $options );
2509         }
2510
2511         /**
2512          * Get the timestamp in a human-friendly relative format, e.g., "3 days ago".
2513          *
2514          * Determine the difference between the timestamp and the current time, and
2515          * generate a readable timestamp by returning "<N> <units> ago", where the
2516          * largest possible unit is used.
2517          *
2518          * @since 1.26 (Prior to 1.26 method existed but was not meant to be used directly)
2519          *
2520          * @param MWTimestamp $time
2521          * @param MWTimestamp|null $relativeTo The base timestamp to compare to (defaults to now)
2522          * @param User|null $user User the timestamp is being generated for
2523          *  (or null to use main context's user)
2524          * @return string Formatted timestamp
2525          */
2526         public function getHumanTimestamp(
2527                 MWTimestamp $time, MWTimestamp $relativeTo = null, User $user = null
2528         ) {
2529                 if ( $relativeTo === null ) {
2530                         $relativeTo = new MWTimestamp();
2531                 }
2532                 if ( $user === null ) {
2533                         $user = RequestContext::getMain()->getUser();
2534                 }
2535
2536                 // Adjust for the user's timezone.
2537                 $offsetThis = $time->offsetForUser( $user );
2538                 $offsetRel = $relativeTo->offsetForUser( $user );
2539
2540                 $ts = '';
2541                 if ( Hooks::run( 'GetHumanTimestamp', [ &$ts, $time, $relativeTo, $user, $this ] ) ) {
2542                         $ts = $this->getHumanTimestampInternal( $time, $relativeTo, $user );
2543                 }
2544
2545                 // Reset the timezone on the objects.
2546                 $time->timestamp->sub( $offsetThis );
2547                 $relativeTo->timestamp->sub( $offsetRel );
2548
2549                 return $ts;
2550         }
2551
2552         /**
2553          * Convert an MWTimestamp into a pretty human-readable timestamp using
2554          * the given user preferences and relative base time.
2555          *
2556          * @see Language::getHumanTimestamp
2557          * @param MWTimestamp $ts Timestamp to prettify
2558          * @param MWTimestamp $relativeTo Base timestamp
2559          * @param User $user User preferences to use
2560          * @return string Human timestamp
2561          * @since 1.26
2562          */
2563         private function getHumanTimestampInternal(
2564                 MWTimestamp $ts, MWTimestamp $relativeTo, User $user
2565         ) {
2566                 $diff = $ts->diff( $relativeTo );
2567                 $diffDay = (bool)( (int)$ts->timestamp->format( 'w' ) -
2568                         (int)$relativeTo->timestamp->format( 'w' ) );
2569                 $days = $diff->days ?: (int)$diffDay;
2570                 if ( $diff->invert || $days > 5
2571                         && $ts->timestamp->format( 'Y' ) !== $relativeTo->timestamp->format( 'Y' )
2572                 ) {
2573                         // Timestamps are in different years: use full timestamp
2574                         // Also do full timestamp for future dates
2575                         /**
2576                          * @todo FIXME: Add better handling of future timestamps.
2577                          */
2578                         $format = $this->getDateFormatString( 'both', $user->getDatePreference() ?: 'default' );
2579                         $ts = $this->sprintfDate( $format, $ts->getTimestamp( TS_MW ) );
2580                 } elseif ( $days > 5 ) {
2581                         // Timestamps are in same year,  but more than 5 days ago: show day and month only.
2582                         $format = $this->getDateFormatString( 'pretty', $user->getDatePreference() ?: 'default' );
2583                         $ts = $this->sprintfDate( $format, $ts->getTimestamp( TS_MW ) );
2584                 } elseif ( $days > 1 ) {
2585                         // Timestamp within the past week: show the day of the week and time
2586                         $format = $this->getDateFormatString( 'time', $user->getDatePreference() ?: 'default' );
2587                         $weekday = self::$mWeekdayMsgs[$ts->timestamp->format( 'w' )];
2588                         // Messages:
2589                         // sunday-at, monday-at, tuesday-at, wednesday-at, thursday-at, friday-at, saturday-at
2590                         $ts = wfMessage( "$weekday-at" )
2591                                 ->inLanguage( $this )
2592                                 ->params( $this->sprintfDate( $format, $ts->getTimestamp( TS_MW ) ) )
2593                                 ->text();
2594                 } elseif ( $days == 1 ) {
2595                         // Timestamp was yesterday: say 'yesterday' and the time.
2596                         $format = $this->getDateFormatString( 'time', $user->getDatePreference() ?: 'default' );
2597                         $ts = wfMessage( 'yesterday-at' )
2598                                 ->inLanguage( $this )
2599                                 ->params( $this->sprintfDate( $format, $ts->getTimestamp( TS_MW ) ) )
2600                                 ->text();
2601                 } elseif ( $diff->h > 1 || $diff->h == 1 && $diff->i > 30 ) {
2602                         // Timestamp was today, but more than 90 minutes ago: say 'today' and the time.
2603                         $format = $this->getDateFormatString( 'time', $user->getDatePreference() ?: 'default' );
2604                         $ts = wfMessage( 'today-at' )
2605                                 ->inLanguage( $this )
2606                                 ->params( $this->sprintfDate( $format, $ts->getTimestamp( TS_MW ) ) )
2607                                 ->text();
2608
2609                 // From here on in, the timestamp was soon enough ago so that we can simply say
2610                 // XX units ago, e.g., "2 hours ago" or "5 minutes ago"
2611                 } elseif ( $diff->h == 1 ) {
2612                         // Less than 90 minutes, but more than an hour ago.
2613                         $ts = wfMessage( 'hours-ago' )->inLanguage( $this )->numParams( 1 )->text();
2614                 } elseif ( $diff->i >= 1 ) {
2615                         // A few minutes ago.
2616                         $ts = wfMessage( 'minutes-ago' )->inLanguage( $this )->numParams( $diff->i )->text();
2617                 } elseif ( $diff->s >= 30 ) {
2618                         // Less than a minute, but more than 30 sec ago.
2619                         $ts = wfMessage( 'seconds-ago' )->inLanguage( $this )->numParams( $diff->s )->text();
2620                 } else {
2621                         // Less than 30 seconds ago.
2622                         $ts = wfMessage( 'just-now' )->text();
2623                 }
2624
2625                 return $ts;
2626         }
2627
2628         /**
2629          * @param string $key
2630          * @return string|null
2631          */
2632         public function getMessage( $key ) {
2633                 return self::$dataCache->getSubitem( $this->mCode, 'messages', $key );
2634         }
2635
2636         /**
2637          * @return array
2638          */
2639         function getAllMessages() {
2640                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'messages' );
2641         }
2642
2643         /**
2644          * @param string $in
2645          * @param string $out
2646          * @param string $string
2647          * @return string
2648          */
2649         public function iconv( $in, $out, $string ) {
2650                 # Even with //IGNORE iconv can whine about illegal characters in
2651                 # *input* string. We just ignore those too.
2652                 # REF: https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=37166
2653                 # REF: https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T18885
2654                 Wikimedia\suppressWarnings();
2655                 $text = iconv( $in, $out . '//IGNORE', $string );
2656                 Wikimedia\restoreWarnings();
2657                 return $text;
2658         }
2659
2660         // callback functions for ucwords(), ucwordbreaks()
2661
2662         /**
2663          * @param array $matches
2664          * @return mixed|string
2665          */
2666         function ucwordbreaksCallbackAscii( $matches ) {
2667                 return $this->ucfirst( $matches[1] );
2668         }
2669
2670         /**
2671          * @param array $matches
2672          * @return string
2673          */
2674         function ucwordbreaksCallbackMB( $matches ) {
2675                 return mb_strtoupper( $matches[0] );
2676         }
2677
2678         /**
2679          * @param array $matches
2680          * @return string
2681          */
2682         function ucwordsCallbackMB( $matches ) {
2683                 return mb_strtoupper( $matches[0] );
2684         }
2685
2686         /**
2687          * Make a string's first character uppercase
2688          *
2689          * @param string $str
2690          *
2691          * @return string
2692          */
2693         public function ucfirst( $str ) {
2694                 $o = ord( $str );
2695                 if ( $o < 96 ) { // if already uppercase...
2696                         return $str;
2697                 } elseif ( $o < 128 ) {
2698                         return ucfirst( $str ); // use PHP's ucfirst()
2699                 } else {
2700                         // fall back to more complex logic in case of multibyte strings
2701                         return $this->uc( $str, true );
2702                 }
2703         }
2704
2705         /**
2706          * Convert a string to uppercase
2707          *
2708          * @param string $str
2709          * @param bool $first
2710          *
2711          * @return string
2712          */
2713         public function uc( $str, $first = false ) {
2714                 if ( $first ) {
2715                         if ( $this->isMultibyte( $str ) ) {
2716                                 return $this->mbUpperChar( mb_substr( $str, 0, 1 ) ) . mb_substr( $str, 1 );
2717                         } else {
2718                                 return ucfirst( $str );
2719                         }
2720                 } else {
2721                         return $this->isMultibyte( $str ) ? mb_strtoupper( $str ) : strtoupper( $str );
2722                 }
2723         }
2724
2725         /**
2726          * Convert character to uppercase, allowing overrides of the default mb_upper
2727          * behaviour, which is buggy in many ways. Having a conversion table can be
2728          * useful during transitions between PHP versions where unicode changes happen.
2729          * This can make some resources unreachable on-wiki, see discussion at T219279.
2730          * Providing such a conversion table can allow to manage the transition period.
2731          *
2732          * @since 1.34
2733          *
2734          * @param string $char
2735          *
2736          * @return string
2737          */
2738         protected function mbUpperChar( $char ) {
2739                 global $wgOverrideUcfirstCharacters;
2740                 if ( array_key_exists( $char, $wgOverrideUcfirstCharacters ) ) {
2741                         return $wgOverrideUcfirstCharacters[$char];
2742                 } else {
2743                         return mb_strtoupper( $char );
2744                 }
2745         }
2746
2747         /**
2748          * @param string $str
2749          * @return mixed|string
2750          */
2751         function lcfirst( $str ) {
2752                 $o = ord( $str );
2753                 if ( !$o ) {
2754                         return strval( $str );
2755                 } elseif ( $o >= 128 ) {
2756                         return $this->lc( $str, true );
2757                 } elseif ( $o > 96 ) {
2758                         return $str;
2759                 } else {
2760                         $str[0] = strtolower( $str[0] );
2761                         return $str;
2762                 }
2763         }
2764
2765         /**
2766          * @param string $str
2767          * @param bool $first
2768          * @return mixed|string
2769          */
2770         function lc( $str, $first = false ) {
2771                 if ( $first ) {
2772                         if ( $this->isMultibyte( $str ) ) {
2773                                 return mb_strtolower( mb_substr( $str, 0, 1 ) ) . mb_substr( $str, 1 );
2774                         } else {
2775                                 return strtolower( substr( $str, 0, 1 ) ) . substr( $str, 1 );
2776                         }
2777                 } else {
2778                         return $this->isMultibyte( $str ) ? mb_strtolower( $str ) : strtolower( $str );
2779                 }
2780         }
2781
2782         /**
2783          * @param string $str
2784          * @return bool
2785          */
2786         function isMultibyte( $str ) {
2787                 return strlen( $str ) !== mb_strlen( $str );
2788         }
2789
2790         /**
2791          * @param string $str
2792          * @return mixed|string
2793          */
2794         function ucwords( $str ) {
2795                 if ( $this->isMultibyte( $str ) ) {
2796                         $str = $this->lc( $str );
2797
2798                         // regexp to find first letter in each word (i.e. after each space)
2799                         $replaceRegexp = "/^([a-z]|[\\xc0-\\xff][\\x80-\\xbf]*)| ([a-z]|[\\xc0-\\xff][\\x80-\\xbf]*)/";
2800
2801                         // function to use to capitalize a single char
2802                         return preg_replace_callback(
2803                                 $replaceRegexp,
2804                                 [ $this, 'ucwordsCallbackMB' ],
2805                                 $str
2806                         );
2807                 } else {
2808                         return ucwords( strtolower( $str ) );
2809                 }
2810         }
2811
2812         /**
2813          * capitalize words at word breaks
2814          *
2815          * @param string $str
2816          * @return mixed
2817          */
2818         function ucwordbreaks( $str ) {
2819                 if ( $this->isMultibyte( $str ) ) {
2820                         $str = $this->lc( $str );
2821
2822                         // since \b doesn't work for UTF-8, we explicitely define word break chars
2823                         $breaks = "[ \-\(\)\}\{\.,\?!]";
2824
2825                         // find first letter after word break
2826                         $replaceRegexp = "/^([a-z]|[\\xc0-\\xff][\\x80-\\xbf]*)|" .
2827                                 "$breaks([a-z]|[\\xc0-\\xff][\\x80-\\xbf]*)/";
2828
2829                         return preg_replace_callback(
2830                                 $replaceRegexp,
2831                                 [ $this, 'ucwordbreaksCallbackMB' ],
2832                                 $str
2833                         );
2834                 } else {
2835                         return preg_replace_callback(
2836                                 '/\b([\w\x80-\xff]+)\b/',
2837                                 [ $this, 'ucwordbreaksCallbackAscii' ],
2838                                 $str
2839                         );
2840                 }
2841         }
2842
2843         /**
2844          * Return a case-folded representation of $s
2845          *
2846          * This is a representation such that caseFold($s1)==caseFold($s2) if $s1
2847          * and $s2 are the same except for the case of their characters. It is not
2848          * necessary for the value returned to make sense when displayed.
2849          *
2850          * Do *not* perform any other normalisation in this function. If a caller
2851          * uses this function when it should be using a more general normalisation
2852          * function, then fix the caller.
2853          *
2854          * @param string $s
2855          *
2856          * @return string
2857          */
2858         function caseFold( $s ) {
2859                 return $this->uc( $s );
2860         }
2861
2862         /**
2863          * TODO: $s is not always a string per T218883
2864          * @param string $s
2865          * @return string
2866          */
2867         function checkTitleEncoding( $s ) {
2868                 if ( is_array( $s ) ) {
2869                         throw new MWException( 'Given array to checkTitleEncoding.' );
2870                 }
2871                 if ( StringUtils::isUtf8( $s ) ) {
2872                         return $s;
2873                 }
2874
2875                 return $this->iconv( $this->fallback8bitEncoding(), 'utf-8', $s );
2876         }
2877
2878         /**
2879          * @return string
2880          */
2881         function fallback8bitEncoding() {
2882                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'fallback8bitEncoding' );
2883         }
2884
2885         /**
2886          * Most writing systems use whitespace to break up words.
2887          * Some languages such as Chinese don't conventionally do this,
2888          * which requires special handling when breaking up words for
2889          * searching etc.
2890          *
2891          * @return bool
2892          */
2893         function hasWordBreaks() {
2894                 return true;
2895         }
2896
2897         /**
2898          * Some languages such as Chinese require word segmentation,
2899          * Specify such segmentation when overridden in derived class.
2900          *
2901          * @param string $string
2902          * @return string
2903          */
2904         function segmentByWord( $string ) {
2905                 return $string;
2906         }
2907
2908         /**
2909          * Some languages have special punctuation need to be normalized.
2910          * Make such changes here.
2911          *
2912          * @param string $string
2913          * @return string
2914          */
2915         function normalizeForSearch( $string ) {
2916                 return self::convertDoubleWidth( $string );
2917         }
2918
2919         /**
2920          * convert double-width roman characters to single-width.
2921          * range: ff00-ff5f ~= 0020-007f
2922          *
2923          * @param string $string
2924          *
2925          * @return string
2926          */
2927         protected static function convertDoubleWidth( $string ) {
2928                 static $full = null;
2929                 static $half = null;
2930
2931                 if ( $full === null ) {
2932                         $fullWidth = "０１２３４５６７８９ＡＢＣＤＥＦＧＨＩＪＫＬＭＮＯＰＱＲＳＴＵＶＷＸＹＺａｂｃｄｅｆｇｈｉｊｋｌｍｎｏｐｑｒｓｔｕｖｗｘｙｚ";
2933                         $halfWidth = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
2934                         $full = str_split( $fullWidth, 3 );
2935                         $half = str_split( $halfWidth );
2936                 }
2937
2938                 $string = str_replace( $full, $half, $string );
2939                 return $string;
2940         }
2941
2942         /**
2943          * @param string $string
2944          * @param string $pattern
2945          * @return string
2946          */
2947         protected static function insertSpace( $string, $pattern ) {
2948                 $string = preg_replace( $pattern, " $1 ", $string );
2949                 $string = preg_replace( '/ +/', ' ', $string );
2950                 return $string;
2951         }
2952
2953         /**
2954          * @param array $termsArray
2955          * @return array
2956          */
2957         function convertForSearchResult( $termsArray ) {
2958                 # some languages, e.g. Chinese, need to do a conversion
2959                 # in order for search results to be displayed correctly
2960                 return $termsArray;
2961         }
2962
2963         /**
2964          * Get the first character of a string.
2965          *
2966          * @param string $s
2967          * @return string
2968          */
2969         function firstChar( $s ) {
2970                 $matches = [];
2971                 preg_match(
2972                         '/^([\x00-\x7f]|[\xc0-\xdf][\x80-\xbf]|' .
2973                                 '[\xe0-\xef][\x80-\xbf]{2}|[\xf0-\xf7][\x80-\xbf]{3})/',
2974                         $s,
2975                         $matches
2976                 );
2977
2978                 if ( isset( $matches[1] ) ) {
2979                         if ( strlen( $matches[1] ) != 3 ) {
2980                                 return $matches[1];
2981                         }
2982
2983                         // Break down Hangul syllables to grab the first jamo
2984                         $code = UtfNormal\Utils::utf8ToCodepoint( $matches[1] );
2985                         if ( $code < 0xac00 || 0xd7a4 <= $code ) {
2986                                 return $matches[1];
2987                         } elseif ( $code < 0xb098 ) {
2988                                 return "\u{3131}";
2989                         } elseif ( $code < 0xb2e4 ) {
2990                                 return "\u{3134}";
2991                         } elseif ( $code < 0xb77c ) {
2992                                 return "\u{3137}";
2993                         } elseif ( $code < 0xb9c8 ) {
2994                                 return "\u{3139}";
2995                         } elseif ( $code < 0xbc14 ) {
2996                                 return "\u{3141}";
2997                         } elseif ( $code < 0xc0ac ) {
2998                                 return "\u{3142}";
2999                         } elseif ( $code < 0xc544 ) {
3000                                 return "\u{3145}";
3001                         } elseif ( $code < 0xc790 ) {
3002                                 return "\u{3147}";
3003                         } elseif ( $code < 0xcc28 ) {
3004                                 return "\u{3148}";
3005                         } elseif ( $code < 0xce74 ) {
3006                                 return "\u{314A}";
3007                         } elseif ( $code < 0xd0c0 ) {
3008                                 return "\u{314B}";
3009                         } elseif ( $code < 0xd30c ) {
3010                                 return "\u{314C}";
3011                         } elseif ( $code < 0xd558 ) {
3012                                 return "\u{314D}";
3013                         } else {
3014                                 return "\u{314E}";
3015                         }
3016                 } else {
3017                         return '';
3018                 }
3019         }
3020
3021         /**
3022          * @deprecated No-op since 1.28
3023          */
3024         function initEncoding() {
3025                 wfDeprecated( __METHOD__, '1.28' );
3026                 // No-op.
3027         }
3028
3029         /**
3030          * @param string $s
3031          * @return string
3032          * @deprecated No-op since 1.28
3033          */
3034         function recodeForEdit( $s ) {
3035                 wfDeprecated( __METHOD__, '1.28' );
3036                 return $s;
3037         }
3038
3039         /**
3040          * @param string $s
3041          * @return string
3042          * @deprecated No-op since 1.28
3043          */
3044         function recodeInput( $s ) {
3045                 wfDeprecated( __METHOD__, '1.28' );
3046                 return $s;
3047         }
3048
3049         /**
3050          * Convert a UTF-8 string to normal form C. In Malayalam and Arabic, this
3051          * also cleans up certain backwards-compatible sequences, converting them
3052          * to the modern Unicode equivalent.
3053          *
3054          * This is language-specific for performance reasons only.
3055          *
3056          * @param string $s
3057          *
3058          * @return string
3059          */
3060         public function normalize( $s ) {
3061                 global $wgAllUnicodeFixes;
3062                 $s = UtfNormal\Validator::cleanUp( $s );
3063                 if ( $wgAllUnicodeFixes ) {
3064                         $s = $this->transformUsingPairFile( 'normalize-ar.php', $s );
3065                         $s = $this->transformUsingPairFile( 'normalize-ml.php', $s );
3066                 }
3067
3068                 return $s;
3069         }
3070
3071         /**
3072          * Transform a string using serialized data stored in the given file (which
3073          * must be in the serialized subdirectory of $IP). The file contains pairs
3074          * mapping source characters to destination characters.
3075          *
3076          * The data is cached in process memory. This will go faster if you have the
3077          * FastStringSearch extension.
3078          *
3079          * @param string $file
3080          * @param string $string
3081          *
3082          * @throws MWException
3083          * @return string
3084          */
3085         protected function transformUsingPairFile( $file, $string ) {
3086                 if ( !isset( $this->transformData[$file] ) ) {
3087                         global $IP;
3088                         $data = require "$IP/languages/data/{$file}";
3089                         $this->transformData[$file] = new ReplacementArray( $data );
3090                 }
3091                 return $this->transformData[$file]->replace( $string );
3092         }
3093
3094         /**
3095          * For right-to-left language support
3096          *
3097          * @return bool
3098          */
3099         function isRTL() {
3100                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'rtl' );
3101         }
3102
3103         /**
3104          * Return the correct HTML 'dir' attribute value for this language.
3105          * @return string
3106          */
3107         function getDir() {
3108                 return $this->isRTL() ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
3109         }
3110
3111         /**
3112          * Return 'left' or 'right' as appropriate alignment for line-start
3113          * for this language's text direction.
3114          *
3115          * Should be equivalent to CSS3 'start' text-align value....
3116          *
3117          * @return string
3118          */
3119         function alignStart() {
3120                 return $this->isRTL() ? 'right' : 'left';
3121         }
3122
3123         /**
3124          * Return 'right' or 'left' as appropriate alignment for line-end
3125          * for this language's text direction.
3126          *
3127          * Should be equivalent to CSS3 'end' text-align value....
3128          *
3129          * @return string
3130          */
3131         function alignEnd() {
3132                 return $this->isRTL() ? 'left' : 'right';
3133         }
3134
3135         /**
3136          * A hidden direction mark (LRM or RLM), depending on the language direction.
3137          * Unlike getDirMark(), this function returns the character as an HTML entity.
3138          * This function should be used when the output is guaranteed to be HTML,
3139          * because it makes the output HTML source code more readable. When
3140          * the output is plain text or can be escaped, getDirMark() should be used.
3141          *
3142          * @param bool $opposite Get the direction mark opposite to your language
3143          * @return string
3144          * @since 1.20
3145          */
3146         function getDirMarkEntity( $opposite = false ) {
3147                 if ( $opposite ) {
3148                         return $this->isRTL() ? '&lrm;' : '&rlm;';
3149                 }
3150                 return $this->isRTL() ? '&rlm;' : '&lrm;';
3151         }
3152
3153         /**
3154          * A hidden direction mark (LRM or RLM), depending on the language direction.
3155          * This function produces them as invisible Unicode characters and
3156          * the output may be hard to read and debug, so it should only be used
3157          * when the output is plain text or can be escaped. When the output is
3158          * HTML, use getDirMarkEntity() instead.
3159          *
3160          * @param bool $opposite Get the direction mark opposite to your language
3161          * @return string
3162          */
3163         function getDirMark( $opposite = false ) {
3164                 $lrm = "\u{200E}"; # LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK, commonly abbreviated LRM
3165                 $rlm = "\u{200F}"; # RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK, commonly abbreviated RLM
3166                 if ( $opposite ) {
3167                         return $this->isRTL() ? $lrm : $rlm;
3168                 }
3169                 return $this->isRTL() ? $rlm : $lrm;
3170         }
3171
3172         /**
3173          * @return array
3174          */
3175         function capitalizeAllNouns() {
3176                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'capitalizeAllNouns' );
3177         }
3178
3179         /**
3180          * An arrow, depending on the language direction.
3181          *
3182          * @param string $direction The direction of the arrow: forwards (default),
3183          *   backwards, left, right, up, down.
3184          * @return string
3185          */
3186         function getArrow( $direction = 'forwards' ) {
3187                 switch ( $direction ) {
3188                         case 'forwards':
3189                                 return $this->isRTL() ? '←' : '→';
3190                         case 'backwards':
3191                                 return $this->isRTL() ? '→' : '←';
3192                         case 'left':
3193                                 return '←';
3194                         case 'right':
3195                                 return '→';
3196                         case 'up':
3197                                 return '↑';
3198                         case 'down':
3199                                 return '↓';
3200                 }
3201         }
3202
3203         /**
3204          * To allow "foo[[bar]]" to extend the link over the whole word "foobar"
3205          *
3206          * @return bool
3207          */
3208         function linkPrefixExtension() {
3209                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'linkPrefixExtension' );
3210         }
3211
3212         /**
3213          * Get all magic words from cache.
3214          * @return array
3215          */
3216         function getMagicWords() {
3217                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'magicWords' );
3218         }
3219
3220         /**
3221          * Fill a MagicWord object with data from here
3222          *
3223          * @param MagicWord $mw
3224          */
3225         function getMagic( $mw ) {
3226                 $rawEntry = $this->mMagicExtensions[$mw->mId] ??
3227                         self::$dataCache->getSubitem( $this->mCode, 'magicWords', $mw->mId );
3228
3229                 if ( !is_array( $rawEntry ) ) {
3230                         wfWarn( "\"$rawEntry\" is not a valid magic word for \"$mw->mId\"" );
3231                 } else {
3232                         $mw->mCaseSensitive = $rawEntry[0];
3233                         $mw->mSynonyms = array_slice( $rawEntry, 1 );
3234                 }
3235         }
3236
3237         /**
3238          * Add magic words to the extension array
3239          *
3240          * @param array $newWords
3241          */
3242         function addMagicWordsByLang( $newWords ) {
3243                 $fallbackChain = $this->getFallbackLanguages();
3244                 $fallbackChain = array_reverse( $fallbackChain );
3245                 foreach ( $fallbackChain as $code ) {
3246                         if ( isset( $newWords[$code] ) ) {
3247                                 $this->mMagicExtensions = $newWords[$code] + $this->mMagicExtensions;
3248                         }
3249                 }
3250         }
3251
3252         /**
3253          * Get special page names, as an associative array
3254          *   canonical name => array of valid names, including aliases
3255          * @return array
3256          */
3257         function getSpecialPageAliases() {
3258                 // Cache aliases because it may be slow to load them
3259                 if ( is_null( $this->mExtendedSpecialPageAliases ) ) {
3260                         // Initialise array
3261                         $this->mExtendedSpecialPageAliases =
3262                                 self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'specialPageAliases' );
3263                 }
3264
3265                 return $this->mExtendedSpecialPageAliases;
3266         }
3267
3268         /**
3269          * Italic is unsuitable for some languages
3270          *
3271          * @param string $text The text to be emphasized.
3272          * @return string
3273          */
3274         function emphasize( $text ) {
3275                 return "<em>$text</em>";
3276         }
3277
3278         /**
3279          * Normally we output all numbers in plain en_US style, that is
3280          * 293,291.235 for twohundredninetythreethousand-twohundredninetyone
3281          * point twohundredthirtyfive. However this is not suitable for all
3282          * languages, some such as Bengali (bn) want ২,৯৩,২৯১.২৩৫ and others such as
3283          * Icelandic just want to use commas instead of dots, and dots instead
3284          * of commas like "293.291,235".
3285          *
3286          * An example of this function being called:
3287          * <code>
3288          * wfMessage( 'message' )->numParams( $num )->text()
3289          * </code>
3290          *
3291          * See $separatorTransformTable on MessageIs.php for
3292          * the , => . and . => , implementation.
3293          *
3294          * @todo check if it's viable to use localeconv() for the decimal separator thing.
3295          * @param int|float $number The string to be formatted, should be an integer
3296          *   or a floating point number.
3297          * @param bool $nocommafy Set to true for special numbers like dates
3298          * @return string
3299          */
3300         public function formatNum( $number, $nocommafy = false ) {
3301                 global $wgTranslateNumerals;
3302                 if ( !$nocommafy ) {
3303                         $number = $this->commafy( $number );
3304                         $s = $this->separatorTransformTable();
3305                         if ( $s ) {
3306                                 $number = strtr( $number, $s );
3307                         }
3308                 }
3309
3310                 if ( $wgTranslateNumerals ) {
3311                         $s = $this->digitTransformTable();
3312                         if ( $s ) {
3313                                 $number = strtr( $number, $s );
3314                         }
3315                 }
3316
3317                 return (string)$number;
3318         }
3319
3320         /**
3321          * Front-end for non-commafied formatNum
3322          *
3323          * @param int|float $number The string to be formatted, should be an integer
3324          *        or a floating point number.
3325          * @since 1.21
3326          * @return string
3327          */
3328         public function formatNumNoSeparators( $number ) {
3329                 return $this->formatNum( $number, true );
3330         }
3331
3332         /**
3333          * @param string $number
3334          * @return string
3335          */
3336         public function parseFormattedNumber( $number ) {
3337                 $s = $this->digitTransformTable();
3338                 if ( $s ) {
3339                         // eliminate empty array values such as ''. (T66347)
3340                         $s = array_filter( $s );
3341                         $number = strtr( $number, array_flip( $s ) );
3342                 }
3343
3344                 $s = $this->separatorTransformTable();
3345                 if ( $s ) {
3346                         // eliminate empty array values such as ''. (T66347)
3347                         $s = array_filter( $s );
3348                         $number = strtr( $number, array_flip( $s ) );
3349                 }
3350
3351                 $number = strtr( $number, [ ',' => '' ] );
3352                 return $number;
3353         }
3354
3355         /**
3356          * Adds commas to a given number
3357          * @since 1.19
3358          * @param mixed $number
3359          * @return string
3360          */
3361         function commafy( $number ) {
3362                 $digitGroupingPattern = $this->digitGroupingPattern();
3363                 $minimumGroupingDigits = $this->minimumGroupingDigits();
3364                 if ( $number === null ) {
3365                         return '';
3366                 }
3367
3368                 if ( !$digitGroupingPattern || $digitGroupingPattern === "###,###,###" ) {
3369                         // Default grouping is at thousands, use the same for ###,###,### pattern too.
3370                         // In some languages it's conventional not to insert a thousands separator
3371                         // in numbers that are four digits long (1000-9999).
3372                         if ( $minimumGroupingDigits ) {
3373                                 // Number of '#' characters after last comma in the grouping pattern.
3374                                 // The pattern is hardcoded here, but this would vary for different patterns.
3375                                 $primaryGroupingSize = 3;
3376                                 // Maximum length of a number to suppress digit grouping for.
3377                                 $maximumLength = $minimumGroupingDigits + $primaryGroupingSize - 1;
3378                                 if ( preg_match( '/^\-?\d{1,' . $maximumLength . '}(\.\d+)?$/', $number ) ) {
3379                                         return $number;
3380                                 }
3381                         }
3382                         return strrev( (string)preg_replace( '/(\d{3})(?=\d)(?!\d*\.)/', '$1,', strrev( $number ) ) );
3383                 } else {
3384                         // Ref: http://cldr.unicode.org/translation/number-patterns
3385                         $sign = "";
3386                         if ( intval( $number ) < 0 ) {
3387                                 // For negative numbers apply the algorithm like positive number and add sign.
3388                                 $sign = "-";
3389                                 $number = substr( $number, 1 );
3390                         }
3391                         $integerPart = [];
3392                         $decimalPart = [];
3393                         $numMatches = preg_match_all( "/(#+)/", $digitGroupingPattern, $matches );
3394                         preg_match( "/\d+/", $number, $integerPart );
3395                         preg_match( "/\.\d*/", $number, $decimalPart );
3396                         $groupedNumber = ( count( $decimalPart ) > 0 ) ? $decimalPart[0] : "";
3397                         if ( $groupedNumber === $number ) {
3398                                 // the string does not have any number part. Eg: .12345
3399                                 return $sign . $groupedNumber;
3400                         }
3401                         $start = $end = ( $integerPart ) ? strlen( $integerPart[0] ) : 0;
3402                         while ( $start > 0 ) {
3403                                 $match = $matches[0][$numMatches - 1];
3404                                 $matchLen = strlen( $match );
3405                                 $start = $end - $matchLen;
3406                                 if ( $start < 0 ) {
3407                                         $start = 0;
3408                                 }
3409                                 $groupedNumber = substr( $number, $start, $end - $start ) . $groupedNumber;
3410                                 $end = $start;
3411                                 if ( $numMatches > 1 ) {
3412                                         // use the last pattern for the rest of the number
3413                                         $numMatches--;
3414                                 }
3415                                 if ( $start > 0 ) {
3416                                         $groupedNumber = "," . $groupedNumber;
3417                                 }
3418                         }
3419                         return $sign . $groupedNumber;
3420                 }
3421         }
3422
3423         /**
3424          * @return string
3425          */
3426         function digitGroupingPattern() {
3427                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'digitGroupingPattern' );
3428         }
3429
3430         /**
3431          * @return array
3432          */
3433         function digitTransformTable() {
3434                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'digitTransformTable' );
3435         }
3436
3437         /**
3438          * @return array
3439          */
3440         function separatorTransformTable() {
3441                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'separatorTransformTable' );
3442         }
3443
3444         /**
3445          * @return int|null
3446          */
3447         function minimumGroupingDigits() {
3448                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'minimumGroupingDigits' );
3449         }
3450
3451         /**
3452          * Take a list of strings and build a locale-friendly comma-separated
3453          * list, using the local comma-separator message.
3454          * The last two strings are chained with an "and".
3455          *
3456          * @param string[] $list
3457          * @return string
3458          */
3459         public function listToText( array $list ) {
3460                 $itemCount = count( $list );
3461                 if ( $itemCount < 1 ) {
3462                         return '';
3463                 }
3464                 $text = array_pop( $list );
3465                 if ( $itemCount > 1 ) {
3466                         $and = $this->msg( 'and' )->escaped();
3467                         $space = $this->msg( 'word-separator' )->escaped();
3468                         $comma = '';
3469                         if ( $itemCount > 2 ) {
3470                                 $comma = $this->msg( 'comma-separator' )->escaped();
3471                         }
3472                         $text = implode( $comma, $list ) . $and . $space . $text;
3473                 }
3474                 return $text;
3475         }
3476
3477         /**
3478          * Take a list of strings and build a locale-friendly comma-separated
3479          * list, using the local comma-separator message.
3480          * @param string[] $list Array of strings to put in a comma list
3481          * @return string
3482          */
3483         function commaList( array $list ) {
3484                 return implode(
3485                         wfMessage( 'comma-separator' )->inLanguage( $this )->escaped(),
3486                         $list
3487                 );
3488         }
3489
3490         /**
3491          * Take a list of strings and build a locale-friendly semicolon-separated
3492          * list, using the local semicolon-separator message.
3493          * @param string[] $list Array of strings to put in a semicolon list
3494          * @return string
3495          */
3496         function semicolonList( array $list ) {
3497                 return implode(
3498                         wfMessage( 'semicolon-separator' )->inLanguage( $this )->escaped(),
3499                         $list
3500                 );
3501         }
3502
3503         /**
3504          * Same as commaList, but separate it with the pipe instead.
3505          * @param string[] $list Array of strings to put in a pipe list
3506          * @return string
3507          */
3508         function pipeList( array $list ) {
3509                 return implode(
3510                         wfMessage( 'pipe-separator' )->inLanguage( $this )->escaped(),
3511                         $list
3512                 );
3513         }
3514
3515         /**
3516          * Truncate a string to a specified length in bytes, appending an optional
3517          * string (e.g. for ellipsis)
3518          *
3519          * If $length is negative, the string will be truncated from the beginning
3520          *
3521          * @since 1.31
3522          *
3523          * @param string $string String to truncate
3524          * @param int $length Maximum length in bytes
3525          * @param string $ellipsis String to append to the end of truncated text
3526          * @param bool $adjustLength Subtract length of ellipsis from $length
3527          *
3528          * @return string
3529          */
3530         function truncateForDatabase( $string, $length, $ellipsis = '...', $adjustLength = true ) {
3531                 return $this->truncateInternal(
3532                         $string, $length, $ellipsis, $adjustLength, 'strlen', 'substr'
3533                 );
3534         }
3535
3536         /**
3537          * Truncate a string to a specified number of characters, appending an optional
3538          * string (e.g. for ellipsis).
3539          *
3540          * This provides multibyte version of truncateForDatabase() method of this class,
3541          * suitable for truncation based on number of characters, instead of number of bytes.
3542          *
3543          * If $length is negative, the string will be truncated from the beginning.
3544          *
3545          * @since 1.31
3546          *
3547          * @param string $string String to truncate
3548          * @param int $length Maximum number of characters
3549          * @param string $ellipsis String to append to the end of truncated text
3550          * @param bool $adjustLength Subtract length of ellipsis from $length
3551          *
3552          * @return string
3553          */
3554         function truncateForVisual( $string, $length, $ellipsis = '...', $adjustLength = true ) {
3555                 // Passing encoding to mb_strlen and mb_substr is optional.
3556                 // Encoding defaults to mb_internal_encoding(), which is set to UTF-8 in Setup.php, so
3557                 // explicit specification of encoding is skipped.
3558                 // Note: Both multibyte methods are callables invoked in truncateInternal.
3559                 return $this->truncateInternal(
3560                         $string, $length, $ellipsis, $adjustLength, 'mb_strlen', 'mb_substr'
3561                 );
3562         }
3563
3564         /**
3565          * Internal method used for truncation. This method abstracts text truncation into
3566          * one common method, allowing users to provide length measurement function and
3567          * function for finding substring.
3568          *
3569          * For usages, see truncateForDatabase and truncateForVisual.
3570          *
3571          * @param string $string String to truncate
3572          * @param int $length Maximum length of final text
3573          * @param string $ellipsis String to append to the end of truncated text
3574          * @param bool $adjustLength Subtract length of ellipsis from $length
3575          * @param callable $measureLength Callable function used for determining the length of text
3576          * @param callable $getSubstring Callable function used for getting the substrings
3577          *
3578          * @return string
3579          */
3580         private function truncateInternal(
3581                 $string, $length, $ellipsis, $adjustLength, callable $measureLength, callable $getSubstring
3582         ) {
3583                 # Check if there is no need to truncate
3584                 if ( $measureLength( $string ) <= abs( $length ) ) {
3585                         return $string; // no need to truncate
3586                 }
3587
3588                 # Use the localized ellipsis character
3589                 if ( $ellipsis == '...' ) {
3590                         $ellipsis = wfMessage( 'ellipsis' )->inLanguage( $this )->escaped();
3591                 }
3592                 if ( $length == 0 ) {
3593                         return $ellipsis; // convention
3594                 }
3595
3596                 $stringOriginal = $string;
3597                 # If ellipsis length is >= $length then we can't apply $adjustLength
3598                 if ( $adjustLength && $measureLength( $ellipsis ) >= abs( $length ) ) {
3599                         $string = $ellipsis; // this can be slightly unexpected
3600                 # Otherwise, truncate and add ellipsis...
3601                 } else {
3602                         $ellipsisLength = $adjustLength ? $measureLength( $ellipsis ) : 0;
3603                         if ( $length > 0 ) {
3604                                 $length -= $ellipsisLength;
3605                                 $string = $getSubstring( $string, 0, $length ); // xyz...
3606                                 $string = $this->removeBadCharLast( $string );
3607                                 $string = rtrim( $string ) . $ellipsis;
3608                         } else {
3609                                 $length += $ellipsisLength;
3610                                 $string = $getSubstring( $string, $length ); // ...xyz
3611                                 $string = $this->removeBadCharFirst( $string );
3612                                 $string = $ellipsis . ltrim( $string );
3613                         }
3614                 }
3615
3616                 # Do not truncate if the ellipsis makes the string longer/equal (T24181).
3617                 # This check is *not* redundant if $adjustLength, due to the single case where
3618                 # LEN($ellipsis) > ABS($limit arg); $stringOriginal could be shorter than $string.
3619                 if ( $measureLength( $string ) < $measureLength( $stringOriginal ) ) {
3620                         return $string;
3621                 } else {
3622                         return $stringOriginal;
3623                 }
3624         }
3625
3626         /**
3627          * Remove bytes that represent an incomplete Unicode character
3628          * at the end of string (e.g. bytes of the char are missing)
3629          *
3630          * @param string $string
3631          * @return string
3632          */
3633         protected function removeBadCharLast( $string ) {
3634                 if ( $string != '' ) {
3635                         $char = ord( $string[strlen( $string ) - 1] );
3636                         $m = [];
3637                         if ( $char >= 0xc0 ) {
3638                                 # We got the first byte only of a multibyte char; remove it.
3639                                 $string = substr( $string, 0, -1 );
3640                         } elseif ( $char >= 0x80 &&
3641                                 // Use the /s modifier (PCRE_DOTALL) so (.*) also matches newlines
3642                                 preg_match( '/^(.*)(?:[\xe0-\xef][\x80-\xbf]|' .
3643                                         '[\xf0-\xf7][\x80-\xbf]{1,2})$/s', $string, $m )
3644                         ) {
3645                                 # We chopped in the middle of a character; remove it
3646                                 $string = $m[1];
3647                         }
3648                 }
3649                 return $string;
3650         }
3651
3652         /**
3653          * Remove bytes that represent an incomplete Unicode character
3654          * at the start of string (e.g. bytes of the char are missing)
3655          *
3656          * @param string $string
3657          * @return string
3658          */
3659         protected function removeBadCharFirst( $string ) {
3660                 if ( $string != '' ) {
3661                         $char = ord( $string[0] );
3662                         if ( $char >= 0x80 && $char < 0xc0 ) {
3663                                 # We chopped in the middle of a character; remove the whole thing
3664                                 $string = preg_replace( '/^[\x80-\xbf]+/', '', $string );
3665                         }
3666                 }
3667                 return $string;
3668         }
3669
3670         /**
3671          * Truncate a string of valid HTML to a specified length in bytes,
3672          * appending an optional string (e.g. for ellipses), and return valid HTML
3673          *
3674          * This is only intended for styled/linked text, such as HTML with
3675          * tags like <span> and <a>, were the tags are self-contained (valid HTML).
3676          * Also, this will not detect things like "display:none" CSS.
3677          *
3678          * Note: since 1.18 you do not need to leave extra room in $length for ellipses.
3679          *
3680          * @param string $text HTML string to truncate
3681          * @param int $length (zero/positive) Maximum length (including ellipses)
3682          * @param string $ellipsis String to append to the truncated text
3683          * @return string
3684          */
3685         function truncateHtml( $text, $length, $ellipsis = '...' ) {
3686                 # Use the localized ellipsis character
3687                 if ( $ellipsis == '...' ) {
3688                         $ellipsis = wfMessage( 'ellipsis' )->inLanguage( $this )->escaped();
3689                 }
3690                 # Check if there is clearly no need to truncate
3691                 if ( $length <= 0 ) {
3692                         return $ellipsis; // no text shown, nothing to format (convention)
3693                 } elseif ( strlen( $text ) <= $length ) {
3694                         return $text; // string short enough even *with* HTML (short-circuit)
3695                 }
3696
3697                 $dispLen = 0; // innerHTML legth so far
3698                 $testingEllipsis = false; // checking if ellipses will make string longer/equal?
3699                 $tagType = 0; // 0-open, 1-close
3700                 $bracketState = 0; // 1-tag start, 2-tag name, 0-neither
3701                 $entityState = 0; // 0-not entity, 1-entity
3702                 $tag = $ret = ''; // accumulated tag name, accumulated result string
3703                 $openTags = []; // open tag stack
3704                 $maybeState = null; // possible truncation state
3705
3706                 $textLen = strlen( $text );
3707                 $neLength = max( 0, $length - strlen( $ellipsis ) ); // non-ellipsis len if truncated
3708                 for ( $pos = 0; true; ++$pos ) {
3709                         # Consider truncation once the display length has reached the maximim.
3710                         # We check if $dispLen > 0 to grab tags for the $neLength = 0 case.
3711                         # Check that we're not in the middle of a bracket/entity...
3712                         if ( $dispLen && $dispLen >= $neLength && $bracketState == 0 && !$entityState ) {
3713                                 if ( !$testingEllipsis ) {
3714                                         $testingEllipsis = true;
3715                                         # Save where we are; we will truncate here unless there turn out to
3716                                         # be so few remaining characters that truncation is not necessary.
3717                                         if ( !$maybeState ) { // already saved? ($neLength = 0 case)
3718                                                 $maybeState = [ $ret, $openTags ]; // save state
3719                                         }
3720                                 } elseif ( $dispLen > $length && $dispLen > strlen( $ellipsis ) ) {
3721                                         # String in fact does need truncation, the truncation point was OK.
3722                                         // @phan-suppress-next-line PhanTypeInvalidExpressionArrayDestructuring
3723                                         list( $ret, $openTags ) = $maybeState; // reload state
3724                                         $ret = $this->removeBadCharLast( $ret ); // multi-byte char fix
3725                                         $ret .= $ellipsis; // add ellipsis
3726                                         break;
3727                                 }
3728                         }
3729                         if ( $pos >= $textLen ) {
3730                                 break; // extra iteration just for above checks
3731                         }
3732
3733                         # Read the next char...
3734                         $ch = $text[$pos];
3735                         $lastCh = $pos ? $text[$pos - 1] : '';
3736                         $ret .= $ch; // add to result string
3737                         if ( $ch == '<' ) {
3738                                 $this->truncate_endBracket( $tag, $tagType, $lastCh, $openTags ); // for bad HTML
3739                                 $entityState = 0; // for bad HTML
3740                                 $bracketState = 1; // tag started (checking for backslash)
3741                         } elseif ( $ch == '>' ) {
3742                                 $this->truncate_endBracket( $tag, $tagType, $lastCh, $openTags );
3743                                 $entityState = 0; // for bad HTML
3744                                 $bracketState = 0; // out of brackets
3745                         } elseif ( $bracketState == 1 ) {
3746                                 if ( $ch == '/' ) {
3747                                         $tagType = 1; // close tag (e.g. "</span>")
3748                                 } else {
3749                                         $tagType = 0; // open tag (e.g. "<span>")
3750                                         $tag .= $ch;
3751                                 }
3752                                 $bracketState = 2; // building tag name
3753                         } elseif ( $bracketState == 2 ) {
3754                                 if ( $ch != ' ' ) {
3755                                         $tag .= $ch;
3756                                 } else {
3757                                         // Name found (e.g. "<a href=..."), add on tag attributes...
3758                                         $pos += $this->truncate_skip( $ret, $text, "<>", $pos + 1 );
3759                                 }
3760                         } elseif ( $bracketState == 0 ) {
3761                                 if ( $entityState ) {
3762                                         if ( $ch == ';' ) {
3763                                                 $entityState = 0;
3764                                                 $dispLen++; // entity is one displayed char
3765                                         }
3766                                 } else {
3767                                         if ( $neLength == 0 && !$maybeState ) {
3768                                                 // Save state without $ch. We want to *hit* the first
3769                                                 // display char (to get tags) but not *use* it if truncating.
3770                                                 $maybeState = [ substr( $ret, 0, -1 ), $openTags ];
3771                                         }
3772                                         if ( $ch == '&' ) {
3773                                                 $entityState = 1; // entity found, (e.g. "&#160;")
3774                                         } else {
3775                                                 $dispLen++; // this char is displayed
3776                                                 // Add the next $max display text chars after this in one swoop...
3777                                                 $max = ( $testingEllipsis ? $length : $neLength ) - $dispLen;
3778                                                 $skipped = $this->truncate_skip( $ret, $text, "<>&", $pos + 1, $max );
3779                                                 $dispLen += $skipped;
3780                                                 $pos += $skipped;
3781                                         }
3782                                 }
3783                         }
3784                 }
3785                 // Close the last tag if left unclosed by bad HTML
3786                 $this->truncate_endBracket( $tag, $text[$textLen - 1], $tagType, $openTags );
3787                 while ( count( $openTags ) > 0 ) {
3788                         $ret .= '</' . array_pop( $openTags ) . '>'; // close open tags
3789                 }
3790                 return $ret;
3791         }
3792
3793         /**
3794          * truncateHtml() helper function
3795          * like strcspn() but adds the skipped chars to $ret
3796          *
3797          * @param string $ret
3798          * @param string $text
3799          * @param string $search
3800          * @param int $start
3801          * @param null|int $len
3802          * @return int
3803          */
3804         private function truncate_skip( &$ret, $text, $search, $start, $len = null ) {
3805                 if ( $len === null ) {
3806                         $len = -1; // -1 means "no limit" for strcspn
3807                 } elseif ( $len < 0 ) {
3808                         $len = 0; // sanity
3809                 }
3810                 $skipCount = 0;
3811                 if ( $start < strlen( $text ) ) {
3812                         $skipCount = strcspn( $text, $search, $start, $len );
3813                         $ret .= substr( $text, $start, $skipCount );
3814                 }
3815                 return $skipCount;
3816         }
3817
3818         /**
3819          * truncateHtml() helper function
3820          * (a) push or pop $tag from $openTags as needed
3821          * (b) clear $tag value
3822          * @param string &$tag Current HTML tag name we are looking at
3823          * @param int $tagType (0-open tag, 1-close tag)
3824          * @param string $lastCh Character before the '>' that ended this tag
3825          * @param array &$openTags Open tag stack (not accounting for $tag)
3826          */
3827         private function truncate_endBracket( &$tag, $tagType, $lastCh, &$openTags ) {
3828                 $tag = ltrim( $tag );
3829                 if ( $tag != '' ) {
3830                         if ( $tagType == 0 && $lastCh != '/' ) {
3831                                 $openTags[] = $tag; // tag opened (didn't close itself)
3832                         } elseif ( $tagType == 1 ) {
3833                                 if ( $openTags && $tag == $openTags[count( $openTags ) - 1] ) {
3834                                         array_pop( $openTags ); // tag closed
3835                                 }
3836                         }
3837                         $tag = '';
3838                 }
3839         }
3840
3841         /**
3842          * Grammatical transformations, needed for inflected languages
3843          * Invoked by putting {{grammar:case|word}} in a message
3844          *
3845          * @param string $word
3846          * @param string $case
3847          * @return string
3848          */
3849         function convertGrammar( $word, $case ) {
3850                 global $wgGrammarForms;
3851                 if ( isset( $wgGrammarForms[$this->getCode()][$case][$word] ) ) {
3852                         return $wgGrammarForms[$this->getCode()][$case][$word];
3853                 }
3854
3855                 $grammarTransformations = $this->getGrammarTransformations();
3856
3857                 if ( isset( $grammarTransformations[$case] ) ) {
3858                         $forms = $grammarTransformations[$case];
3859
3860                         // Some names of grammar rules are aliases for other rules.
3861                         // In such cases the value is a string rather than object,
3862                         // so load the actual rules.
3863                         if ( is_string( $forms ) ) {
3864                                 $forms = $grammarTransformations[$forms];
3865                         }
3866
3867                         foreach ( array_values( $forms ) as $rule ) {
3868                                 $form = $rule[0];
3869
3870                                 if ( $form === '@metadata' ) {
3871                                         continue;
3872                                 }
3873
3874                                 $replacement = $rule[1];
3875
3876                                 $regex = '/' . addcslashes( $form, '/' ) . '/u';
3877                                 $patternMatches = preg_match( $regex, $word );
3878
3879                                 if ( $patternMatches === false ) {
3880                                         wfLogWarning(
3881                                                 'An error occurred while processing grammar. ' .
3882                                                 "Word: '$word'. Regex: /$form/."
3883                                         );
3884                                 } elseif ( $patternMatches === 1 ) {
3885                                         $word = preg_replace( $regex, $replacement, $word );
3886
3887                                         break;
3888                                 }
3889                         }
3890                 }
3891
3892                 return $word;
3893         }
3894
3895         /**
3896          * Get the grammar forms for the content language
3897          * @return array Array of grammar forms
3898          * @since 1.20
3899          */
3900         function getGrammarForms() {
3901                 global $wgGrammarForms;
3902                 if ( isset( $wgGrammarForms[$this->getCode()] )
3903                         && is_array( $wgGrammarForms[$this->getCode()] )
3904                 ) {
3905                         return $wgGrammarForms[$this->getCode()];
3906                 }
3907
3908                 return [];
3909         }
3910
3911         /**
3912          * Get the grammar transformations data for the language.
3913          * Used like grammar forms, with {{GRAMMAR}} and cases,
3914          * but uses pairs of regexes and replacements instead of code.
3915          *
3916          * @return array[] Array of grammar transformations.
3917          * @throws MWException
3918          * @since 1.28
3919          */
3920         public function getGrammarTransformations() {
3921                 $languageCode = $this->getCode();
3922
3923                 if ( self::$grammarTransformations === null ) {
3924                         self::$grammarTransformations = new MapCacheLRU( 10 );
3925                 }
3926
3927                 if ( self::$grammarTransformations->has( $languageCode ) ) {
3928                         return self::$grammarTransformations->get( $languageCode );
3929                 }
3930
3931                 $data = [];
3932
3933                 $grammarDataFile = __DIR__ . "/data/grammarTransformations/$languageCode.json";
3934                 if ( is_readable( $grammarDataFile ) ) {
3935                         $data = FormatJson::decode(
3936                                 file_get_contents( $grammarDataFile ),
3937                                 true
3938                         );
3939
3940                         if ( $data === null ) {
3941                                 throw new MWException( "Invalid grammar data for \"$languageCode\"." );
3942                         }
3943
3944                         self::$grammarTransformations->set( $languageCode, $data );
3945                 }
3946
3947                 return $data;
3948         }
3949
3950         /**
3951          * Provides an alternative text depending on specified gender.
3952          * Usage {{gender:username|masculine|feminine|unknown}}.
3953          * username is optional, in which case the gender of current user is used,
3954          * but only in (some) interface messages; otherwise default gender is used.
3955          *
3956          * If no forms are given, an empty string is returned. If only one form is
3957          * given, it will be returned unconditionally. These details are implied by
3958          * the caller and cannot be overridden in subclasses.
3959          *
3960          * If three forms are given, the default is to use the third (unknown) form.
3961          * If fewer than three forms are given, the default is to use the first (masculine) form.
3962          * These details can be overridden in subclasses.
3963          *
3964          * @param string $gender
3965          * @param array $forms
3966          *
3967          * @return string
3968          */
3969         function gender( $gender, $forms ) {
3970                 if ( !count( $forms ) ) {
3971                         return '';
3972                 }
3973                 $forms = $this->preConvertPlural( $forms, 2 );
3974                 if ( $gender === 'male' ) {
3975                         return $forms[0];
3976                 }
3977                 if ( $gender === 'female' ) {
3978                         return $forms[1];
3979                 }
3980                 return $forms[2] ?? $forms[0];
3981         }
3982
3983         /**
3984          * Plural form transformations, needed for some languages.
3985          * For example, there are 3 form of plural in Russian and Polish,
3986          * depending on "count mod 10". See [[w:Plural]]
3987          * For English it is pretty simple.
3988          *
3989          * Invoked by putting {{plural:count|wordform1|wordform2}}
3990          * or {{plural:count|wordform1|wordform2|wordform3}}
3991          *
3992          * Example: {{plural:{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}|article|articles}}
3993          *
3994          * @param int $count Non-localized number
3995          * @param array $forms Different plural forms
3996          * @return string Correct form of plural for $count in this language
3997          */
3998         function convertPlural( $count, $forms ) {
3999                 // Handle explicit n=pluralform cases
4000                 $forms = $this->handleExplicitPluralForms( $count, $forms );
4001                 if ( is_string( $forms ) ) {
4002                         return $forms;
4003                 }
4004                 if ( !count( $forms ) ) {
4005                         return '';
4006                 }
4007
4008                 $pluralForm = $this->getPluralRuleIndexNumber( $count );
4009                 $pluralForm = min( $pluralForm, count( $forms ) - 1 );
4010                 return $forms[$pluralForm];
4011         }
4012
4013         /**
4014          * Handles explicit plural forms for Language::convertPlural()
4015          *
4016          * In {{PLURAL:$1|0=nothing|one|many}}, 0=nothing will be returned if $1 equals zero.
4017          * If an explicitly defined plural form matches the $count, then
4018          * string value returned, otherwise array returned for further consideration
4019          * by CLDR rules or overridden convertPlural().
4020          *
4021          * @since 1.23
4022          *
4023          * @param int $count Non-localized number
4024          * @param array $forms Different plural forms
4025          *
4026          * @return array|string
4027          */
4028         protected function handleExplicitPluralForms( $count, array $forms ) {
4029                 foreach ( $forms as $index => $form ) {
4030                         if ( preg_match( '/\d+=/i', $form ) ) {
4031                                 $pos = strpos( $form, '=' );
4032                                 if ( substr( $form, 0, $pos ) === (string)$count ) {
4033                                         return substr( $form, $pos + 1 );
4034                                 }
4035                                 unset( $forms[$index] );
4036                         }
4037                 }
4038                 return array_values( $forms );
4039         }
4040
4041         /**
4042          * Checks that convertPlural was given an array and pads it to requested
4043          * amount of forms by copying the last one.
4044          *
4045          * @param array $forms
4046          * @param int $count How many forms should there be at least
4047          * @return array Padded array of forms
4048          */
4049         protected function preConvertPlural( /* Array */ $forms, $count ) {
4050                 return array_pad( $forms, $count, end( $forms ) );
4051         }
4052
4053         /**
4054          * Wraps argument with unicode control characters for directionality safety
4055          *
4056          * This solves the problem where directionality-neutral characters at the edge of
4057          * the argument string get interpreted with the wrong directionality from the
4058          * enclosing context, giving renderings that look corrupted like "(Ben_(WMF".
4059          *
4060          * The wrapping is LRE...PDF or RLE...PDF, depending on the detected
4061          * directionality of the argument string, using the BIDI algorithm's own "First
4062          * strong directional codepoint" rule. Essentially, this works round the fact that
4063          * there is no embedding equivalent of U+2068 FSI (isolation with heuristic
4064          * direction inference). The latter is cleaner but still not widely supported.
4065          *
4066          * @param string $text Text to wrap
4067          * @return string Text, wrapped in LRE...PDF or RLE...PDF or nothing
4068          */
4069         public function embedBidi( $text = '' ) {
4070                 $dir = self::strongDirFromContent( $text );
4071                 if ( $dir === 'ltr' ) {
4072                         // Wrap in LEFT-TO-RIGHT EMBEDDING ... POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
4073                         return self::$lre . $text . self::$pdf;
4074                 }
4075                 if ( $dir === 'rtl' ) {
4076                         // Wrap in RIGHT-TO-LEFT EMBEDDING ... POP DIRECTIONAL FORMATTING
4077                         return self::$rle . $text . self::$pdf;
4078                 }
4079                 // No strong directionality: do not wrap
4080                 return $text;
4081         }
4082
4083         /**
4084          * @todo Maybe translate block durations.  Note that this function is somewhat misnamed: it
4085          * deals with translating the *duration* ("1 week", "4 days", etc), not the expiry time
4086          * (which is an absolute timestamp). Please note: do NOT add this blindly, as it is used
4087          * on old expiry lengths recorded in log entries. You'd need to provide the start date to
4088          * match up with it.
4089          *
4090          * @param string $str The validated block duration in English
4091          * @param User|null $user User object to use timezone from or null for $wgUser
4092          * @param int $now Current timestamp, for formatting relative block durations
4093          * @return string Somehow translated block duration
4094          * @see LanguageFi.php for example implementation
4095          */
4096         function translateBlockExpiry( $str, User $user = null, $now = 0 ) {
4097                 $duration = SpecialBlock::getSuggestedDurations( $this );
4098                 foreach ( $duration as $show => $value ) {
4099                         if ( strcmp( $str, $value ) == 0 ) {
4100                                 return htmlspecialchars( trim( $show ) );
4101                         }
4102                 }
4103
4104                 if ( wfIsInfinity( $str ) ) {
4105                         foreach ( $duration as $show => $value ) {
4106                                 if ( wfIsInfinity( $value ) ) {
4107                                         return htmlspecialchars( trim( $show ) );
4108                                 }
4109                         }
4110                 }
4111
4112                 // If all else fails, return a standard duration or timestamp description.
4113                 $time = strtotime( $str, $now );
4114                 if ( $time === false ) { // Unknown format. Return it as-is in case.
4115                         return $str;
4116                 } elseif ( $time !== strtotime( $str, $now + 1 ) ) { // It's a relative timestamp.
4117                         // The result differs based on current time, so the difference
4118                         // is a fixed duration length.
4119                         return $this->formatDuration( $time - $now );
4120                 } else { // It's an absolute timestamp.
4121                         if ( $time === 0 ) {
4122                                 // wfTimestamp() handles 0 as current time instead of epoch.
4123                                 $time = '19700101000000';
4124                         }
4125                         if ( $user ) {
4126                                 return $this->userTimeAndDate( $time, $user );
4127                         }
4128                         return $this->timeanddate( $time );
4129                 }
4130         }
4131
4132         /**
4133          * languages like Chinese need to be segmented in order for the diff
4134          * to be of any use
4135          *
4136          * @param string $text
4137          * @return string
4138          */
4139         public function segmentForDiff( $text ) {
4140                 return $text;
4141         }
4142
4143         /**
4144          * and unsegment to show the result
4145          *
4146          * @param string $text
4147          * @return string
4148          */
4149         public function unsegmentForDiff( $text ) {
4150                 return $text;
4151         }
4152
4153         /**
4154          * Return the LanguageConverter used in the Language
4155          *
4156          * @since 1.19
4157          * @return LanguageConverter
4158          */
4159         public function getConverter() {
4160                 return $this->mConverter;
4161         }
4162
4163         /**
4164          * convert text to a variant
4165          *
4166          * @param string $text text to convert
4167          * @param string|bool $variant variant to convert to, or false to use the user's preferred
4168          *      variant (if logged in), or the project default variant
4169          * @return string the converted string
4170          */
4171         public function autoConvert( $text, $variant = false ) {
4172                 return $this->mConverter->autoConvert( $text, $variant );
4173         }
4174
4175         /**
4176          * convert text to all supported variants
4177          *
4178          * @param string $text
4179          * @return array
4180          */
4181         public function autoConvertToAllVariants( $text ) {
4182                 return $this->mConverter->autoConvertToAllVariants( $text );
4183         }
4184
4185         /**
4186          * convert text to different variants of a language.
4187          *
4188          * @warning Glossary state is maintained between calls. This means
4189          *  if you pass unescaped text to this method it can cause an XSS
4190          *  in later calls to this method, even if the later calls have properly
4191          *  escaped the input. Never feed this method user controlled text that
4192          *  is not properly escaped!
4193          * @param string $text Content that has been already escaped for use in HTML
4194          * @return string HTML
4195          */
4196         public function convert( $text ) {
4197                 return $this->mConverter->convert( $text );
4198         }
4199
4200         /**
4201          * Convert a Title object to a string in the preferred variant
4202          *
4203          * @param Title $title
4204          * @return string
4205          */
4206         public function convertTitle( $title ) {
4207                 return $this->mConverter->convertTitle( $title );
4208         }
4209
4210         /**
4211          * Convert a namespace index to a string in the preferred variant
4212          *
4213          * @param int $ns namespace index (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Namespace)
4214          * @param string|null $variant variant to convert to, or null to use the user's preferred
4215          *      variant (if logged in), or the project default variant
4216          * @return string a string representation of the namespace
4217          */
4218         public function convertNamespace( $ns, $variant = null ) {
4219                 return $this->mConverter->convertNamespace( $ns, $variant );
4220         }
4221
4222         /**
4223          * Check if this is a language with variants
4224          *
4225          * @return bool
4226          */
4227         public function hasVariants() {
4228                 return count( $this->getVariants() ) > 1;
4229         }
4230
4231         /**
4232          * Strict check if the language has the specific variant.
4233          *
4234          * Compare to LanguageConverter::validateVariant() which does a more
4235          * lenient check and attempts to coerce the given code to a valid one.
4236          *
4237          * @since 1.19
4238          * @param string $variant
4239          * @return bool
4240          */
4241         public function hasVariant( $variant ) {
4242                 return $variant && ( $variant === $this->mConverter->validateVariant( $variant ) );
4243         }
4244
4245         /**
4246          * Perform output conversion on a string, and encode for safe HTML output.
4247          * @param string $text Text to be converted
4248          * @return string
4249          * @todo this should get integrated somewhere sane
4250          */
4251         public function convertHtml( $text ) {
4252                 return htmlspecialchars( $this->convert( $text ) );
4253         }
4254
4255         /**
4256          * @param string $key
4257          * @return string
4258          */
4259         public function convertCategoryKey( $key ) {
4260                 return $this->mConverter->convertCategoryKey( $key );
4261         }
4262
4263         /**
4264          * Get the list of variants supported by this language
4265          * see sample implementation in LanguageZh.php
4266          *
4267          * @return string[] An array of language codes
4268          */
4269         public function getVariants() {
4270                 return $this->mConverter->getVariants();
4271         }
4272
4273         /**
4274          * @return string
4275          */
4276         public function getPreferredVariant() {
4277                 return $this->mConverter->getPreferredVariant();
4278         }
4279
4280         /**
4281          * @return string
4282          */
4283         public function getDefaultVariant() {
4284                 return $this->mConverter->getDefaultVariant();
4285         }
4286
4287         /**
4288          * @return string
4289          */
4290         public function getURLVariant() {
4291                 return $this->mConverter->getURLVariant();
4292         }
4293
4294         /**
4295          * If a language supports multiple variants, it is
4296          * possible that non-existing link in one variant
4297          * actually exists in another variant. this function
4298          * tries to find it. See e.g. LanguageZh.php
4299          * The input parameters may be modified upon return
4300          *
4301          * @param string &$link The name of the link
4302          * @param Title &$nt The title object of the link
4303          * @param bool $ignoreOtherCond To disable other conditions when
4304          *   we need to transclude a template or update a category's link
4305          */
4306         public function findVariantLink( &$link, &$nt, $ignoreOtherCond = false ) {
4307                 $this->mConverter->findVariantLink( $link, $nt, $ignoreOtherCond );
4308         }
4309
4310         /**
4311          * returns language specific options used by User::getPageRenderHash()
4312          * for example, the preferred language variant
4313          *
4314          * @return string
4315          */
4316         function getExtraHashOptions() {
4317                 return $this->mConverter->getExtraHashOptions();
4318         }
4319
4320         /**
4321          * For languages that support multiple variants, the title of an
4322          * article may be displayed differently in different variants. this
4323          * function returns the apporiate title defined in the body of the article.
4324          *
4325          * @return string
4326          */
4327         public function getParsedTitle() {
4328                 return $this->mConverter->getParsedTitle();
4329         }
4330
4331         /**
4332          * Refresh the cache of conversion tables when
4333          * MediaWiki:Conversiontable* is updated.
4334          *
4335          * @param Title $title The Title of the page being updated
4336          */
4337         public function updateConversionTable( Title $title ) {
4338                 $this->mConverter->updateConversionTable( $title );
4339         }
4340
4341         /**
4342          * A regular expression to match legal word-trailing characters
4343          * which should be merged onto a link of the form [[foo]]bar.
4344          *
4345          * @return string
4346          */
4347         public function linkTrail() {
4348                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'linkTrail' );
4349         }
4350
4351         /**
4352          * A regular expression character set to match legal word-prefixing
4353          * characters which should be merged onto a link of the form foo[[bar]].
4354          *
4355          * @return string
4356          */
4357         public function linkPrefixCharset() {
4358                 return self::$dataCache->getItem( $this->mCode, 'linkPrefixCharset' );
4359         }
4360
4361         /**
4362          * Get the "parent" language which has a converter to convert a "compatible" language
4363          * (in another variant) to this language (eg. zh for zh-cn, but not en for en-gb).
4364          *
4365          * @return Language|null
4366          * @since 1.22
4367          */
4368         public function getParentLanguage() {
4369                 if ( $this->mParentLanguage !== false ) {
4370                         return $this->mParentLanguage;
4371                 }
4372
4373                 $code = explode( '-', $this->getCode() )[0];
4374                 if ( !in_array( $code, LanguageConverter::$languagesWithVariants ) ) {
4375                         $this->mParentLanguage = null;
4376                         return null;
4377                 }
4378                 $lang = self::factory( $code );
4379                 if ( !$lang->hasVariant( $this->getCode() ) ) {
4380                         $this->mParentLanguage = null;
4381                         return null;
4382                 }
4383
4384                 $this->mParentLanguage = $lang;
4385                 return $lang;
4386         }
4387
4388         /**
4389          * Compare with an other language object
4390          *
4391          * @since 1.28
4392          * @param Language $lang
4393          * @return bool
4394          */
4395         public function equals( Language $lang ) {
4396                 return $lang === $this || $lang->getCode() === $this->mCode;
4397         }
4398
4399         /**
4400          * Get the internal language code for this language object
4401          *
4402          * NOTE: The return value of this function is NOT HTML-safe and must be escaped with
4403          * htmlspecialchars() or similar
4404          *
4405          * @return string
4406          */
4407         public function getCode() {
4408                 return $this->mCode;
4409         }
4410
4411         /**
4412          * Get the code in BCP 47 format which we can use
4413          * inside of html lang="" tags.
4414          *
4415          * NOTE: The return value of this function is NOT HTML-safe and must be escaped with
4416          * htmlspecialchars() or similar.
4417          *
4418          * @since 1.19
4419          * @return string
4420          */
4421         public function getHtmlCode() {
4422                 if ( is_null( $this->mHtmlCode ) ) {
4423                         $this->mHtmlCode = LanguageCode::bcp47( $this->getCode() );
4424                 }
4425                 return $this->mHtmlCode;
4426         }
4427
4428         /**
4429          * Get the language code from a file name. Inverse of getFileName()
4430          * @param string $filename $prefix . $languageCode . $suffix
4431          * @param string $prefix Prefix before the language code
4432          * @param string $suffix Suffix after the language code
4433          * @return string Language code, or false if $prefix or $suffix isn't found
4434          */
4435         public static function getCodeFromFileName( $filename, $prefix = 'Language', $suffix = '.php' ) {
4436                 $m = null;
4437                 preg_match( '/' . preg_quote( $prefix, '/' ) . '([A-Z][a-z_]+)' .
4438                         preg_quote( $suffix, '/' ) . '/', $filename, $m );
4439                 if ( !count( $m ) ) {
4440                         return false;
4441                 }
4442                 return str_replace( '_', '-', strtolower( $m[1] ) );
4443         }
4444
4445         /**
4446          * @param string $code
4447          * @param bool $fallback Whether we're going through language fallback chain
4448          * @return string Name of the language class
4449          */
4450         public static function classFromCode( $code, $fallback = true ) {
4451                 if ( $fallback && $code == 'en' ) {
4452                         return 'Language';
4453                 } else {
4454                         return 'Language' . str_replace( '-', '_', ucfirst( $code ) );
4455                 }
4456         }
4457
4458         /**
4459          * Get the name of a file for a certain language code
4460          * @param string $prefix Prepend this to the filename
4461          * @param string $code Language code
4462          * @param string $suffix Append this to the filename
4463          * @throws MWException
4464          * @return string $prefix . $mangledCode . $suffix
4465          */
4466         public static function getFileName( $prefix, $code, $suffix = '.php' ) {
4467                 if ( !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $code ) ) {
4468                         throw new MWException( "Invalid language code \"$code\"" );
4469                 }
4470
4471                 return $prefix . str_replace( '-', '_', ucfirst( $code ) ) . $suffix;
4472         }
4473
4474         /**
4475          * @param string $code
4476          * @return string
4477          */
4478         public static function getMessagesFileName( $code ) {
4479                 global $IP;
4480                 $file = self::getFileName( "$IP/languages/messages/Messages", $code, '.php' );
4481                 Hooks::run( 'Language::getMessagesFileName', [ $code, &$file ] );
4482                 return $file;
4483         }
4484
4485         /**
4486          * @param string $code
4487          * @return string
4488          * @throws MWException
4489          * @since 1.23
4490          */
4491         public static function getJsonMessagesFileName( $code ) {
4492                 global $IP;
4493
4494                 if ( !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $code ) ) {
4495                         throw new MWException( "Invalid language code \"$code\"" );
4496                 }
4497
4498                 return "$IP/languages/i18n/$code.json";
4499         }
4500
4501         /**
4502          * Get the first fallback for a given language.
4503          *
4504          * @param string $code
4505          *
4506          * @return bool|string
4507          */
4508         public static function getFallbackFor( $code ) {
4509                 $fallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $code );
4510                 if ( $fallbacks ) {
4511                         return $fallbacks[0];
4512                 }
4513                 return false;
4514         }
4515
4516         /**
4517          * Get the ordered list of fallback languages.
4518          *
4519          * @since 1.19
4520          * @param string $code Language code
4521          * @param int $mode Fallback mode, either MESSAGES_FALLBACKS (which always falls back to 'en'),
4522          * or STRICT_FALLBACKS (whic honly falls back to 'en' when explicitly defined)
4523          * @throws MWException
4524          * @return array List of language codes
4525          */
4526         public static function getFallbacksFor( $code, $mode = self::MESSAGES_FALLBACKS ) {
4527                 if ( $code === 'en' || !self::isValidBuiltInCode( $code ) ) {
4528                         return [];
4529                 }
4530                 switch ( $mode ) {
4531                         case self::MESSAGES_FALLBACKS:
4532                                 // For unknown languages, fallbackSequence returns an empty array,
4533                                 // hardcode fallback to 'en' in that case as English messages are
4534                                 // always defined.
4535                                 return self::getLocalisationCache()->getItem( $code, 'fallbackSequence' ) ?: [ 'en' ];
4536                         case self::STRICT_FALLBACKS:
4537                                 // Use this mode when you don't want to fallback to English unless
4538                                 // explicitly defined, for example when you have language-variant icons
4539                                 // and an international language-independent fallback.
4540                                 return self::getLocalisationCache()->getItem( $code, 'originalFallbackSequence' );
4541                         default:
4542                                 throw new MWException( "Invalid fallback mode \"$mode\"" );
4543                 }
4544         }
4545
4546         /**
4547          * Get the ordered list of fallback languages, ending with the fallback
4548          * language chain for the site language.
4549          *
4550          * @since 1.22
4551          * @param string $code Language code
4552          * @return array Array( fallbacks, site fallbacks )
4553          */
4554         public static function getFallbacksIncludingSiteLanguage( $code ) {
4555                 global $wgLanguageCode;
4556
4557                 // Usually, we will only store a tiny number of fallback chains, so we
4558                 // keep them in static memory.
4559                 $cacheKey = "{$code}-{$wgLanguageCode}";
4560
4561                 if ( !array_key_exists( $cacheKey, self::$fallbackLanguageCache ) ) {
4562                         $fallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $code );
4563
4564                         // Append the site's fallback chain, including the site language itself
4565                         $siteFallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $wgLanguageCode );
4566                         array_unshift( $siteFallbacks, $wgLanguageCode );
4567
4568                         // Eliminate any languages already included in the chain
4569                         $siteFallbacks = array_diff( $siteFallbacks, $fallbacks );
4570
4571                         self::$fallbackLanguageCache[$cacheKey] = [ $fallbacks, $siteFallbacks ];
4572                 }
4573                 return self::$fallbackLanguageCache[$cacheKey];
4574         }
4575
4576         /**
4577          * Get all messages for a given language
4578          * WARNING: this may take a long time. If you just need all message *keys*
4579          * but need the *contents* of only a few messages, consider using getMessageKeysFor().
4580          *
4581          * @param string $code
4582          *
4583          * @return array
4584          */
4585         public static function getMessagesFor( $code ) {
4586                 return self::getLocalisationCache()->getItem( $code, 'messages' );
4587         }
4588
4589         /**
4590          * Get a message for a given language
4591          *
4592          * @param string $key
4593          * @param string $code
4594          *
4595          * @return string
4596          */
4597         public static function getMessageFor( $key, $code ) {
4598                 return self::getLocalisationCache()->getSubitem( $code, 'messages', $key );
4599         }
4600
4601         /**
4602          * Get all message keys for a given language. This is a faster alternative to
4603          * array_keys( Language::getMessagesFor( $code ) )
4604          *
4605          * @since 1.19
4606          * @param string $code Language code
4607          * @return array Array of message keys (strings)
4608          */
4609         public static function getMessageKeysFor( $code ) {
4610                 return self::getLocalisationCache()->getSubitemList( $code, 'messages' );
4611         }
4612
4613         /**
4614          * @param string $talk
4615          * @return string
4616          */
4617         function fixVariableInNamespace( $talk ) {
4618                 if ( strpos( $talk, '$1' ) === false ) {
4619                         return $talk;
4620                 }
4621
4622                 global $wgMetaNamespace;
4623                 $talk = str_replace( '$1', $wgMetaNamespace, $talk );
4624
4625                 # Allow grammar transformations
4626                 # Allowing full message-style parsing would make simple requests
4627                 # such as action=raw much more expensive than they need to be.
4628                 # This will hopefully cover most cases.
4629                 $talk = preg_replace_callback( '/{{grammar:(.*?)\|(.*?)}}/i',
4630                         [ $this, 'replaceGrammarInNamespace' ], $talk );
4631                 return str_replace( ' ', '_', $talk );
4632         }
4633
4634         /**
4635          * @param string $m
4636          * @return string
4637          */
4638         function replaceGrammarInNamespace( $m ) {
4639                 return $this->convertGrammar( trim( $m[2] ), trim( $m[1] ) );
4640         }
4641
4642         /**
4643          * Decode an expiry (block, protection, etc) which has come from the DB
4644          *
4645          * @param string $expiry Database expiry String
4646          * @param bool|int $format True to process using language functions, or TS_ constant
4647          *     to return the expiry in a given timestamp
4648          * @param string $infinity If $format is not true, use this string for infinite expiry
4649          * @return string
4650          * @since 1.18
4651          */
4652         public function formatExpiry( $expiry, $format = true, $infinity = 'infinity' ) {
4653                 static $dbInfinity;
4654                 if ( $dbInfinity === null ) {
4655                         $dbInfinity = wfGetDB( DB_REPLICA )->getInfinity();
4656                 }
4657
4658                 if ( $expiry == '' || $expiry === 'infinity' || $expiry == $dbInfinity ) {
4659                         return $format === true
4660                                 ? $this->getMessageFromDB( 'infiniteblock' )
4661                                 : $infinity;
4662                 } else {
4663                         return $format === true
4664                                 ? $this->timeanddate( $expiry, /* User preference timezone */ true )
4665                                 : wfTimestamp( $format, $expiry );
4666                 }
4667         }
4668
4669         /**
4670          * Formats a time given in seconds into a string representation of that time.
4671          *
4672          * @param int|float $seconds
4673          * @param array $format An optional argument that formats the returned string in different ways:
4674          *   If $format['avoid'] === 'avoidseconds': don't show seconds if $seconds >= 1 hour,
4675          *   If $format['avoid'] === 'avoidminutes': don't show seconds/minutes if $seconds > 48 hours,
4676          *   If $format['noabbrevs'] is true: use 'seconds' and friends instead of 'seconds-abbrev'
4677          *     and friends.
4678          * @note For backwards compatibility, $format may also be one of the strings 'avoidseconds'
4679          *     or 'avoidminutes'.
4680          * @return string
4681          */
4682         function formatTimePeriod( $seconds, $format = [] ) {
4683                 if ( !is_array( $format ) ) {
4684                         $format = [ 'avoid' => $format ]; // For backwards compatibility
4685                 }
4686                 if ( !isset( $format['avoid'] ) ) {
4687                         $format['avoid'] = false;
4688                 }
4689                 if ( !isset( $format['noabbrevs'] ) ) {
4690                         $format['noabbrevs'] = false;
4691                 }
4692                 $secondsMsg = wfMessage(
4693                         $format['noabbrevs'] ? 'seconds' : 'seconds-abbrev' )->inLanguage( $this );
4694                 $minutesMsg = wfMessage(
4695                         $format['noabbrevs'] ? 'minutes' : 'minutes-abbrev' )->inLanguage( $this );
4696                 $hoursMsg = wfMessage(
4697                         $format['noabbrevs'] ? 'hours' : 'hours-abbrev' )->inLanguage( $this );
4698                 $daysMsg = wfMessage(
4699                         $format['noabbrevs'] ? 'days' : 'days-abbrev' )->inLanguage( $this );
4700
4701                 if ( round( $seconds * 10 ) < 100 ) {
4702                         $s = $this->formatNum( sprintf( "%.1f", round( $seconds * 10 ) / 10 ) );
4703                         $s = $secondsMsg->params( $s )->text();
4704                 } elseif ( round( $seconds ) < 60 ) {
4705                         $s = $this->formatNum( round( $seconds ) );
4706                         $s = $secondsMsg->params( $s )->text();
4707                 } elseif ( round( $seconds ) < 3600 ) {
4708                         $minutes = floor( $seconds / 60 );
4709                         $secondsPart = round( fmod( $seconds, 60 ) );
4710                         if ( $secondsPart == 60 ) {
4711                                 $secondsPart = 0;
4712                                 $minutes++;
4713                         }
4714                         $s = $minutesMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $minutes ) )->text();
4715                         $s .= ' ';
4716                         $s .= $secondsMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $secondsPart ) )->text();
4717                 } elseif ( round( $seconds ) <= 2 * 86400 ) {
4718                         $hours = floor( $seconds / 3600 );
4719                         $minutes = floor( ( $seconds - $hours * 3600 ) / 60 );
4720                         $secondsPart = round( $seconds - $hours * 3600 - $minutes * 60 );
4721                         if ( $secondsPart == 60 ) {
4722                                 $secondsPart = 0;
4723                                 $minutes++;
4724                         }
4725                         if ( $minutes == 60 ) {
4726                                 $minutes = 0;
4727                                 $hours++;
4728                         }
4729                         $s = $hoursMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $hours ) )->text();
4730                         $s .= ' ';
4731                         $s .= $minutesMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $minutes ) )->text();
4732                         if ( !in_array( $format['avoid'], [ 'avoidseconds', 'avoidminutes' ] ) ) {
4733                                 $s .= ' ' . $secondsMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $secondsPart ) )->text();
4734                         }
4735                 } else {
4736                         $days = floor( $seconds / 86400 );
4737                         if ( $format['avoid'] === 'avoidminutes' ) {
4738                                 $hours = round( ( $seconds - $days * 86400 ) / 3600 );
4739                                 if ( $hours == 24 ) {
4740                                         $hours = 0;
4741                                         $days++;
4742                                 }
4743                                 $s = $daysMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $days ) )->text();
4744                                 $s .= ' ';
4745                                 $s .= $hoursMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $hours ) )->text();
4746                         } elseif ( $format['avoid'] === 'avoidseconds' ) {
4747                                 $hours = floor( ( $seconds - $days * 86400 ) / 3600 );
4748                                 $minutes = round( ( $seconds - $days * 86400 - $hours * 3600 ) / 60 );
4749                                 if ( $minutes == 60 ) {
4750                                         $minutes = 0;
4751                                         $hours++;
4752                                 }
4753                                 if ( $hours == 24 ) {
4754                                         $hours = 0;
4755                                         $days++;
4756                                 }
4757                                 $s = $daysMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $days ) )->text();
4758                                 $s .= ' ';
4759                                 $s .= $hoursMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $hours ) )->text();
4760                                 $s .= ' ';
4761                                 $s .= $minutesMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $minutes ) )->text();
4762                         } else {
4763                                 $s = $daysMsg->params( $this->formatNum( $days ) )->text();
4764                                 $s .= ' ';
4765                                 $s .= $this->formatTimePeriod( $seconds - $days * 86400, $format );
4766                         }
4767                 }
4768                 return $s;
4769         }
4770
4771         /**
4772          * Format a bitrate for output, using an appropriate
4773          * unit (bps, kbps, Mbps, Gbps, Tbps, Pbps, Ebps, Zbps or Ybps) according to
4774          *   the magnitude in question.
4775          *
4776          * This use base 1000. For base 1024 use formatSize(), for another base
4777          * see formatComputingNumbers().
4778          *
4779          * @param int $bps
4780          * @return string
4781          */
4782         function formatBitrate( $bps ) {
4783                 return $this->formatComputingNumbers( $bps, 1000, "bitrate-$1bits" );
4784         }
4785
4786         /**
4787          * @param int $size Size of the unit
4788          * @param int $boundary Size boundary (1000, or 1024 in most cases)
4789          * @param string $messageKey Message key to be uesd
4790          * @return string
4791          */
4792         function formatComputingNumbers( $size, $boundary, $messageKey ) {
4793                 if ( $size <= 0 ) {
4794                         return str_replace( '$1', $this->formatNum( $size ),
4795                                 $this->getMessageFromDB( str_replace( '$1', '', $messageKey ) )
4796                         );
4797                 }
4798                 $sizes = [ '', 'kilo', 'mega', 'giga', 'tera', 'peta', 'exa', 'zeta', 'yotta' ];
4799                 $index = 0;
4800
4801                 $maxIndex = count( $sizes ) - 1;
4802                 while ( $size >= $boundary && $index < $maxIndex ) {
4803                         $index++;
4804                         $size /= $boundary;
4805                 }
4806
4807                 // For small sizes no decimal places necessary
4808                 $round = 0;
4809                 if ( $index > 1 ) {
4810                         // For MB and bigger two decimal places are smarter
4811                         $round = 2;
4812                 }
4813                 $msg = str_replace( '$1', $sizes[$index], $messageKey );
4814
4815                 $size = round( $size, $round );
4816                 $text = $this->getMessageFromDB( $msg );
4817                 return str_replace( '$1', $this->formatNum( $size ), $text );
4818         }
4819
4820         /**
4821          * Format a size in bytes for output, using an appropriate
4822          * unit (B, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB or YB) according to the magnitude in question
4823          *
4824          * This method use base 1024. For base 1000 use formatBitrate(), for
4825          * another base see formatComputingNumbers()
4826          *
4827          * @param int $size Size to format
4828          * @return string Plain text (not HTML)
4829          */
4830         function formatSize( $size ) {
4831                 return $this->formatComputingNumbers( $size, 1024, "size-$1bytes" );
4832         }
4833
4834         /**
4835          * Make a list item, used by various special pages
4836          *
4837          * @param string $page Page link
4838          * @param string $details HTML safe text between brackets
4839          * @param bool $oppositedm Add the direction mark opposite to your
4840          *   language, to display text properly
4841          * @return string HTML escaped
4842          */
4843         function specialList( $page, $details, $oppositedm = true ) {
4844                 if ( !$details ) {
4845                         return $page;
4846                 }
4847
4848                 $dirmark = ( $oppositedm ? $this->getDirMark( true ) : '' ) . $this->getDirMark();
4849                 return $page .
4850                         $dirmark .
4851                         $this->msg( 'word-separator' )->escaped() .
4852                         $this->msg( 'parentheses' )->rawParams( $details )->escaped();
4853         }
4854
4855         /**
4856          * Generate (prev x| next x) (20|50|100...) type links for paging
4857          *
4858          * @param Title $title Title object to link
4859          * @param int $offset
4860          * @param int $limit
4861          * @param array $query Optional URL query parameter string
4862          * @param bool $atend Optional param for specified if this is the last page
4863          * @return string
4864          * @deprecated since 1.33, use SpecialPage::viewPrevNext()
4865          *  instead.
4866          */
4867         public function viewPrevNext( Title $title, $offset, $limit,
4868                 array $query = [], $atend = false
4869         ) {
4870                 // @todo FIXME: Why on earth this needs one message for the text and another one for tooltip?
4871
4872                 # Make 'previous' link
4873                 $prev = wfMessage( 'prevn' )->inLanguage( $this )->title( $title )->numParams( $limit )->text();
4874                 if ( $offset > 0 ) {
4875                         $plink = $this->numLink( $title, max( $offset - $limit, 0 ), $limit,
4876                                 $query, $prev, 'prevn-title', 'mw-prevlink' );
4877                 } else {
4878                         $plink = htmlspecialchars( $prev );
4879                 }
4880
4881                 # Make 'next' link
4882                 $next = wfMessage( 'nextn' )->inLanguage( $this )->title( $title )->numParams( $limit )->text();
4883                 if ( $atend ) {
4884                         $nlink = htmlspecialchars( $next );
4885                 } else {
4886                         $nlink = $this->numLink( $title, $offset + $limit, $limit,
4887                                 $query, $next, 'nextn-title', 'mw-nextlink' );
4888                 }
4889
4890                 # Make links to set number of items per page
4891                 $numLinks = [];
4892                 foreach ( [ 20, 50, 100, 250, 500 ] as $num ) {
4893                         $numLinks[] = $this->numLink( $title, $offset, $num,
4894                                 $query, $this->formatNum( $num ), 'shown-title', 'mw-numlink' );
4895                 }
4896
4897                 return wfMessage( 'viewprevnext' )->inLanguage( $this )->title( $title
4898                         )->rawParams( $plink, $nlink, $this->pipeList( $numLinks ) )->escaped();
4899         }
4900
4901         /**
4902          * Helper function for viewPrevNext() that generates links
4903          *
4904          * @param Title $title Title object to link
4905          * @param int $offset
4906          * @param int $limit
4907          * @param array $query Extra query parameters
4908          * @param string $link Text to use for the link; will be escaped
4909          * @param string $tooltipMsg Name of the message to use as tooltip
4910          * @param string $class Value of the "class" attribute of the link
4911          * @return string HTML fragment
4912          */
4913         private function numLink( Title $title, $offset, $limit, array $query, $link,
4914                 $tooltipMsg, $class
4915         ) {
4916                 $query = [ 'limit' => $limit, 'offset' => $offset ] + $query;
4917                 $tooltip = wfMessage( $tooltipMsg )->inLanguage( $this )->title( $title )
4918                         ->numParams( $limit )->text();
4919
4920                 return Html::element( 'a', [ 'href' => $title->getLocalURL( $query ),
4921                         'title' => $tooltip, 'class' => $class ], $link );
4922         }
4923
4924         /**
4925          * Get the conversion rule title, if any.
4926          *
4927          * @return string
4928          */
4929         public function getConvRuleTitle() {
4930                 return $this->mConverter->getConvRuleTitle();
4931         }
4932
4933         /**
4934          * Get the compiled plural rules for the language
4935          * @since 1.20
4936          * @return array Associative array with plural form, and plural rule as key-value pairs
4937          */
4938         public function getCompiledPluralRules() {
4939                 $pluralRules = self::$dataCache->getItem( strtolower( $this->mCode ), 'compiledPluralRules' );
4940                 $fallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $this->mCode );
4941                 if ( !$pluralRules ) {
4942                         foreach ( $fallbacks as $fallbackCode ) {
4943                                 $pluralRules = self::$dataCache->getItem( strtolower( $fallbackCode ), 'compiledPluralRules' );
4944                                 if ( $pluralRules ) {
4945                                         break;
4946                                 }
4947                         }
4948                 }
4949                 return $pluralRules;
4950         }
4951
4952         /**
4953          * Get the plural rules for the language
4954          * @since 1.20
4955          * @return array Associative array with plural form number and plural rule as key-value pairs
4956          */
4957         public function getPluralRules() {
4958                 $pluralRules = self::$dataCache->getItem( strtolower( $this->mCode ), 'pluralRules' );
4959                 $fallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $this->mCode );
4960                 if ( !$pluralRules ) {
4961                         foreach ( $fallbacks as $fallbackCode ) {
4962                                 $pluralRules = self::$dataCache->getItem( strtolower( $fallbackCode ), 'pluralRules' );
4963                                 if ( $pluralRules ) {
4964                                         break;
4965                                 }
4966                         }
4967                 }
4968                 return $pluralRules;
4969         }
4970
4971         /**
4972          * Get the plural rule types for the language
4973          * @since 1.22
4974          * @return array Associative array with plural form number and plural rule type as key-value pairs
4975          */
4976         public function getPluralRuleTypes() {
4977                 $pluralRuleTypes = self::$dataCache->getItem( strtolower( $this->mCode ), 'pluralRuleTypes' );
4978                 $fallbacks = self::getFallbacksFor( $this->mCode );
4979                 if ( !$pluralRuleTypes ) {
4980                         foreach ( $fallbacks as $fallbackCode ) {
4981                                 $pluralRuleTypes = self::$dataCache->getItem( strtolower( $fallbackCode ), 'pluralRuleTypes' );
4982                                 if ( $pluralRuleTypes ) {
4983                                         break;
4984                                 }
4985                         }
4986                 }
4987                 return $pluralRuleTypes;
4988         }
4989
4990         /**
4991          * Find the index number of the plural rule appropriate for the given number
4992          * @param int $number
4993          * @return int The index number of the plural rule
4994          */
4995         public function getPluralRuleIndexNumber( $number ) {
4996                 $pluralRules = $this->getCompiledPluralRules();
4997                 $form = Evaluator::evaluateCompiled( $number, $pluralRules );
4998                 return $form;
4999         }
5000
5001         /**
5002          * Find the plural rule type appropriate for the given number
5003          * For example, if the language is set to Arabic, getPluralType(5) should
5004          * return 'few'.
5005          * @since 1.22
5006          * @param int $number
5007          * @return string The name of the plural rule type, e.g. one, two, few, many
5008          */
5009         public function getPluralRuleType( $number ) {
5010                 $index = $this->getPluralRuleIndexNumber( $number );
5011                 $pluralRuleTypes = $this->getPluralRuleTypes();
5012                 return $pluralRuleTypes[$index] ?? 'other';
5013         }
5014 }