<?php

/**
 * Class to handle concurrent HTTP requests
 *
 * HTTP request maps use the following format:
 *   - method   : GET/HEAD/PUT/POST/DELETE
 *   - url      : HTTP/HTTPS URL
 *   - query    : <query parameter field/value associative array> (uses RFC 3986)
 *   - headers  : <header name/value associative array>
 *   - body     : source to get the HTTP request body from;
 *                this can simply be a string (always), a resource for
 *                PUT requests, and a field/value array for POST request;
 *                array bodies are encoded as multipart/form-data and strings
 *                use application/x-www-form-urlencoded (headers sent automatically)
 *   - stream   : resource to stream the HTTP response body to
 *
 * @author Aaron Schulz
 * @since 1.23
 */
class MultiHttpClient {
	/** @var resource */
	protected $multiHandle = null; // curl_multi handle
	/** @var string|null SSL certificates path  */
	protected $caBundlePath;
	/** @var integer */
	protected $connTimeout;
	/** @var integer */
	protected $reqTimeout;

	/**
	 * @param array $options
	 */
	public function __construct( array $options ) {
		if ( isset( $options['caBundlePath'] ) ) {
			$this->caBundlePath = $options['caBundlePath'];
			if ( !file_exists( $this->caBundlePath ) ) {
				throw new Exception( "Cannot find CA bundle: " . $this->caBundlePath );
			}
		}
		static $defaults = array( 'connTimeout' => 10, 'reqTimeout' => 300 );
		foreach ( $defaults as $key => $default ) {
			$this->$key = isset( $options[$key] ) ? $options[$key] : $default;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Execute an HTTP(S) request
	 *
	 * This method returns a response map of:
 	 *   - code    : HTTP response code or 0 if there was a serious cURL error
 	 *   - reason  : HTTP response reason (empty if there was a serious cURL error)
 	 *   - headers : <header name/value associative array>
 	 *   - body    : HTTP response body or resource (if "stream" was set)
 	 *   - err     : Any cURL error string
 	 * The map also stores integer-indexed copies of these values. This lets callers do:
	 *	<code>
	 *		list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $req;
	 *  </code>
	 * @param array $req HTTP request array
	 * @return array Response array for request
	 */
	public function run( array $req ) {
		$req = $this->runMulti( array( $req ) );
		return $req[0]['response'];
	}

	/**
	 * Execute a set of HTTP(S) request concurrently
	 *
	 * The maps are returned by this method with the 'response' field set to a map of:
 	 *   - code    : HTTP response code or 0 if there was a serious cURL error
 	 *   - reason  : HTTP response reason (empty if there was a serious cURL error)
 	 *   - headers : <header name/value associative array>
 	 *   - body    : HTTP response body or resource (if "stream" was set)
 	 *   - err     : Any cURL error string
 	 * The map also stores integer-indexed copies of these values. This lets callers do:
	 *	<code>
	 *		list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $req;
	 *  </code>
	 * All headers in the 'headers' field are normalized to use lower case names.
	 * This is true for the request headers and the response headers.
	 *
	 * @param array $req Map of HTTP request arrays
	 * @return array $reqs With response array populated for each
	 */
	public function runMulti( array $reqs ) {
		$multiHandle = $this->getCurlMulti();

		// Normalize $reqs and add all of the required cURL handles...
		$handles = array();
		foreach ( $reqs as $index => &$req ) {
			$req['response'] = array(
				'code'     => 0,
				'reason'   => '',
				'headers'  => array(),
				'body'     => '',
				'error'    => ''
			);
			if ( !isset( $req['method'] ) ) {
				throw new Exception( "Request has no 'method' field set." );
			} elseif ( !isset( $req['url'] ) ) {
				throw new Exception( "Request has no 'url' field set." );
			}
			$req['query'] = isset( $req['query'] ) ? $req['query'] : array();
			$headers = array(); // normalized headers
			if ( isset( $req['headers'] ) ) {
				foreach ( $req['headers'] as $name => $value ) {
					$headers[strtolower( $name )] = $value;
				}
			}
			$req['headers'] = $headers;
			if ( !isset( $req['body'] ) ) {
				$req['body'] = '';
				$req['headers']['content-length'] = 0;
			}
			$handles[$index] = $this->getCurlHandle( $req );
			if ( count( $reqs ) > 1 ) {
				// https://github.com/guzzle/guzzle/issues/349
				curl_setopt( $handles[$index], CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE, true );
			}
			curl_multi_add_handle( $multiHandle, $handles[$index] );
		}

		// Execute the cURL handles concurrently...
		$active = null; // handles still being processed
		do {
			// Do any available work...
			do {
				$mrc = curl_multi_exec( $multiHandle, $active );
			} while ( $mrc == CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM );
			// Wait (if possible) for available work...
			if ( $active > 0 && $mrc == CURLM_OK ) {
				if ( curl_multi_select( $multiHandle, 10 ) == -1 ) {
					// PHP bug 63411; http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_multi_fdset.html
					usleep( 5000 ); // 5ms
				}
			}
		} while ( $active > 0 && $mrc == CURLM_OK );

		// Remove all of the added cURL handles and check for errors...
		foreach ( $reqs as $index => &$req ) {
			$ch = $handles[$index];
			curl_multi_remove_handle( $multiHandle, $ch );
			if ( curl_errno( $ch ) !== 0 ) {
				$req['error'] = "(curl error: " . curl_errno( $ch ) . ") " . curl_error( $ch );
			}
			// For convenience with the list() operator
			$req['response'][0] = $req['response']['code'];
			$req['response'][1] = $req['response']['reason'];
			$req['response'][2] = $req['response']['headers'];
			$req['response'][3] = $req['response']['body'];
			$req['response'][4] = $req['response']['error'];
			curl_close( $ch );
			// Close any string wrapper file handles
			if ( isset( $req['_closeHandle'] ) ) {
				fclose( $req['_closeHandle'] );
				unset( $req['_closeHandle'] );
			}
		}

		return $reqs;
	}

	/**
	 * @param array $req HTTP request map
	 * @return resource
	 */
	protected function getCurlHandle( array &$req ) {
		$ch = curl_init();

		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, $this->connTimeout );
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, $this->reqTimeout );
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1 );
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS, 4 );
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0 );
		if ( !is_null( $this->caBundlePath ) ) {
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, true );
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, $this->caBundlePath );
		}
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 );

		$url = $req['url'];
		// PHP_QUERY_RFC3986 is PHP 5.4+ only
		$query = str_replace(
			array( '+', '%7E' ),
			array( '%20', '~' ),
			http_build_query( $req['query'], '', '&' )
		);
		if ( $query != '' ) {
			$url .= strpos( $req['url'], '?' ) === false ? "?$query" : "&$query";
		}
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url );

		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, $req['method'] );
		if ( $req['method'] === 'HEAD' ) {
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 1 );
		}

		if ( $req['method'] === 'PUT' ) {
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_PUT, 1 );
			if ( is_resource( $req['body'] ) ) {
				curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_INFILE, $req['body'] );
				if ( isset( $req['headers']['content-length'] ) ) {
					curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, $req['headers']['content-length'] );
				} elseif ( isset( $req['headers']['transfer-encoding'] ) &&
					$req['headers']['transfer-encoding'] === 'chunks'
				) {
					curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, true );
				} else {
					throw new Exception( "Missing 'Content-Length' or 'Transfer-Encoding' header." );
				}
			} elseif ( $req['body'] !== '' ) {
				$fp = fopen( "php://temp", "wb+" );
				fwrite( $fp, $req['body'], strlen( $req['body'] ) );
				rewind( $fp );
				curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_INFILE, $fp );
				curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, strlen( $req['body'] ) );
				$req['_closeHandle'] = $fp; // remember to close this later
			} else {
				curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, 0 );
			}
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION,
				function ( $ch, $fd, $length ) {
					$data = fread( $fd, $length );
					$len = strlen( $data );
					return $data;
				}
			);
		} elseif ( $req['method'] === 'POST' ) {
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1 );
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $req['body'] );
		} else {
			if ( is_resource( $req['body'] ) || $req['body'] !== '' ) {
				throw new Exception( "HTTP body specified for a non PUT/POST request." );
			}
			$req['headers']['content-length'] = 0;
		}

		$headers = array();
		foreach ( $req['headers'] as $name => $value ) {
			if ( strpos( $name, ': ' ) ) {
				throw new Exception( "Headers cannot have ':' in the name." );
			}
			$headers[] = $name . ': ' . trim( $value );
		}
		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers );

		curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION,
			function ( $ch, $header ) use ( &$req ) {
				$length = strlen( $header );
				$matches = array();
				if ( preg_match( "/^(HTTP\/1\.[01]) (\d{3}) (.*)/", $header, $matches ) ) {
					$req['response']['code'] = (int)$matches[2];
					$req['response']['reason'] = trim( $matches[3] );
					return $length;
				}
				if ( strpos( $header, ":" ) === false ) {
					return $length;
				}
				list( $name, $value ) = explode( ":", $header, 2 );
				$req['response']['headers'][strtolower( $name )] = trim( $value );
				return $length;
			}
		);

		if ( isset( $req['stream'] ) ) {
			// Don't just use CURLOPT_FILE as that might give:
			// curl_setopt(): cannot represent a stream of type Output as a STDIO FILE*
			// The callback here handles both normal files and php://temp handles.
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
				function ( $ch, $data ) use ( &$req ) {
					return fwrite( $req['stream'], $data );
				}
			);
		} else {
			curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
				function ( $ch, $data ) use ( &$req ) {
					$req['response']['body'] .= $data;
					return strlen( $data );
				}
			);
		}

		return $ch;
	}

	/**
	 * @return resource
	 */
	protected function getCurlMulti() {
		if ( !$this->multiHandle ) {
			$this->multiHandle = curl_multi_init();
		}
		return $this->multiHandle;
	}

	function __destruct() {
		if ( $this->multiHandle ) {
			curl_multi_close( $this->multiHandle );
		}
	}
}