includes/filebackend/SwiftFileBackend.php

   1 <?php
   2 /**
   3  * OpenStack Swift based file backend.
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   8  * (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  16  * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
  17  * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
  18  * http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
  19  *
  20  * @file
  21  * @ingroup FileBackend
  22  * @author Russ Nelson
  23  * @author Aaron Schulz
  24  */
  25
  26 /**
  27  * @brief Class for an OpenStack Swift (or Ceph RGW) based file backend.
  28  *
  29  * Status messages should avoid mentioning the Swift account name.
  30  * Likewise, error suppression should be used to avoid path disclosure.
  31  *
  32  * @ingroup FileBackend
  33  * @since 1.19
  34  */
  35 class SwiftFileBackend extends FileBackendStore {
  36         /** @var MultiHttpClient */
  37         protected $http;
  38
  39         /** @var int TTL in seconds */
  40         protected $authTTL;
  41
  42         /** @var string Authentication base URL (without version) */
  43         protected $swiftAuthUrl;
  44
  45         /** @var string Swift user (account:user) to authenticate as */
  46         protected $swiftUser;
  47
  48         /** @var string Secret key for user */
  49         protected $swiftKey;
  50
  51         /** @var string Shared secret value for making temp URLs */
  52         protected $swiftTempUrlKey;
  53
  54         /** @var string S3 access key (RADOS Gateway) */
  55         protected $rgwS3AccessKey;
  56
  57         /** @var string S3 authentication key (RADOS Gateway) */
  58         protected $rgwS3SecretKey;
  59
  60         /** @var BagOStuff */
  61         protected $srvCache;
  62
  63         /** @var ProcessCacheLRU Container stat cache */
  64         protected $containerStatCache;
  65
  66         /** @var array */
  67         protected $authCreds;
  68
  69         /** @var int UNIX timestamp */
  70         protected $authSessionTimestamp = 0;
  71
  72         /** @var int UNIX timestamp */
  73         protected $authErrorTimestamp = null;
  74
  75         /**
  76          * @see FileBackendStore::__construct()
  77          * Additional $config params include:
  78          *   - swiftAuthUrl       : Swift authentication server URL
  79          *   - swiftUser          : Swift user used by MediaWiki (account:username)
  80          *   - swiftKey           : Swift authentication key for the above user
  81          *   - swiftAuthTTL       : Swift authentication TTL (seconds)
  82          *   - swiftTempUrlKey    : Swift "X-Account-Meta-Temp-URL-Key" value on the account.
  83          *                          Do not set this until it has been set in the backend.
  84          *   - shardViaHashLevels : Map of container names to sharding config with:
  85          *                             - base   : base of hash characters, 16 or 36
  86          *                             - levels : the number of hash levels (and digits)
  87          *                             - repeat : hash subdirectories are prefixed with all the
  88          *                                        parent hash directory names (e.g. "a/ab/abc")
  89          *   - cacheAuthInfo      : Whether to cache authentication tokens in APC, XCache, ect.
  90          *                          If those are not available, then the main cache will be used.
  91          *                          This is probably insecure in shared hosting environments.
  92          *   - rgwS3AccessKey     : Rados Gateway S3 "access key" value on the account.
  93          *                          Do not set this until it has been set in the backend.
  94          *                          This is used for generating expiring pre-authenticated URLs.
  95          *                          Only use this when using rgw and to work around
  96          *                          http://tracker.newdream.net/issues/3454.
  97          *   - rgwS3SecretKey     : Rados Gateway S3 "secret key" value on the account.
  98          *                          Do not set this until it has been set in the backend.
  99          *                          This is used for generating expiring pre-authenticated URLs.
 100          *                          Only use this when using rgw and to work around
 101          *                          http://tracker.newdream.net/issues/3454.
 102          */
 103         public function __construct( array $config ) {
 104                 parent::__construct( $config );
 105                 // Required settings
 106                 $this->swiftAuthUrl = $config['swiftAuthUrl'];
 107                 $this->swiftUser = $config['swiftUser'];
 108                 $this->swiftKey = $config['swiftKey'];
 109                 // Optional settings
 110                 $this->authTTL = isset( $config['swiftAuthTTL'] )
 111                         ? $config['swiftAuthTTL']
 112                         : 5 * 60; // some sane number
 113                 $this->swiftTempUrlKey = isset( $config['swiftTempUrlKey'] )
 114                         ? $config['swiftTempUrlKey']
 115                         : '';
 116                 $this->shardViaHashLevels = isset( $config['shardViaHashLevels'] )
 117                         ? $config['shardViaHashLevels']
 118                         : '';
 119                 $this->rgwS3AccessKey = isset( $config['rgwS3AccessKey'] )
 120                         ? $config['rgwS3AccessKey']
 121                         : '';
 122                 $this->rgwS3SecretKey = isset( $config['rgwS3SecretKey'] )
 123                         ? $config['rgwS3SecretKey']
 124                         : '';
 125                 // HTTP helper client
 126                 $this->http = new MultiHttpClient( array() );
 127                 // Cache container information to mask latency
 128                 $this->memCache = wfGetMainCache();
 129                 // Process cache for container info
 130                 $this->containerStatCache = new ProcessCacheLRU( 300 );
 131                 // Cache auth token information to avoid RTTs
 132                 if ( !empty( $config['cacheAuthInfo'] ) ) {
 133                         if ( PHP_SAPI === 'cli' ) {
 134                                 $this->srvCache = wfGetMainCache(); // preferrably memcached
 135                         } else {
 136                                 try { // look for APC, XCache, WinCache, ect...
 137                                         $this->srvCache = ObjectCache::newAccelerator( array() );
 138                                 } catch ( Exception $e ) {
 139                                 }
 140                         }
 141                 }
 142                 $this->srvCache = $this->srvCache ?: new EmptyBagOStuff();
 143         }
 144
 145         public function getFeatures() {
 146                 return ( FileBackend::ATTR_HEADERS | FileBackend::ATTR_METADATA );
 147         }
 148
 149         protected function resolveContainerPath( $container, $relStoragePath ) {
 150                 if ( !mb_check_encoding( $relStoragePath, 'UTF-8' ) ) { // mb_string required by CF
 151                         return null; // not UTF-8, makes it hard to use CF and the swift HTTP API
 152                 } elseif ( strlen( urlencode( $relStoragePath ) ) > 1024 ) {
 153                         return null; // too long for Swift
 154                 }
 155
 156                 return $relStoragePath;
 157         }
 158
 159         public function isPathUsableInternal( $storagePath ) {
 160                 list( $container, $rel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $storagePath );
 161                 if ( $rel === null ) {
 162                         return false; // invalid
 163                 }
 164
 165                 return is_array( $this->getContainerStat( $container ) );
 166         }
 167
 168         /**
 169          * Sanitize and filter the custom headers from a $params array.
 170          * We only allow certain Content- and X-Content- headers.
 171          *
 172          * @param array $headers
 173          * @return array Sanitized value of 'headers' field in $params
 174          */
 175         protected function sanitizeHdrs( array $params ) {
 176                 $headers = array();
 177
 178                 // Normalize casing, and strip out illegal headers
 179                 if ( isset( $params['headers'] )  ) {
 180                         foreach ( $params['headers'] as $name => $value ) {
 181                                 $name = strtolower( $name );
 182                                 if ( preg_match( '/^content-(type|length)$/', $name ) ) {
 183                                         continue; // blacklisted
 184                                 } elseif ( preg_match( '/^(x-)?content-/', $name ) ) {
 185                                         $headers[$name] = $value; // allowed
 186                                 } elseif ( preg_match( '/^content-(disposition)/', $name ) ) {
 187                                         $headers[$name] = $value; // allowed
 188                                 }
 189                         }
 190                 }
 191                 // By default, Swift has annoyingly low maximum header value limits
 192                 if ( isset( $headers['content-disposition'] ) ) {
 193                         $disposition = '';
 194                         foreach ( explode( ';', $headers['content-disposition'] ) as $part ) {
 195                                 $part = trim( $part );
 196                                 $new = ( $disposition === '' ) ? $part : "{$disposition};{$part}";
 197                                 if ( strlen( $new ) <= 255 ) {
 198                                         $disposition = $new;
 199                                 } else {
 200                                         break; // too long; sigh
 201                                 }
 202                         }
 203                         $headers['content-disposition'] = $disposition;
 204                 }
 205
 206                 return $headers;
 207         }
 208
 209         protected function doCreateInternal( array $params ) {
 210                 $status = Status::newGood();
 211
 212                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 213                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 214                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 215
 216                         return $status;
 217                 }
 218
 219                 $sha1Hash = wfBaseConvert( sha1( $params['content'] ), 16, 36, 31 );
 220                 $contentType = $this->getContentType( $params['dst'], $params['content'], null );
 221
 222                 $reqs = array( array(
 223                         'method'  => 'PUT',
 224                         'url'     => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 225                         'headers' => array(
 226                                 'content-length'           => strlen( $params['content'] ),
 227                                 'etag'                     => md5( $params['content'] ),
 228                                 'content-type'             => $contentType,
 229                                 'x-object-meta-sha1base36' => $sha1Hash
 230                         ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ),
 231                         'body'    => $params['content']
 232                 ) );
 233
 234                 $be = $this;
 235                 $method = __METHOD__;
 236                 $handler = function( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 237                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 238                         if ( $rcode === 201 ) {
 239                                 // good
 240                         } elseif ( $rcode === 412 ) {
 241                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-contenttype', $params['dst'] );
 242                         } else {
 243                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 244                         }
 245                 };
 246
 247                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 248                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 249                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 250                 } else { // actually write the object in Swift
 251                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 252                 }
 253
 254                 return $status;
 255         }
 256
 257         protected function doStoreInternal( array $params ) {
 258                 $status = Status::newGood();
 259
 260                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 261                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 262                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 263
 264                         return $status;
 265                 }
 266
 267                 wfSuppressWarnings();
 268                 $sha1Hash = sha1_file( $params['src'] );
 269                 wfRestoreWarnings();
 270                 if ( $sha1Hash === false ) { // source doesn't exist?
 271                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-store', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 272
 273                         return $status;
 274                 }
 275                 $sha1Hash = wfBaseConvert( $sha1Hash, 16, 36, 31 );
 276                 $contentType = $this->getContentType( $params['dst'], null, $params['src'] );
 277
 278                 $handle = fopen( $params['src'], 'rb+' );
 279                 if ( $handle === false ) { // source doesn't exist?
 280                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-store', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 281
 282                         return $status;
 283                 }
 284
 285                 $reqs = array( array(
 286                         'method'  => 'PUT',
 287                         'url'     => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 288                         'headers' => array(
 289                                 'content-length'           => filesize( $params['src'] ),
 290                                 'etag'                     => md5_file( $params['src'] ),
 291                                 'content-type'             => $contentType,
 292                                 'x-object-meta-sha1base36' => $sha1Hash
 293                         ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ),
 294                         'body'    => $handle // resource
 295                 ) );
 296
 297                 $be = $this;
 298                 $method = __METHOD__;
 299                 $handler = function( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 300                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 301                         if ( $rcode === 201 ) {
 302                                 // good
 303                         } elseif ( $rcode === 412 ) {
 304                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-contenttype', $params['dst'] );
 305                         } else {
 306                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 307                         }
 308                 };
 309
 310                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 311                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 312                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 313                 } else { // actually write the object in Swift
 314                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 315                 }
 316
 317                 return $status;
 318         }
 319
 320         protected function doCopyInternal( array $params ) {
 321                 $status = Status::newGood();
 322
 323                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 324                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 325                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 326
 327                         return $status;
 328                 }
 329
 330                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 331                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 332                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 333
 334                         return $status;
 335                 }
 336
 337                 $reqs = array( array(
 338                         'method'  => 'PUT',
 339                         'url'     => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 340                         'headers' => array(
 341                                 'x-copy-from' => '/' . rawurlencode( $srcCont ) .
 342                                         '/' . str_replace( "%2F", "/", rawurlencode( $srcRel ) )
 343                         ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ), // extra headers merged into object
 344                 ) );
 345
 346                 $be = $this;
 347                 $method = __METHOD__;
 348                 $handler = function( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 349                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 350                         if ( $rcode === 201 ) {
 351                                 // good
 352                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 353                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-copy', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 354                         } else {
 355                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 356                         }
 357                 };
 358
 359                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 360                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 361                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 362                 } else { // actually write the object in Swift
 363                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 364                 }
 365
 366                 return $status;
 367         }
 368
 369         protected function doMoveInternal( array $params ) {
 370                 $status = Status::newGood();
 371
 372                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 373                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 374                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 375
 376                         return $status;
 377                 }
 378
 379                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 380                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 381                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 382
 383                         return $status;
 384                 }
 385
 386                 $reqs = array(
 387                         array(
 388                                 'method'  => 'PUT',
 389                                 'url'     => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 390                                 'headers' => array(
 391                                         'x-copy-from' => '/' . rawurlencode( $srcCont ) .
 392                                                 '/' . str_replace( "%2F", "/", rawurlencode( $srcRel ) )
 393                                 ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ) // extra headers merged into object
 394                         )
 395                 );
 396                 if ( "{$srcCont}/{$srcRel}" !== "{$dstCont}/{$dstRel}" ) {
 397                         $reqs[] = array(
 398                                 'method'  => 'DELETE',
 399                                 'url'     => array( $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 400                                 'headers' => array()
 401                         );
 402                 }
 403
 404                 $be = $this;
 405                 $method = __METHOD__;
 406                 $handler = function( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 407                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 408                         if ( $request['method'] === 'PUT' && $rcode === 201 ) {
 409                                 // good
 410                         } elseif ( $request['method'] === 'DELETE' && $rcode === 204 ) {
 411                                 // good
 412                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 413                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-move', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 414                         } else {
 415                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 416                         }
 417                 };
 418
 419                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 420                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 421                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 422                 } else { // actually move the object in Swift
 423                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 424                 }
 425
 426                 return $status;
 427         }
 428
 429         protected function doDeleteInternal( array $params ) {
 430                 $status = Status::newGood();
 431
 432                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 433                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 434                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 435
 436                         return $status;
 437                 }
 438
 439                 $reqs = array(
 440                         array(
 441                                 'method'  => 'DELETE',
 442                                 'url'     => array( $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 443                                 'headers' => array()
 444                 ) );
 445
 446                 $be = $this;
 447                 $method = __METHOD__;
 448                 $handler = function( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 449                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 450                         if ( $rcode === 204 ) {
 451                                 // good
 452                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 453                                 if ( empty( $params['ignoreMissingSource'] ) ) {
 454                                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-delete', $params['src'] );
 455                                 }
 456                         } else {
 457                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 458                         }
 459                 };
 460
 461                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 462                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 463                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 464                 } else { // actually delete the object in Swift
 465                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 466                 }
 467
 468                 return $status;
 469         }
 470
 471         protected function doDescribeInternal( array $params ) {
 472                 $status = Status::newGood();
 473
 474                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 475                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 476                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 477
 478                         return $status;
 479                 }
 480
 481                 // Fetch the old object headers/metadata...this should be in stat cache by now
 482                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( array( 'src' => $params['src'], 'latest' => 1 ) );
 483                 if ( $stat && !isset( $stat['xattr'] ) ) { // older cache entry
 484                         $stat = $this->doGetFileStat( array( 'src' => $params['src'], 'latest' => 1 ) );
 485                 }
 486                 if ( !$stat ) {
 487                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-describe', $params['src'] );
 488
 489                         return $status;
 490                 }
 491
 492                 // POST clears prior headers, so we need to merge the changes in to the old ones
 493                 $metaHdrs = array();
 494                 foreach ( $stat['xattr']['metadata'] as $name => $value ) {
 495                         $metaHdrs["x-object-meta-$name"] = $value;
 496                 }
 497                 $customHdrs = $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ) + $stat['xattr']['headers'];
 498
 499                 $reqs = array( array(
 500                         'method'  => 'POST',
 501                         'url'     => array( $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 502                         'headers' => $metaHdrs + $customHdrs
 503                 ) );
 504
 505                 $be = $this;
 506                 $method = __METHOD__;
 507                 $handler = function( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 508                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 509                         if ( $rcode === 202 ) {
 510                                 // good
 511                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 512                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-describe', $params['src'] );
 513                         } else {
 514                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 515                         }
 516                 };
 517
 518                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 519                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 520                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 521                 } else { // actually change the object in Swift
 522                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 523                 }
 524
 525                 return $status;
 526         }
 527
 528         protected function doPrepareInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 529                 $status = Status::newGood();
 530
 531                 // (a) Check if container already exists
 532                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont );
 533                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
 534                         return $status; // already there
 535                 } elseif ( $stat === null ) {
 536                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 537                         return $status;
 538                 }
 539
 540                 // (b) Create container as needed with proper ACLs
 541                 if ( $stat === false ) {
 542                         $params['op'] = 'prepare';
 543                         $status->merge( $this->createContainer( $fullCont, $params ) );
 544                 }
 545
 546                 return $status;
 547         }
 548
 549         protected function doSecureInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 550                 $status = Status::newGood();
 551                 if ( empty( $params['noAccess'] ) ) {
 552                         return $status; // nothing to do
 553                 }
 554
 555                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont );
 556                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
 557                         // Make container private to end-users...
 558                         $status->merge( $this->setContainerAccess(
 559                                 $fullCont,
 560                                 array( $this->swiftUser ), // read
 561                                 array( $this->swiftUser ) // write
 562                         ) );
 563                 } elseif ( $stat === false ) {
 564                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-usable', $params['dir'] );
 565                 } else {
 566                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 567                 }
 568
 569                 return $status;
 570         }
 571
 572         protected function doPublishInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 573                 $status = Status::newGood();
 574
 575                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont );
 576                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
 577                         // Make container public to end-users...
 578                         $status->merge( $this->setContainerAccess(
 579                                 $fullCont,
 580                                 array( $this->swiftUser, '.r:*' ), // read
 581                                 array( $this->swiftUser ) // write
 582                         ) );
 583                 } elseif ( $stat === false ) {
 584                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-usable', $params['dir'] );
 585                 } else {
 586                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 587                 }
 588
 589                 return $status;
 590         }
 591
 592         protected function doCleanInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 593                 $status = Status::newGood();
 594
 595                 // Only containers themselves can be removed, all else is virtual
 596                 if ( $dir != '' ) {
 597                         return $status; // nothing to do
 598                 }
 599
 600                 // (a) Check the container
 601                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont, true );
 602                 if ( $stat === false ) {
 603                         return $status; // ok, nothing to do
 604                 } elseif ( !is_array( $stat ) ) {
 605                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 606                         return $status;
 607                 }
 608
 609                 // (b) Delete the container if empty
 610                 if ( $stat['count'] == 0 ) {
 611                         $params['op'] = 'clean';
 612                         $status->merge( $this->deleteContainer( $fullCont, $params ) );
 613                 }
 614
 615                 return $status;
 616         }
 617
 618         protected function doGetFileStat( array $params ) {
 619                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 620                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 621                         return false; // invalid storage path
 622                 }
 623
 624                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
 625                 if ( !$auth ) {
 626                         return null;
 627                 }
 628
 629                 // (a) Check the container
 630                 $cstat = $this->getContainerStat( $srcCont, true );
 631                 if ( $cstat === false ) {
 632                         return false; // ok, nothing to do
 633                 } elseif ( !is_array( $cstat ) ) {
 634                         return null;
 635                 }
 636
 637                 // (b) Check the file
 638                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
 639                         'method'  => 'HEAD',
 640                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 641                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + $this->headersFromParams( $params )
 642                 ) );
 643                 if ( $rcode === 200 || $rcode === 204 ) {
 644                         // Update the object if it is missing some headers
 645                         $rhdrs = $this->addMissingMetadata( $rhdrs, $params['src'] );
 646                         // Fetch all of the custom metadata headers
 647                         $metadata = array();
 648                         foreach ( $rhdrs as $name => $value ) {
 649                                 if ( strpos( $name, 'x-object-meta-' ) === 0 ) {
 650                                         $metadata[substr( $name, strlen( 'x-object-meta-' ) )] = $value;
 651                                 }
 652                         }
 653                         // Fetch all of the custom raw HTTP headers
 654                         $headers = $this->sanitizeHdrs( array( 'headers' => $rhdrs ) );
 655                         $stat = array(
 656                                 // Convert various random Swift dates to TS_MW
 657                                 'mtime' => $this->convertSwiftDate( $rhdrs['last-modified'], TS_MW ),
 658                                 // Empty objects actually return no content-length header in Ceph
 659                                 'size'  => isset( $rhdrs['content-length'] ) ? (int)$rhdrs['content-length'] : 0,
 660                                 'sha1'  => $rhdrs[ 'x-object-meta-sha1base36'],
 661                                 'md5'   => ctype_xdigit( $rhdrs['etag'] ) ? $rhdrs['etag'] : null,
 662                                 'xattr' => array( 'metadata' => $metadata, 'headers' => $headers )
 663                         );
 664                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 665                         $stat = false;
 666                 } else {
 667                         $stat = null;
 668                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 669                 }
 670
 671                 return $stat;
 672         }
 673
 674         /**
 675          * Convert dates like "Tue, 03 Jan 2012 22:01:04 GMT"/"2013-05-11T07:37:27.678360Z".
 676          * Dates might also come in like "2013-05-11T07:37:27.678360" from Swift listings,
 677          * missing the timezone suffix (though Ceph RGW does not appear to have this bug).
 678          *
 679          * @param string $ts
 680          * @param int $format Output format (TS_* constant)
 681          * @return string
 682          * @throws FileBackendError
 683          */
 684         protected function convertSwiftDate( $ts, $format = TS_MW ) {
 685                 try {
 686                         $timestamp = new MWTimestamp( $ts );
 687                         return $timestamp->getTimestamp( $format );
 688                 } catch ( MWException $e ) {
 689                         throw new FileBackendError( $e->getMessage() );
 690                 }
 691         }
 692
 693         /**
 694          * Fill in any missing object metadata and save it to Swift
 695          *
 696          * @param array $objHdrs Object response headers
 697          * @param string $path Storage path to object
 698          * @return array New headers
 699          */
 700         protected function addMissingMetadata( array $objHdrs, $path ) {
 701                 if ( isset( $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] ) ) {
 702                         return $objHdrs; // nothing to do
 703                 }
 704
 705                 $section = new ProfileSection( __METHOD__ );
 706                 trigger_error( "$path was not stored with SHA-1 metadata.", E_USER_WARNING );
 707
 708                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
 709                 if ( !$auth ) {
 710                         $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] = false;
 711                         return $objHdrs; // failed
 712                 }
 713
 714                 $status = Status::newGood();
 715                 $scopeLockS = $this->getScopedFileLocks( array( $path ), LockManager::LOCK_UW, $status );
 716                 if ( $status->isOK() ) {
 717                         $tmpFile = $this->getLocalCopy( array( 'src' => $path, 'latest' => 1 ) );
 718                         if ( $tmpFile ) {
 719                                 $hash = $tmpFile->getSha1Base36();
 720                                 if ( $hash !== false ) {
 721                                         $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] = $hash;
 722                                         list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $path );
 723                                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
 724                                                 'method'  => 'POST',
 725                                                 'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 726                                                 'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + $objHdrs
 727                                         ) );
 728                                         if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) {
 729                                                 return $objHdrs; // success
 730                                         }
 731                                 }
 732                         }
 733                 }
 734                 trigger_error( "Unable to set SHA-1 metadata for $path", E_USER_WARNING );
 735                 $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] = false;
 736
 737                 return $objHdrs; // failed
 738         }
 739
 740         protected function doGetFileContentsMulti( array $params ) {
 741                 $contents = array();
 742
 743                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
 744
 745                 $ep = array_diff_key( $params, array( 'srcs' => 1 ) ); // for error logging
 746                 // Blindly create tmp files and stream to them, catching any exception if the file does
 747                 // not exist. Doing stats here is useless and will loop infinitely in addMissingMetadata().
 748                 foreach ( array_chunk( $params['srcs'], $params['concurrency'] ) as $pathBatch ) {
 749                         $reqs = array(); // (path => op)
 750
 751                         foreach ( $pathBatch as $path ) { // each path in this concurrent batch
 752                                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $path );
 753                                 if ( $srcRel === null || !$auth ) {
 754                                         $contents[$path] = false;
 755                                         continue;
 756                                 }
 757                                 $data = false;
 758                                 // Create a new temporary memory file...
 759                                 $handle = fopen( 'php://temp', 'wb' );
 760                                 if ( $handle ) {
 761                                         $reqs[$path] = array(
 762                                                 'method'  => 'GET',
 763                                                 'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 764                                                 'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
 765                                                         + $this->headersFromParams( $params ),
 766                                                 'stream'  => $handle,
 767                                         );
 768                                 } else {
 769                                         $data = false;
 770                                 }
 771                                 $contents[$path] = $data;
 772                         }
 773
 774                         $reqs = $this->http->runMulti( $reqs );
 775                         foreach ( $reqs as $path => $op ) {
 776                                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $op['response'];
 777                                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) {
 778                                         rewind( $op['stream'] ); // start from the beginning
 779                                         $contents[$path] = stream_get_contents( $op['stream'] );
 780                                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 781                                         $contents[$path] = false;
 782                                 } else {
 783                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__,
 784                                                 array( 'src' => $path ) + $ep, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 785                                 }
 786                                 fclose( $op['stream'] ); // close open handle
 787                         }
 788                 }
 789
 790                 return $contents;
 791         }
 792
 793         protected function doDirectoryExists( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 794                 $prefix = ( $dir == '' ) ? null : "{$dir}/";
 795                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', 1, null, $prefix );
 796                 if ( $status->isOk() ) {
 797                         return ( count( $status->value ) );
 798                 }
 799                 return null; // error
 800         }
 801
 802         /**
 803          * @see FileBackendStore::getDirectoryListInternal()
 804          * @param string $fullCont
 805          * @param string $dir
 806          * @param array $params
 807          * @return SwiftFileBackendDirList
 808          */
 809         public function getDirectoryListInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 810                 return new SwiftFileBackendDirList( $this, $fullCont, $dir, $params );
 811         }
 812
 813         /**
 814          * @see FileBackendStore::getFileListInternal()
 815          * @param string $fullCont
 816          * @param string $dir
 817          * @param array $params
 818          * @return SwiftFileBackendFileList
 819          */
 820         public function getFileListInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 821                 return new SwiftFileBackendFileList( $this, $fullCont, $dir, $params );
 822         }
 823
 824         /**
 825          * Do not call this function outside of SwiftFileBackendFileList
 826          *
 827          * @param string $fullCont Resolved container name
 828          * @param string $dir Resolved storage directory with no trailing slash
 829          * @param string|null $after Resolved container relative path to list items after
 830          * @param int $limit Max number of items to list
 831          * @param array $params Parameters for getDirectoryList()
 832          * @return array List of container relative resolved paths of directories directly under $dir
 833          * @throws FileBackendError
 834          */
 835         public function getDirListPageInternal( $fullCont, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
 836                 $dirs = array();
 837                 if ( $after === INF ) {
 838                         return $dirs; // nothing more
 839                 }
 840
 841                 $section = new ProfileSection( __METHOD__ . '-' . $this->name );
 842
 843                 $prefix = ( $dir == '' ) ? null : "{$dir}/";
 844                 // Non-recursive: only list dirs right under $dir
 845                 if ( !empty( $params['topOnly'] ) ) {
 846                         $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix, '/' );
 847                         if ( !$status->isOk() ) {
 848                                 return $dirs; // error
 849                         }
 850                         $objects = $status->value;
 851                         foreach ( $objects as $object ) { // files and directories
 852                                 if ( substr( $object, -1 ) === '/' ) {
 853                                         $dirs[] = $object; // directories end in '/'
 854                                 }
 855                         }
 856                 // Recursive: list all dirs under $dir and its subdirs
 857                 } else {
 858                         $getParentDir = function( $path ) {
 859                                 return ( strpos( $path, '/' ) !== false ) ? dirname( $path ) : false;
 860                         };
 861                         // Get directory from last item of prior page
 862                         $lastDir = $getParentDir( $after ); // must be first page
 863                         $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix );
 864                         if ( !$status->isOk() ) {
 865                                 return $dirs; // error
 866                         }
 867                         $objects = $status->value;
 868                         foreach ( $objects as $object ) { // files
 869                                 $objectDir = $getParentDir( $object ); // directory of object
 870                                 if ( $objectDir !== false && $objectDir !== $dir ) {
 871                                         // Swift stores paths in UTF-8, using binary sorting.
 872                                         // See function "create_container_table" in common/db.py.
 873                                         // If a directory is not "greater" than the last one,
 874                                         // then it was already listed by the calling iterator.
 875                                         if ( strcmp( $objectDir, $lastDir ) > 0 ) {
 876                                                 $pDir = $objectDir;
 877                                                 do { // add dir and all its parent dirs
 878                                                         $dirs[] = "{$pDir}/";
 879                                                         $pDir = $getParentDir( $pDir );
 880                                                 } while ( $pDir !== false // sanity
 881                                                         && strcmp( $pDir, $lastDir ) > 0 // not done already
 882                                                         && strlen( $pDir ) > strlen( $dir ) // within $dir
 883                                                 );
 884                                         }
 885                                         $lastDir = $objectDir;
 886                                 }
 887                         }
 888                 }
 889                 // Page on the unfiltered directory listing (what is returned may be filtered)
 890                 if ( count( $objects ) < $limit ) {
 891                         $after = INF; // avoid a second RTT
 892                 } else {
 893                         $after = end( $objects ); // update last item
 894                 }
 895
 896                 return $dirs;
 897         }
 898
 899         /**
 900          * Do not call this function outside of SwiftFileBackendFileList
 901          *
 902          * @param string $fullCont Resolved container name
 903          * @param string $dir Resolved storage directory with no trailing slash
 904          * @param string|null $after Resolved container relative path of file to list items after
 905          * @param int $limit Max number of items to list
 906          * @param array $params Parameters for getDirectoryList()
 907          * @return array List of resolved container relative paths of files under $dir
 908          * @throws FileBackendError
 909          */
 910         public function getFileListPageInternal( $fullCont, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
 911                 $files = array(); // list of (path, stat array or null) entries
 912                 if ( $after === INF ) {
 913                         return $files; // nothing more
 914                 }
 915
 916                 $section = new ProfileSection( __METHOD__ . '-' . $this->name );
 917
 918                 $prefix = ( $dir == '' ) ? null : "{$dir}/";
 919                 // $objects will contain a list of unfiltered names or CF_Object items
 920                 // Non-recursive: only list files right under $dir
 921                 if ( !empty( $params['topOnly'] ) ) {
 922                         if ( !empty( $params['adviseStat'] ) ) {
 923                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'info', $limit, $after, $prefix, '/' );
 924                         } else {
 925                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix, '/' );
 926                         }
 927                 // Recursive: list all files under $dir and its subdirs
 928                 } else {
 929                         if ( !empty( $params['adviseStat'] ) ) {
 930                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'info', $limit, $after, $prefix );
 931                         } else {
 932                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix );
 933                         }
 934                 }
 935                 // Reformat this list into a list of (name, stat array or null) entries
 936                 if ( !$status->isOk() ) {
 937                         return $files; // error
 938                 }
 939                 $objects = $status->value;
 940                 $files = $this->buildFileObjectListing( $params, $dir, $objects );
 941                 // Page on the unfiltered object listing (what is returned may be filtered)
 942                 if ( count( $objects ) < $limit ) {
 943                         $after = INF; // avoid a second RTT
 944                 } else {
 945                         $after = end( $objects ); // update last item
 946                         $after = is_object( $after ) ? $after->name : $after;
 947                 }
 948
 949                 return $files;
 950         }
 951
 952         /**
 953          * Build a list of file objects, filtering out any directories
 954          * and extracting any stat info if provided in $objects (for CF_Objects)
 955          *
 956          * @param array $params Parameters for getDirectoryList()
 957          * @param string $dir Resolved container directory path
 958          * @param array $objects List of CF_Object items or object names
 959          * @return array List of (names,stat array or null) entries
 960          */
 961         private function buildFileObjectListing( array $params, $dir, array $objects ) {
 962                 $names = array();
 963                 foreach ( $objects as $object ) {
 964                         if ( is_object( $object ) ) {
 965                                 if ( isset( $object->subdir ) || !isset( $object->name ) ) {
 966                                         continue; // virtual directory entry; ignore
 967                                 }
 968                                 $stat = array(
 969                                         // Convert various random Swift dates to TS_MW
 970                                         'mtime'  => $this->convertSwiftDate( $object->last_modified, TS_MW ),
 971                                         'size'   => (int)$object->bytes,
 972                                         'md5'    => ctype_xdigit( $object->hash ) ? $object->hash : null,
 973                                         'latest' => false // eventually consistent
 974                                 );
 975                                 $names[] = array( $object->name, $stat );
 976                         } elseif ( substr( $object, -1 ) !== '/' ) {
 977                                 // Omit directories, which end in '/' in listings
 978                                 $names[] = array( $object, null );
 979                         }
 980                 }
 981
 982                 return $names;
 983         }
 984
 985         /**
 986          * Do not call this function outside of SwiftFileBackendFileList
 987          *
 988          * @param string $path Storage path
 989          * @param array $val Stat value
 990          */
 991         public function loadListingStatInternal( $path, array $val ) {
 992                 $this->cheapCache->set( $path, 'stat', $val );
 993         }
 994
 995         protected function doGetFileXAttributes( array $params ) {
 996                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
 997                 if ( $stat ) {
 998                         if ( !isset( $stat['xattr'] ) ) {
 999                                 // Stat entries filled by file listings don't include metadata/headers
1000                                 $this->clearCache( array( $params['src'] ) );
1001                                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1002                         }
1003                         return $stat['xattr'];
1004                 } else {
1005                         return false;
1006                 }
1007         }
1008
1009         protected function doGetFileSha1base36( array $params ) {
1010                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1011                 if ( $stat ) {
1012                         if ( !isset( $stat['sha1'] ) ) {
1013                                 // Stat entries filled by file listings don't include SHA1
1014                                 $this->clearCache( array( $params['src'] ) );
1015                                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1016                         }
1017
1018                         return $stat['sha1'];
1019                 } else {
1020                         return false;
1021                 }
1022         }
1023
1024         protected function doStreamFile( array $params ) {
1025                 $status = Status::newGood();
1026
1027                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
1028                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
1029                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
1030                 }
1031
1032                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1033                 if ( !$auth || !is_array( $this->getContainerStat( $srcCont ) ) ) {
1034                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-stream', $params['src'] );
1035                         return $status;
1036                 }
1037
1038                 $handle = fopen( 'php://output', 'wb' );
1039
1040                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1041                         'method'  => 'GET',
1042                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
1043                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1044                                 + $this->headersFromParams( $params ),
1045                         'stream'  => $handle,
1046                 ) );
1047
1048                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) {
1049                         // good
1050                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1051                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-stream', $params['src'] );
1052                 } else {
1053                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1054                 }
1055
1056                 return $status;
1057         }
1058
1059         protected function doGetLocalCopyMulti( array $params ) {
1060                 $tmpFiles = array();
1061
1062                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1063
1064                 $ep = array_diff_key( $params, array( 'srcs' => 1 ) ); // for error logging
1065                 // Blindly create tmp files and stream to them, catching any exception if the file does
1066                 // not exist. Doing a stat here is useless causes infinite loops in addMissingMetadata().
1067                 foreach ( array_chunk( $params['srcs'], $params['concurrency'] ) as $pathBatch ) {
1068                         $reqs = array(); // (path => op)
1069
1070                         foreach ( $pathBatch as $path ) { // each path in this concurrent batch
1071                                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $path );
1072                                 if ( $srcRel === null || !$auth ) {
1073                                         $tmpFiles[$path] = null;
1074                                         continue;
1075                                 }
1076                                 $tmpFile = null;
1077                                 // Get source file extension
1078                                 $ext = FileBackend::extensionFromPath( $path );
1079                                 // Create a new temporary file...
1080                                 $tmpFile = TempFSFile::factory( 'localcopy_', $ext );
1081                                 if ( $tmpFile ) {
1082                                         $handle = fopen( $tmpFile->getPath(), 'wb' );
1083                                         if ( $handle ) {
1084                                                 $reqs[$path] = array(
1085                                                         'method'  => 'GET',
1086                                                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
1087                                                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1088                                                                 + $this->headersFromParams( $params ),
1089                                                         'stream'  => $handle,
1090                                                 );
1091                                         } else {
1092                                                 $tmpFile = null;
1093                                         }
1094                                 }
1095                                 $tmpFiles[$path] = $tmpFile;
1096                         }
1097
1098                         $reqs = $this->http->runMulti( $reqs );
1099                         foreach ( $reqs as $path => $op ) {
1100                                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $op['response'];
1101                                 fclose( $op['stream'] ); // close open handle
1102                                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299
1103                                         // double check that the disk is not full/broken
1104                                         && $tmpFiles[$path]->getSize() == $rhdrs['content-length']
1105                                 ) {
1106                                         // good
1107                                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1108                                         $tmpFiles[$path] = false;
1109                                 } else {
1110                                         $tmpFiles[$path] = null;
1111                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__,
1112                                                 array( 'src' => $path ) + $ep, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1113                                 }
1114                         }
1115                 }
1116
1117                 return $tmpFiles;
1118         }
1119
1120         public function getFileHttpUrl( array $params ) {
1121                 if ( $this->swiftTempUrlKey != '' ||
1122                         ( $this->rgwS3AccessKey != '' && $this->rgwS3SecretKey != '' )
1123                 ) {
1124                         list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
1125                         if ( $srcRel === null ) {
1126                                 return null; // invalid path
1127                         }
1128
1129                         $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1130                         if ( !$auth ) {
1131                                 return null;
1132                         }
1133
1134                         $ttl = isset( $params['ttl'] ) ? $params['ttl'] : 86400;
1135                         $expires = time() + $ttl;
1136
1137                         if ( $this->swiftTempUrlKey != '' ) {
1138                                 $url = $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel );
1139                                 // Swift wants the signature based on the unencoded object name
1140                                 $contPath = parse_url( $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont ), PHP_URL_PATH );
1141                                 $signature = hash_hmac( 'sha1',
1142                                         "GET\n{$expires}\n{$contPath}/{$srcRel}",
1143                                         $this->swiftTempUrlKey
1144                                 );
1145                                 return "{$url}?temp_url_sig={$signature}&temp_url_expires={$expires}";
1146                         } else { // give S3 API URL for rgw
1147                                 // Path for signature starts with the bucket
1148                                 $spath = '/' . rawurlencode( $srcCont ) . '/' .
1149                                         str_replace( '%2F', '/', rawurlencode( $srcRel ) );
1150                                 // Calculate the hash
1151                                 $signature = base64_encode( hash_hmac(
1152                                         'sha1',
1153                                         "GET\n\n\n{$expires}\n{$spath}",
1154                                         $this->rgwS3SecretKey,
1155                                         true // raw
1156                                 ) );
1157                                 // See http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/s3-developer-guide/RESTAuthentication.html.
1158                                 // Note: adding a newline for empty CanonicalizedAmzHeaders does not work.
1159                                 return wfAppendQuery(
1160                                         str_replace( '/swift/v1', '', // S3 API is the rgw default
1161                                                 $this->storageUrl( $auth ) . $spath ),
1162                                         array(
1163                                                 'Signature' => $signature,
1164                                                 'Expires' => $expires,
1165                                                 'AWSAccessKeyId' => $this->rgwS3AccessKey )
1166                                 );
1167                         }
1168                 }
1169
1170                 return null;
1171         }
1172
1173         protected function directoriesAreVirtual() {
1174                 return true;
1175         }
1176
1177         /**
1178          * Get headers to send to Swift when reading a file based
1179          * on a FileBackend params array, e.g. that of getLocalCopy().
1180          * $params is currently only checked for a 'latest' flag.
1181          *
1182          * @param array $params
1183          * @return array
1184          */
1185         protected function headersFromParams( array $params ) {
1186                 $hdrs = array();
1187                 if ( !empty( $params['latest'] ) ) {
1188                         $hdrs['x-newest'] = 'true';
1189                 }
1190
1191                 return $hdrs;
1192         }
1193
1194         protected function doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array $fileOpHandles ) {
1195                 $statuses = array();
1196
1197                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1198                 if ( !$auth ) {
1199                         foreach ( $fileOpHandles as $index => $fileOpHandle ) {
1200                                 $statuses[$index] = Status::newFatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1201                         }
1202                         return $statuses;
1203                 }
1204
1205                 // Split the HTTP requests into stages that can be done concurrently
1206                 $httpReqsByStage = array(); // map of (stage => index => HTTP request)
1207                 foreach ( $fileOpHandles as $index => $fileOpHandle ) {
1208                         $reqs = $fileOpHandle->httpOp;
1209                         // Convert the 'url' parameter to an actual URL using $auth
1210                         foreach ( $reqs as $stage => &$req ) {
1211                                 list( $container, $relPath ) = $req['url'];
1212                                 $req['url'] = $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container, $relPath );
1213                                 $req['headers'] = isset( $req['headers'] ) ? $req['headers'] : array();
1214                                 $req['headers'] = $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + $req['headers'];
1215                                 $httpReqsByStage[$stage][$index] = $req;
1216                         }
1217                         $statuses[$index] = Status::newGood();
1218                 }
1219
1220                 // Run all requests for the first stage, then the next, and so on
1221                 for ( $stage = 0; $stage < count( $httpReqsByStage ); ++$stage ) {
1222                         $httpReqs = $this->http->runMulti( $httpReqsByStage[$stage] );
1223                         foreach ( $httpReqs as $index => $httpReq ) {
1224                                 // Run the callback for each request of this operation
1225                                 $callback = $fileOpHandles[$index]->callback;
1226                                 call_user_func_array( $callback, array( $httpReq, $statuses[$index] ) );
1227                                 // On failure, abort all remaining requests for this operation
1228                                 // (e.g. abort the DELETE request if the COPY request fails for a move)
1229                                 if ( !$statuses[$index]->isOK() ) {
1230                                         $stages = count( $fileOpHandles[$index]->httpOp );
1231                                         for ( $s = ( $stage + 1 ); $s < $stages; ++$s ) {
1232                                                 unset( $httpReqsByStage[$s][$index] );
1233                                         }
1234                                 }
1235                         }
1236                 }
1237
1238                 return $statuses;
1239         }
1240
1241         /**
1242          * Set read/write permissions for a Swift container.
1243          *
1244          * @see http://swift.openstack.org/misc.html#acls
1245          *
1246          * In general, we don't allow listings to end-users. It's not useful, isn't well-defined
1247          * (lists are truncated to 10000 item with no way to page), and is just a performance risk.
1248          *
1249          * @param string $container Resolved Swift container
1250          * @param array $readGrps List of the possible criteria for a request to have
1251          * access to read a container. Each item is one of the following formats:
1252          *   - account:user        : Grants access if the request is by the given user
1253          *   - ".r:<regex>"        : Grants access if the request is from a referrer host that
1254          *                           matches the expression and the request is not for a listing.
1255          *                           Setting this to '*' effectively makes a container public.
1256          *   -".rlistings:<regex>" : Grants access if the request is from a referrer host that
1257          *                           matches the expression and the request is for a listing.
1258          * @param array $writeGrps A list of the possible criteria for a request to have
1259          * access to write to a container. Each item is of the following format:
1260          *   - account:user       : Grants access if the request is by the given user
1261          * @return Status
1262          */
1263         protected function setContainerAccess( $container, array $readGrps, array $writeGrps ) {
1264                 $status = Status::newGood();
1265
1266                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1267                 if ( !$auth ) {
1268                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1269                         return $status;
1270                 }
1271
1272                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1273                         'method'  => 'POST',
1274                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1275                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + array(
1276                                 'x-container-read'  => implode( ',', $readGrps ),
1277                                 'x-container-write' => implode( ',', $writeGrps )
1278                         )
1279                 ) );
1280
1281                 if ( $rcode != 204 && $rcode !== 202 ) {
1282                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
1283                 }
1284
1285                 return $status;
1286         }
1287
1288         /**
1289          * Get a Swift container stat array, possibly from process cache.
1290          * Use $reCache if the file count or byte count is needed.
1291          *
1292          * @param string $container Container name
1293          * @param bool $bypassCache Bypass all caches and load from Swift
1294          * @return array|bool|null False on 404, null on failure
1295          */
1296         protected function getContainerStat( $container, $bypassCache = false ) {
1297                 if ( $bypassCache ) { // purge cache
1298                         $this->containerStatCache->clear( $container );
1299                 } elseif ( !$this->containerStatCache->has( $container, 'stat' ) ) {
1300                         $this->primeContainerCache( array( $container ) ); // check persistent cache
1301                 }
1302                 if ( !$this->containerStatCache->has( $container, 'stat' ) ) {
1303                         $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1304                         if ( !$auth ) {
1305                                 return null;
1306                         }
1307
1308                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1309                                 'method'  => 'HEAD',
1310                                 'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1311                                 'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1312                         ) );
1313
1314                         if ( $rcode === 204 ) {
1315                                 $stat = array(
1316                                         'count' => $rhdrs['x-container-object-count'],
1317                                         'bytes' => $rhdrs['x-container-bytes-used']
1318                                 );
1319                                 if ( $bypassCache ) {
1320                                         return $stat;
1321                                 } else {
1322                                         $this->containerStatCache->set( $container, 'stat', $stat ); // cache it
1323                                 }
1324                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1325                                 return false;
1326                         } else {
1327                                 $this->onError( null, __METHOD__,
1328                                         array( 'cont' => $container ), $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1329                                 return null;
1330                         }
1331                 }
1332
1333                 return $this->containerStatCache->get( $container, 'stat' );
1334         }
1335
1336         /**
1337          * Create a Swift container
1338          *
1339          * @param string $container Container name
1340          * @param array $params
1341          * @return Status
1342          */
1343         protected function createContainer( $container, array $params ) {
1344                 $status = Status::newGood();
1345
1346                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1347                 if ( !$auth ) {
1348                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1349                         return $status;
1350                 }
1351
1352                 // @see SwiftFileBackend::setContainerAccess()
1353                 if ( empty( $params['noAccess'] ) ) {
1354                         $readGrps = array( '.r:*', $this->swiftUser ); // public
1355                 } else {
1356                         $readGrps = array( $this->swiftUser ); // private
1357                 }
1358                 $writeGrps = array( $this->swiftUser ); // sanity
1359
1360                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1361                         'method'  => 'PUT',
1362                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1363                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + array(
1364                                 'x-container-read'  => implode( ',', $readGrps ),
1365                                 'x-container-write' => implode( ',', $writeGrps )
1366                         )
1367                 ) );
1368
1369                 if ( $rcode === 201 ) { // new
1370                         // good
1371                 } elseif ( $rcode === 202 ) { // already there
1372                         // this shouldn't really happen, but is OK
1373                 } else {
1374                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1375                 }
1376
1377                 return $status;
1378         }
1379
1380         /**
1381          * Delete a Swift container
1382          *
1383          * @param string $container Container name
1384          * @param array $params
1385          * @return Status
1386          */
1387         protected function deleteContainer( $container, array $params ) {
1388                 $status = Status::newGood();
1389
1390                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1391                 if ( !$auth ) {
1392                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1393                         return $status;
1394                 }
1395
1396                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1397                         'method'  => 'DELETE',
1398                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1399                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1400                 ) );
1401
1402                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) { // deleted
1403                         $this->containerStatCache->clear( $container ); // purge
1404                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) { // not there
1405                         // this shouldn't really happen, but is OK
1406                 } elseif ( $rcode === 409 ) { // not empty
1407                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc ); // race?
1408                 } else {
1409                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1410                 }
1411
1412                 return $status;
1413         }
1414
1415         /**
1416          * Get a list of objects under a container.
1417          * Either just the names or a list of stdClass objects with details can be returned.
1418          *
1419          * @param string $fullCont
1420          * @param string $type ('info' for a list of object detail maps, 'names' for names only)
1421          * @param integer $limit
1422          * @param string|null $after
1423          * @param string|null $prefix
1424          * @param string|null $delim
1425          * @return Status With the list as value
1426          */
1427         private function objectListing(
1428                 $fullCont, $type, $limit, $after = null, $prefix = null, $delim = null
1429         ) {
1430                 $status = Status::newGood();
1431
1432                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1433                 if ( !$auth ) {
1434                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1435                         return $status;
1436                 }
1437
1438                 $query = array( 'limit' => $limit );
1439                 if ( $type === 'info' ) {
1440                         $query['format'] = 'json';
1441                 }
1442                 if ( $after !== null ) {
1443                         $query['marker'] = $after;
1444                 }
1445                 if ( $prefix !== null ) {
1446                         $query['prefix'] = $prefix;
1447                 }
1448                 if ( $delim !== null ) {
1449                         $query['delimiter'] = $delim;
1450                 }
1451
1452                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1453                         'method'  => 'GET',
1454                         'url'     => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $fullCont ),
1455                         'query'   => $query,
1456                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1457                 ) );
1458
1459                 $params = array( 'cont' => $fullCont, 'prefix' => $prefix, 'delim' => $delim );
1460                 if ( $rcode === 200 ) { // good
1461                         if ( $type === 'info' ) {
1462                                 $status->value = FormatJson::decode( trim( $rbody ) );
1463                         } else {
1464                                 $status->value = explode( "\n", trim( $rbody ) );
1465                         }
1466                 } elseif ( $rcode === 204 ) {
1467                         $status->value = array(); // empty container
1468                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1469                         $status->value = array(); // no container
1470                 } else {
1471                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1472                 }
1473
1474                 return $status;
1475         }
1476
1477         protected function doPrimeContainerCache( array $containerInfo ) {
1478                 foreach ( $containerInfo as $container => $info ) {
1479                         $this->containerStatCache->set( $container, 'stat', $info );
1480                 }
1481         }
1482
1483         /**
1484          * @return array|null Credential map
1485          */
1486         protected function getAuthentication() {
1487                 if ( $this->authErrorTimestamp !== null ) {
1488                         if ( ( time() - $this->authErrorTimestamp ) < 60 ) {
1489                                 return null; // failed last attempt; don't bother
1490                         } else { // actually retry this time
1491                                 $this->authErrorTimestamp = null;
1492                         }
1493                 }
1494                 // Session keys expire after a while, so we renew them periodically
1495                 $reAuth = ( ( time() - $this->authSessionTimestamp ) > $this->authTTL );
1496                 // Authenticate with proxy and get a session key...
1497                 if ( !$this->authCreds || $reAuth ) {
1498                         $this->authSessionTimestamp = 0;
1499                         $cacheKey = $this->getCredsCacheKey( $this->swiftUser );
1500                         $creds = $this->srvCache->get( $cacheKey ); // credentials
1501                         // Try to use the credential cache
1502                         if ( isset( $creds['auth_token'] ) && isset( $creds['storage_url'] ) ) {
1503                                 $this->authCreds = $creds;
1504                                 // Skew the timestamp for worst case to avoid using stale credentials
1505                                 $this->authSessionTimestamp = time() - ceil( $this->authTTL / 2 );
1506                         } else { // cache miss
1507                                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1508                                         'method'  => 'GET',
1509                                         'url'     => "{$this->swiftAuthUrl}/v1.0",
1510                                         'headers' => array(
1511                                                 'x-auth-user' => $this->swiftUser, 'x-auth-key' => $this->swiftKey )
1512                                 ) );
1513
1514                                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) { // OK
1515                                         $this->authCreds = array(
1516                                                 'auth_token'  => $rhdrs['x-auth-token'],
1517                                                 'storage_url' => $rhdrs['x-storage-url']
1518                                         );
1519                                         $this->authSessionTimestamp = time();
1520                                 } elseif ( $rcode === 401 ) {
1521                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__, array(), "Authentication failed.", $rcode );
1522                                         $this->authErrorTimestamp = time();
1523                                         return null;
1524                                 } else {
1525                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__, array(), "HTTP return code: $rcode", $rcode );
1526                                         $this->authErrorTimestamp = time();
1527                                         return null;
1528                                 }
1529                         }
1530                 }
1531                 return $this->authCreds;
1532         }
1533
1534         /**
1535          * @param array $creds From getAuthentication()
1536          * @param string $container
1537          * @param string $object
1538          * @return array
1539          */
1540         protected function storageUrl( array $creds, $container = null, $object = null ) {
1541                 $parts = array( $creds['storage_url'] );
1542                 if ( strlen( $container ) ) {
1543                         $parts[] = rawurlencode( $container );
1544                 }
1545                 if ( strlen( $object ) ) {
1546                         $parts[] = str_replace( "%2F", "/", rawurlencode( $object ) );
1547                 }
1548                 return implode( '/', $parts );
1549         }
1550
1551         /**
1552          * @param array $creds From getAuthentication()
1553          * @return array
1554          */
1555         protected function authTokenHeaders( array $creds ) {
1556                 return array( 'x-auth-token' => $creds['auth_token'] );
1557         }
1558
1559         /**
1560          * Get the cache key for a container
1561          *
1562          * @param string $username
1563          * @return string
1564          */
1565         private function getCredsCacheKey( $username ) {
1566                 return wfMemcKey( 'backend', $this->getName(), 'usercreds', $username );
1567         }
1568
1569         /**
1570          * Log an unexpected exception for this backend.
1571          * This also sets the Status object to have a fatal error.
1572          *
1573          * @param Status|null $status
1574          * @param string $func
1575          * @param array $params
1576          * @param string $err Error string
1577          * @param integer $code HTTP status
1578          * @param string $desc HTTP status description
1579          */
1580         public function onError( $status, $func, array $params, $err = '', $code = 0, $desc = '' ) {
1581                 if ( $status instanceof Status ) {
1582                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
1583                 }
1584                 if ( $code == 401 ) { // possibly a stale token
1585                         $this->srvCache->delete( $this->getCredsCacheKey( $this->swiftUser ) );
1586                 }
1587                 wfDebugLog( 'SwiftBackend',
1588                         "HTTP $code ($desc) in '{$func}' (given '" . FormatJson::encode( $params ) . "')" .
1589                         ( $err ? ": $err" : "" )
1590                 );
1591         }
1592 }
1593
1594 /**
1595  * @see FileBackendStoreOpHandle
1596  */
1597 class SwiftFileOpHandle extends FileBackendStoreOpHandle {
1598         /** @var array List of Requests for MultiHttpClient */
1599         public $httpOp;
1600         /** @var Closure */
1601         public $callback;
1602
1603         /**
1604          * @param SwiftFileBackend $backend
1605          * @param Closure $callback Function that takes (HTTP request array, status)
1606          * @param array $httpOp MultiHttpClient op
1607          */
1608         public function __construct( SwiftFileBackend $backend, Closure $callback, array $httpOp ) {
1609                 $this->backend = $backend;
1610                 $this->callback = $callback;
1611                 $this->httpOp = $httpOp;
1612         }
1613 }
1614
1615 /**
1616  * SwiftFileBackend helper class to page through listings.
1617  * Swift also has a listing limit of 10,000 objects for sanity.
1618  * Do not use this class from places outside SwiftFileBackend.
1619  *
1620  * @ingroup FileBackend
1621  */
1622 abstract class SwiftFileBackendList implements Iterator {
1623         /** @var array List of path or (path,stat array) entries */
1624         protected $bufferIter = array();
1625
1626         /** @var string List items *after* this path */
1627         protected $bufferAfter = null;
1628
1629         /** @var int */
1630         protected $pos = 0;
1631
1632         /** @var array */
1633         protected $params = array();
1634
1635         /** @var SwiftFileBackend */
1636         protected $backend;
1637
1638         /** @var string Container name */
1639         protected $container;
1640
1641         /** @var string Storage directory */
1642         protected $dir;
1643
1644         /** @var int */
1645         protected $suffixStart;
1646
1647         const PAGE_SIZE = 9000; // file listing buffer size
1648
1649         /**
1650          * @param SwiftFileBackend $backend
1651          * @param string $fullCont Resolved container name
1652          * @param string $dir Resolved directory relative to container
1653          * @param array $params
1654          */
1655         public function __construct( SwiftFileBackend $backend, $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
1656                 $this->backend = $backend;
1657                 $this->container = $fullCont;
1658                 $this->dir = $dir;
1659                 if ( substr( $this->dir, -1 ) === '/' ) {
1660                         $this->dir = substr( $this->dir, 0, -1 ); // remove trailing slash
1661                 }
1662                 if ( $this->dir == '' ) { // whole container
1663                         $this->suffixStart = 0;
1664                 } else { // dir within container
1665                         $this->suffixStart = strlen( $this->dir ) + 1; // size of "path/to/dir/"
1666                 }
1667                 $this->params = $params;
1668         }
1669
1670         /**
1671          * @see Iterator::key()
1672          * @return int
1673          */
1674         public function key() {
1675                 return $this->pos;
1676         }
1677
1678         /**
1679          * @see Iterator::next()
1680          */
1681         public function next() {
1682                 // Advance to the next file in the page
1683                 next( $this->bufferIter );
1684                 ++$this->pos;
1685                 // Check if there are no files left in this page and
1686                 // advance to the next page if this page was not empty.
1687                 if ( !$this->valid() && count( $this->bufferIter ) ) {
1688                         $this->bufferIter = $this->pageFromList(
1689                                 $this->container, $this->dir, $this->bufferAfter, self::PAGE_SIZE, $this->params
1690                         ); // updates $this->bufferAfter
1691                 }
1692         }
1693
1694         /**
1695          * @see Iterator::rewind()
1696          */
1697         public function rewind() {
1698                 $this->pos = 0;
1699                 $this->bufferAfter = null;
1700                 $this->bufferIter = $this->pageFromList(
1701                         $this->container, $this->dir, $this->bufferAfter, self::PAGE_SIZE, $this->params
1702                 ); // updates $this->bufferAfter
1703         }
1704
1705         /**
1706          * @see Iterator::valid()
1707          * @return bool
1708          */
1709         public function valid() {
1710                 if ( $this->bufferIter === null ) {
1711                         return false; // some failure?
1712                 } else {
1713                         return ( current( $this->bufferIter ) !== false ); // no paths can have this value
1714                 }
1715         }
1716
1717         /**
1718          * Get the given list portion (page)
1719          *
1720          * @param string $container Resolved container name
1721          * @param string $dir Resolved path relative to container
1722          * @param string $after null
1723          * @param int $limit
1724          * @param array $params
1725          * @return Traversable|array
1726          */
1727         abstract protected function pageFromList( $container, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params );
1728 }
1729
1730 /**
1731  * Iterator for listing directories
1732  */
1733 class SwiftFileBackendDirList extends SwiftFileBackendList {
1734         /**
1735          * @see Iterator::current()
1736          * @return string|bool String (relative path) or false
1737          */
1738         public function current() {
1739                 return substr( current( $this->bufferIter ), $this->suffixStart, -1 );
1740         }
1741
1742         protected function pageFromList( $container, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
1743                 return $this->backend->getDirListPageInternal( $container, $dir, $after, $limit, $params );
1744         }
1745 }
1746
1747 /**
1748  * Iterator for listing regular files
1749  */
1750 class SwiftFileBackendFileList extends SwiftFileBackendList {
1751         /**
1752          * @see Iterator::current()
1753          * @return string|bool String (relative path) or false
1754          */
1755         public function current() {
1756                 list( $path, $stat ) = current( $this->bufferIter );
1757                 $relPath = substr( $path, $this->suffixStart );
1758                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
1759                         $storageDir = rtrim( $this->params['dir'], '/' );
1760                         $this->backend->loadListingStatInternal( "$storageDir/$relPath", $stat );
1761                 }
1762
1763                 return $relPath;
1764         }
1765
1766         protected function pageFromList( $container, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
1767                 return $this->backend->getFileListPageInternal( $container, $dir, $after, $limit, $params );
1768         }
1769 }