Housekeeping
[lhc/web/wiklou.git] / includes / Export.php
1 <?php
2 # Copyright (C) 2003, 2005, 2006 Brion Vibber <brion@pobox.com>
3 # http://www.mediawiki.org/
4 #
5 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 # (at your option) any later version.
9 #
10 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 # GNU General Public License for more details.
14 #
15 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
16 # with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
17 # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
18 # http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
19
20
21 /**
22 *
23 * @addtogroup SpecialPage
24 */
25 class WikiExporter {
26 var $list_authors = false ; # Return distinct author list (when not returning full history)
27 var $author_list = "" ;
28
29 const FULL = 0;
30 const CURRENT = 1;
31
32 const BUFFER = 0;
33 const STREAM = 1;
34
35 const TEXT = 0;
36 const STUB = 1;
37
38 /**
39 * If using WikiExporter::STREAM to stream a large amount of data,
40 * provide a database connection which is not managed by
41 * LoadBalancer to read from: some history blob types will
42 * make additional queries to pull source data while the
43 * main query is still running.
44 *
45 * @param Database $db
46 * @param mixed $history one of WikiExporter::FULL or WikiExporter::CURRENT, or an
47 * associative array:
48 * offset: non-inclusive offset at which to start the query
49 * limit: maximum number of rows to return
50 * dir: "asc" or "desc" timestamp order
51 * @param int $buffer one of WikiExporter::BUFFER or WikiExporter::STREAM
52 */
53 function __construct( &$db, $history = WikiExporter::CURRENT,
54 $buffer = WikiExporter::BUFFER, $text = WikiExporter::TEXT ) {
55 $this->db =& $db;
56 $this->history = $history;
57 $this->buffer = $buffer;
58 $this->writer = new XmlDumpWriter();
59 $this->sink = new DumpOutput();
60 $this->text = $text;
61 }
62
63 /**
64 * Set the DumpOutput or DumpFilter object which will receive
65 * various row objects and XML output for filtering. Filters
66 * can be chained or used as callbacks.
67 *
68 * @param mixed $callback
69 */
70 function setOutputSink( &$sink ) {
71 $this->sink =& $sink;
72 }
73
74 function openStream() {
75 $output = $this->writer->openStream();
76 $this->sink->writeOpenStream( $output );
77 }
78
79 function closeStream() {
80 $output = $this->writer->closeStream();
81 $this->sink->writeCloseStream( $output );
82 }
83
84 /**
85 * Dumps a series of page and revision records for all pages
86 * in the database, either including complete history or only
87 * the most recent version.
88 */
89 function allPages() {
90 return $this->dumpFrom( '' );
91 }
92
93 /**
94 * Dumps a series of page and revision records for those pages
95 * in the database falling within the page_id range given.
96 * @param int $start Inclusive lower limit (this id is included)
97 * @param int $end Exclusive upper limit (this id is not included)
98 * If 0, no upper limit.
99 */
100 function pagesByRange( $start, $end ) {
101 $condition = 'page_id >= ' . intval( $start );
102 if( $end ) {
103 $condition .= ' AND page_id < ' . intval( $end );
104 }
105 return $this->dumpFrom( $condition );
106 }
107
108 /**
109 * @param Title $title
110 */
111 function pageByTitle( $title ) {
112 return $this->dumpFrom(
113 'page_namespace=' . $title->getNamespace() .
114 ' AND page_title=' . $this->db->addQuotes( $title->getDbKey() ) );
115 }
116
117 function pageByName( $name ) {
118 $title = Title::newFromText( $name );
119 if( is_null( $title ) ) {
120 return new WikiError( "Can't export invalid title" );
121 } else {
122 return $this->pageByTitle( $title );
123 }
124 }
125
126 function pagesByName( $names ) {
127 foreach( $names as $name ) {
128 $this->pageByName( $name );
129 }
130 }
131
132
133 // -------------------- private implementation below --------------------
134
135 # Generates the distinct list of authors of an article
136 # Not called by default (depends on $this->list_authors)
137 # Can be set by Special:Export when not exporting whole history
138 function do_list_authors ( $page , $revision , $cond ) {
139 $fname = "do_list_authors" ;
140 wfProfileIn( $fname );
141 $this->author_list = "<contributors>";
142 //rev_deleted
143 $nothidden = '(rev_deleted & '.Revision::DELETED_USER.') = 0';
144
145 $sql = "SELECT DISTINCT rev_user_text,rev_user FROM {$page},{$revision} WHERE page_id=rev_page AND $nothidden AND " . $cond ;
146 $result = $this->db->query( $sql, $fname );
147 $resultset = $this->db->resultObject( $result );
148 while( $row = $resultset->fetchObject() ) {
149 $this->author_list .= "<contributor>" .
150 "<username>" .
151 htmlentities( $row->rev_user_text ) .
152 "</username>" .
153 "<id>" .
154 $row->rev_user .
155 "</id>" .
156 "</contributor>";
157 }
158 wfProfileOut( $fname );
159 $this->author_list .= "</contributors>";
160 }
161
162 function dumpFrom( $cond = '' ) {
163 $fname = 'WikiExporter::dumpFrom';
164 wfProfileIn( $fname );
165
166 $page = $this->db->tableName( 'page' );
167 $revision = $this->db->tableName( 'revision' );
168 $text = $this->db->tableName( 'text' );
169
170 $order = 'ORDER BY page_id';
171 $limit = '';
172
173 if( $this->history == WikiExporter::FULL ) {
174 $join = 'page_id=rev_page';
175 } elseif( $this->history == WikiExporter::CURRENT ) {
176 if ( $this->list_authors && $cond != '' ) { // List authors, if so desired
177 $this->do_list_authors ( $page , $revision , $cond );
178 }
179 $join = 'page_id=rev_page AND page_latest=rev_id';
180 } elseif ( is_array( $this->history ) ) {
181 $join = 'page_id=rev_page';
182 if ( $this->history['dir'] == 'asc' ) {
183 $op = '>';
184 $order .= ', rev_timestamp';
185 } else {
186 $op = '<';
187 $order .= ', rev_timestamp DESC';
188 }
189 if ( !empty( $this->history['offset'] ) ) {
190 $join .= " AND rev_timestamp $op " . $this->db->addQuotes(
191 $this->db->timestamp( $this->history['offset'] ) );
192 }
193 if ( !empty( $this->history['limit'] ) ) {
194 $limitNum = intval( $this->history['limit'] );
195 if ( $limitNum > 0 ) {
196 $limit = "LIMIT $limitNum";
197 }
198 }
199 } else {
200 wfProfileOut( $fname );
201 return new WikiError( "$fname given invalid history dump type." );
202 }
203 $where = ( $cond == '' ) ? '' : "$cond AND";
204
205 if( $this->buffer == WikiExporter::STREAM ) {
206 $prev = $this->db->bufferResults( false );
207 }
208 if( $cond == '' ) {
209 // Optimization hack for full-database dump
210 $revindex = $pageindex = $this->db->useIndexClause("PRIMARY");
211 $straight = ' /*! STRAIGHT_JOIN */ ';
212 } else {
213 $pageindex = '';
214 $revindex = '';
215 $straight = '';
216 }
217 if( $this->text == WikiExporter::STUB ) {
218 $sql = "SELECT $straight * FROM
219 $page $pageindex,
220 $revision $revindex
221 WHERE $where $join
222 $order $limit";
223 } else {
224 $sql = "SELECT $straight * FROM
225 $page $pageindex,
226 $revision $revindex,
227 $text
228 WHERE $where $join AND rev_text_id=old_id
229 $order $limit";
230 }
231 $result = $this->db->query( $sql, $fname );
232 $wrapper = $this->db->resultObject( $result );
233 $this->outputStream( $wrapper );
234
235 if ( $this->list_authors ) {
236 $this->outputStream( $wrapper );
237 }
238
239 if( $this->buffer == WikiExporter::STREAM ) {
240 $this->db->bufferResults( $prev );
241 }
242
243 wfProfileOut( $fname );
244 }
245
246 /**
247 * Runs through a query result set dumping page and revision records.
248 * The result set should be sorted/grouped by page to avoid duplicate
249 * page records in the output.
250 *
251 * The result set will be freed once complete. Should be safe for
252 * streaming (non-buffered) queries, as long as it was made on a
253 * separate database connection not managed by LoadBalancer; some
254 * blob storage types will make queries to pull source data.
255 *
256 * @param ResultWrapper $resultset
257 * @access private
258 */
259 function outputStream( $resultset ) {
260 $last = null;
261 while( $row = $resultset->fetchObject() ) {
262 if( is_null( $last ) ||
263 $last->page_namespace != $row->page_namespace ||
264 $last->page_title != $row->page_title ) {
265 if( isset( $last ) ) {
266 $output = $this->writer->closePage();
267 $this->sink->writeClosePage( $output );
268 }
269 $output = $this->writer->openPage( $row );
270 $this->sink->writeOpenPage( $row, $output );
271 $last = $row;
272 }
273 $output = $this->writer->writeRevision( $row );
274 $this->sink->writeRevision( $row, $output );
275 }
276 if( isset( $last ) ) {
277 $output = $this->author_list . $this->writer->closePage();
278 $this->sink->writeClosePage( $output );
279 }
280 $resultset->free();
281 }
282 }
283
284 /**
285 * @addtogroup Dump
286 */
287 class XmlDumpWriter {
288
289 /**
290 * Returns the export schema version.
291 * @return string
292 */
293 function schemaVersion() {
294 return "0.3"; // FIXME: upgrade to 0.4 when updated XSD is ready, for the revision deletion bits
295 }
296
297 /**
298 * Opens the XML output stream's root <mediawiki> element.
299 * This does not include an xml directive, so is safe to include
300 * as a subelement in a larger XML stream. Namespace and XML Schema
301 * references are included.
302 *
303 * Output will be encoded in UTF-8.
304 *
305 * @return string
306 */
307 function openStream() {
308 global $wgContLanguageCode;
309 $ver = $this->schemaVersion();
310 return wfElement( 'mediawiki', array(
311 'xmlns' => "http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-$ver/",
312 'xmlns:xsi' => "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance",
313 'xsi:schemaLocation' => "http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-$ver/ " .
314 "http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-$ver.xsd",
315 'version' => $ver,
316 'xml:lang' => $wgContLanguageCode ),
317 null ) .
318 "\n" .
319 $this->siteInfo();
320 }
321
322 function siteInfo() {
323 $info = array(
324 $this->sitename(),
325 $this->homelink(),
326 $this->generator(),
327 $this->caseSetting(),
328 $this->namespaces() );
329 return " <siteinfo>\n " .
330 implode( "\n ", $info ) .
331 "\n </siteinfo>\n";
332 }
333
334 function sitename() {
335 global $wgSitename;
336 return wfElement( 'sitename', array(), $wgSitename );
337 }
338
339 function generator() {
340 global $wgVersion;
341 return wfElement( 'generator', array(), "MediaWiki $wgVersion" );
342 }
343
344 function homelink() {
345 return wfElement( 'base', array(), Title::newMainPage()->getFullUrl() );
346 }
347
348 function caseSetting() {
349 global $wgCapitalLinks;
350 // "case-insensitive" option is reserved for future
351 $sensitivity = $wgCapitalLinks ? 'first-letter' : 'case-sensitive';
352 return wfElement( 'case', array(), $sensitivity );
353 }
354
355 function namespaces() {
356 global $wgContLang;
357 $spaces = " <namespaces>\n";
358 foreach( $wgContLang->getFormattedNamespaces() as $ns => $title ) {
359 $spaces .= ' ' . wfElement( 'namespace', array( 'key' => $ns ), $title ) . "\n";
360 }
361 $spaces .= " </namespaces>";
362 return $spaces;
363 }
364
365 /**
366 * Closes the output stream with the closing root element.
367 * Call when finished dumping things.
368 */
369 function closeStream() {
370 return "</mediawiki>\n";
371 }
372
373
374 /**
375 * Opens a <page> section on the output stream, with data
376 * from the given database row.
377 *
378 * @param object $row
379 * @return string
380 * @access private
381 */
382 function openPage( $row ) {
383 $out = " <page>\n";
384 $title = Title::makeTitle( $row->page_namespace, $row->page_title );
385 $out .= ' ' . wfElementClean( 'title', array(), $title->getPrefixedText() ) . "\n";
386 $out .= ' ' . wfElement( 'id', array(), strval( $row->page_id ) ) . "\n";
387 if( '' != $row->page_restrictions ) {
388 $out .= ' ' . wfElement( 'restrictions', array(),
389 strval( $row->page_restrictions ) ) . "\n";
390 }
391 return $out;
392 }
393
394 /**
395 * Closes a <page> section on the output stream.
396 *
397 * @access private
398 */
399 function closePage() {
400 return " </page>\n";
401 }
402
403 /**
404 * Dumps a <revision> section on the output stream, with
405 * data filled in from the given database row.
406 *
407 * @param object $row
408 * @return string
409 * @access private
410 */
411 function writeRevision( $row ) {
412 $fname = 'WikiExporter::dumpRev';
413 wfProfileIn( $fname );
414
415 $out = " <revision>\n";
416 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'id', null, strval( $row->rev_id ) ) . "\n";
417
418 $ts = wfTimestamp( TS_ISO_8601, $row->rev_timestamp );
419 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'timestamp', null, $ts ) . "\n";
420
421 if( $row->rev_deleted & Revision::DELETED_USER ) {
422 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'contributor', array( 'deleted' => 'deleted' ) ) . "\n";
423 } else {
424 $out .= " <contributor>\n";
425 if( $row->rev_user ) {
426 $out .= " " . wfElementClean( 'username', null, strval( $row->rev_user_text ) ) . "\n";
427 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'id', null, strval( $row->rev_user ) ) . "\n";
428 } else {
429 $out .= " " . wfElementClean( 'ip', null, strval( $row->rev_user_text ) ) . "\n";
430 }
431 $out .= " </contributor>\n";
432 }
433
434 if( $row->rev_minor_edit ) {
435 $out .= " <minor/>\n";
436 }
437 if( $row->rev_deleted & Revision::DELETED_COMMENT ) {
438 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'comment', array( 'deleted' => 'deleted' ) ) . "\n";
439 } elseif( $row->rev_comment != '' ) {
440 $out .= " " . wfElementClean( 'comment', null, strval( $row->rev_comment ) ) . "\n";
441 }
442
443 if( $row->rev_deleted & Revision::DELETED_TEXT ) {
444 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'text', array( 'deleted' => 'deleted' ) ) . "\n";
445 } elseif( isset( $row->old_text ) ) {
446 // Raw text from the database may have invalid chars
447 $text = strval( Revision::getRevisionText( $row ) );
448 $out .= " " . wfElementClean( 'text',
449 array( 'xml:space' => 'preserve' ),
450 strval( $text ) ) . "\n";
451 } else {
452 // Stub output
453 $out .= " " . wfElement( 'text',
454 array( 'id' => $row->rev_text_id ),
455 "" ) . "\n";
456 }
457
458 $out .= " </revision>\n";
459
460 wfProfileOut( $fname );
461 return $out;
462 }
463
464 }
465
466
467 /**
468 * Base class for output stream; prints to stdout or buffer or whereever.
469 * @addtogroup Dump
470 */
471 class DumpOutput {
472 function writeOpenStream( $string ) {
473 $this->write( $string );
474 }
475
476 function writeCloseStream( $string ) {
477 $this->write( $string );
478 }
479
480 function writeOpenPage( $page, $string ) {
481 $this->write( $string );
482 }
483
484 function writeClosePage( $string ) {
485 $this->write( $string );
486 }
487
488 function writeRevision( $rev, $string ) {
489 $this->write( $string );
490 }
491
492 /**
493 * Override to write to a different stream type.
494 * @return bool
495 */
496 function write( $string ) {
497 print $string;
498 }
499 }
500
501 /**
502 * Stream outputter to send data to a file.
503 * @addtogroup Dump
504 */
505 class DumpFileOutput extends DumpOutput {
506 var $handle;
507
508 function DumpFileOutput( $file ) {
509 $this->handle = fopen( $file, "wt" );
510 }
511
512 function write( $string ) {
513 fputs( $this->handle, $string );
514 }
515 }
516
517 /**
518 * Stream outputter to send data to a file via some filter program.
519 * Even if compression is available in a library, using a separate
520 * program can allow us to make use of a multi-processor system.
521 * @addtogroup Dump
522 */
523 class DumpPipeOutput extends DumpFileOutput {
524 function DumpPipeOutput( $command, $file = null ) {
525 if( !is_null( $file ) ) {
526 $command .= " > " . wfEscapeShellArg( $file );
527 }
528 $this->handle = popen( $command, "w" );
529 }
530 }
531
532 /**
533 * Sends dump output via the gzip compressor.
534 * @addtogroup Dump
535 */
536 class DumpGZipOutput extends DumpPipeOutput {
537 function DumpGZipOutput( $file ) {
538 parent::DumpPipeOutput( "gzip", $file );
539 }
540 }
541
542 /**
543 * Sends dump output via the bgzip2 compressor.
544 * @addtogroup Dump
545 */
546 class DumpBZip2Output extends DumpPipeOutput {
547 function DumpBZip2Output( $file ) {
548 parent::DumpPipeOutput( "bzip2", $file );
549 }
550 }
551
552 /**
553 * Sends dump output via the p7zip compressor.
554 * @addtogroup Dump
555 */
556 class Dump7ZipOutput extends DumpPipeOutput {
557 function Dump7ZipOutput( $file ) {
558 $command = "7za a -bd -si " . wfEscapeShellArg( $file );
559 // Suppress annoying useless crap from p7zip
560 // Unfortunately this could suppress real error messages too
561 $command .= " >/dev/null 2>&1";
562 parent::DumpPipeOutput( $command );
563 }
564 }
565
566
567
568 /**
569 * Dump output filter class.
570 * This just does output filtering and streaming; XML formatting is done
571 * higher up, so be careful in what you do.
572 * @addtogroup Dump
573 */
574 class DumpFilter {
575 function DumpFilter( &$sink ) {
576 $this->sink =& $sink;
577 }
578
579 function writeOpenStream( $string ) {
580 $this->sink->writeOpenStream( $string );
581 }
582
583 function writeCloseStream( $string ) {
584 $this->sink->writeCloseStream( $string );
585 }
586
587 function writeOpenPage( $page, $string ) {
588 $this->sendingThisPage = $this->pass( $page, $string );
589 if( $this->sendingThisPage ) {
590 $this->sink->writeOpenPage( $page, $string );
591 }
592 }
593
594 function writeClosePage( $string ) {
595 if( $this->sendingThisPage ) {
596 $this->sink->writeClosePage( $string );
597 $this->sendingThisPage = false;
598 }
599 }
600
601 function writeRevision( $rev, $string ) {
602 if( $this->sendingThisPage ) {
603 $this->sink->writeRevision( $rev, $string );
604 }
605 }
606
607 /**
608 * Override for page-based filter types.
609 * @return bool
610 */
611 function pass( $page ) {
612 return true;
613 }
614 }
615
616 /**
617 * Simple dump output filter to exclude all talk pages.
618 * @addtogroup Dump
619 */
620 class DumpNotalkFilter extends DumpFilter {
621 function pass( $page ) {
622 return !Namespace::isTalk( $page->page_namespace );
623 }
624 }
625
626 /**
627 * Dump output filter to include or exclude pages in a given set of namespaces.
628 * @addtogroup Dump
629 */
630 class DumpNamespaceFilter extends DumpFilter {
631 var $invert = false;
632 var $namespaces = array();
633
634 function DumpNamespaceFilter( &$sink, $param ) {
635 parent::DumpFilter( $sink );
636
637 $constants = array(
638 "NS_MAIN" => NS_MAIN,
639 "NS_TALK" => NS_TALK,
640 "NS_USER" => NS_USER,
641 "NS_USER_TALK" => NS_USER_TALK,
642 "NS_PROJECT" => NS_PROJECT,
643 "NS_PROJECT_TALK" => NS_PROJECT_TALK,
644 "NS_IMAGE" => NS_IMAGE,
645 "NS_IMAGE_TALK" => NS_IMAGE_TALK,
646 "NS_MEDIAWIKI" => NS_MEDIAWIKI,
647 "NS_MEDIAWIKI_TALK" => NS_MEDIAWIKI_TALK,
648 "NS_TEMPLATE" => NS_TEMPLATE,
649 "NS_TEMPLATE_TALK" => NS_TEMPLATE_TALK,
650 "NS_HELP" => NS_HELP,
651 "NS_HELP_TALK" => NS_HELP_TALK,
652 "NS_CATEGORY" => NS_CATEGORY,
653 "NS_CATEGORY_TALK" => NS_CATEGORY_TALK );
654
655 if( $param{0} == '!' ) {
656 $this->invert = true;
657 $param = substr( $param, 1 );
658 }
659
660 foreach( explode( ',', $param ) as $key ) {
661 $key = trim( $key );
662 if( isset( $constants[$key] ) ) {
663 $ns = $constants[$key];
664 $this->namespaces[$ns] = true;
665 } elseif( is_numeric( $key ) ) {
666 $ns = intval( $key );
667 $this->namespaces[$ns] = true;
668 } else {
669 throw new MWException( "Unrecognized namespace key '$key'\n" );
670 }
671 }
672 }
673
674 function pass( $page ) {
675 $match = isset( $this->namespaces[$page->page_namespace] );
676 return $this->invert xor $match;
677 }
678 }
679
680
681 /**
682 * Dump output filter to include only the last revision in each page sequence.
683 * @addtogroup Dump
684 */
685 class DumpLatestFilter extends DumpFilter {
686 var $page, $pageString, $rev, $revString;
687
688 function writeOpenPage( $page, $string ) {
689 $this->page = $page;
690 $this->pageString = $string;
691 }
692
693 function writeClosePage( $string ) {
694 if( $this->rev ) {
695 $this->sink->writeOpenPage( $this->page, $this->pageString );
696 $this->sink->writeRevision( $this->rev, $this->revString );
697 $this->sink->writeClosePage( $string );
698 }
699 $this->rev = null;
700 $this->revString = null;
701 $this->page = null;
702 $this->pageString = null;
703 }
704
705 function writeRevision( $rev, $string ) {
706 if( $rev->rev_id == $this->page->page_latest ) {
707 $this->rev = $rev;
708 $this->revString = $string;
709 }
710 }
711 }
712
713 /**
714 * Base class for output stream; prints to stdout or buffer or whereever.
715 * @addtogroup Dump
716 */
717 class DumpMultiWriter {
718 function DumpMultiWriter( $sinks ) {
719 $this->sinks = $sinks;
720 $this->count = count( $sinks );
721 }
722
723 function writeOpenStream( $string ) {
724 for( $i = 0; $i < $this->count; $i++ ) {
725 $this->sinks[$i]->writeOpenStream( $string );
726 }
727 }
728
729 function writeCloseStream( $string ) {
730 for( $i = 0; $i < $this->count; $i++ ) {
731 $this->sinks[$i]->writeCloseStream( $string );
732 }
733 }
734
735 function writeOpenPage( $page, $string ) {
736 for( $i = 0; $i < $this->count; $i++ ) {
737 $this->sinks[$i]->writeOpenPage( $page, $string );
738 }
739 }
740
741 function writeClosePage( $string ) {
742 for( $i = 0; $i < $this->count; $i++ ) {
743 $this->sinks[$i]->writeClosePage( $string );
744 }
745 }
746
747 function writeRevision( $rev, $string ) {
748 for( $i = 0; $i < $this->count; $i++ ) {
749 $this->sinks[$i]->writeRevision( $rev, $string );
750 }
751 }
752 }
753
754 function xmlsafe( $string ) {
755 $fname = 'xmlsafe';
756 wfProfileIn( $fname );
757
758 /**
759 * The page may contain old data which has not been properly normalized.
760 * Invalid UTF-8 sequences or forbidden control characters will make our
761 * XML output invalid, so be sure to strip them out.
762 */
763 $string = UtfNormal::cleanUp( $string );
764
765 $string = htmlspecialchars( $string );
766 wfProfileOut( $fname );
767 return $string;
768 }
769
770